max 650c?

First you need to distinguish between “Flame Temperature” and “Surface Temperature of Chamber”.

Flame temperature can reach up to 2500 degrees Celsius. But this temperature only happens at a local point, and the flame temperature distribution around this peak point is lower.

The surface temperatures of “Cylinder Head” and “Piston” can reach up to 260 degrees Celsius.

The reason for difference in values between “Flame Temperature” and “Surface Temperature” is that the cooling system continuously removes heat from engines, preventing it from being melted.

Also, the combustion gases act as insulator between the “high temperature region” inside chamber (center of flame), and the chamber surfaces.

Thus, we can conclude that machines can operate at temperatures higher than the melting point of its components. Thanks to the COOLING SYSTEM.

 

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The temperature inside the combustion chamber is always transient and depends upon various parameters like cooling system, load on the engine, combustion chamber shape and the like. But the temperature is usually around 1500 degree Celsius. Here are some temperature range of other parts in an engine (in degree celsius)

1. Intake manifold : 60
2. Intake valve : 250
3. Spark plug : 600
4. Exhaust valve : 650
5. Exhaust gases : 450
6. Piston face : 300
7. Cylinder wall : 185
8. Piston ring : 220
9. Piston skirt : 190
10. Coolant : 105
11. Engine oil : 70