The country with the most intellectual property (IP) related to refining rare earth elements is China.
Here's why:
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Dominance in rare earth processing:
China refines over 85% of the world’s rare earth elements, giving it a significant technological and industrial edge. -
Extensive patent portfolio:
Chinese companies and research institutions (e.g., Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute, China Northern Rare Earth Group) hold thousands of patents related to:-
Extraction and separation techniques
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Solvent and hydrometallurgical processes
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Environmental controls in rare earth refining
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Government support for IP generation:
China's state-backed innovation strategy has encouraged aggressive IP filings in strategic sectors like rare earths, often making them the top filer globally in this niche.