說出心裏話?: 希拉裏·克林頓, 托尼·布萊爾, 瑪格麗特·史密斯·歌特
Margaret Smith Court, is a retired Australian tennis player and former world No. 1., retained the record of the most won Grand slam championships hold in history. She is currently a Christian minister in Perth, Western Australia.Wikipedia
Tony Blair once said, after stepping down as
british prime minister, that religion was 'how I want to spend the rest of my life' before launching the Tony Blair Faith Foundation. 'Religious faith will be of the same significance to the 21st century as political ideology was to the 20th century,' Blair added. (below).
Now, Hillary Clinton wants to preach (below).
Why all of sudden, these rich and famous want to to that? What do you think?
瑪格麗特·史密斯·歌特是一名退休的澳大利亞網球選手，前世界排名第一，歌特大滿貫錦標賽的曆史。 她目前是西澳大利亞珀斯的基督教部長。(維基百科)
托尼·布萊爾曾經說過，下台後
英國首相，那個宗教是在我啟動托尼·布萊爾信仰基金會之前就是“我如何度過餘生”。布賴爾補充說：“宗教信仰對二十一世紀的政治意識形態將與二十世紀具有同等的意義。
希拉裏·克林頓想傳道。總統候選人希拉裏·克林頓終於從心裏說出：
“我是一個信仰的人。我是一位基督教徒。我是衛理公會我被提拔衛理公會我感到非常感謝我從家裏開始的通過我教會的指示和支持，我認為，我們中的任何一個基督教徒在我們自己的頭腦中都會不斷地，不斷地談論我們所要做的事情，以及如何我們被要求做到這一點，我認為人們非常有信心，而且與其他信仰人士進行討論是絕對恰當的...我對聖經的研究，我對信仰的人的許多對話，使我相信最重要的誡命是用你的全部愛耶和華，愛你們的鄰舍，這就是我認為我們是由基督所吩咐的，聖經中還有更多的東西關心照顧窮人，拜訪囚犯，帶走陌生人，為別人提供機會，找到自己的信仰，認為有許多不同的行使信仰的方式。
“但我確實相信，在許多方麵，判斷應該留給上帝，更開放，寬容和尊重是使我謙卑我信仰的一部分，我對那些真正把另一個臉頰所有人的敬畏時間，誰可以去那個額外的一點，我們被要求去，誰繼續尋找原諒和繼續前進的方式。那些對人類來說真的很難做，而且在新約裏肯定會有這樣的，叫我們這樣做。
克林頓繼續在山上討論布道，這顯然是她的中央聖經經文。 “聖經中有很多偉大的研究：山上的講道是什麽意思？它叫什麽叫做和理解？因為它確實似乎有利於窮人和慈悲，而世俗的話語卻沒有太多的東西，而是有上帝承認為愛和救恩的核心的精神。
她解釋了她與一些保守的基督徒的區別。 “所以有很多可以學到的東西，我非常失望，對於那些以這樣偉大的愛心為基礎的基督教有時候被用來譴責這麽快，如此苛刻的判斷。
** Ref. **
antithetical form of preaching may be just what the country needs.
Politician turned preacher? Hillary Clinton prepares finally to 'come out' as a Christian leader
Tony Blair once said, after stepping down as
british prime minister, that religion was 'how I want to spend the rest of my life' before launching the Tony Blair Faith Foundation. 'Religious faith will be of the same significance to the 21st century as political ideology was to the 20th century,' Blair added.
Hillary Clinton wants to preach. presidential candidate Hillary Clinton finally spoke from the heart:
'I am a person of faith. I am a Christian. I am a Methodist. I have been raised Methodist. I feel very grateful for the instructions and support I received starting in my family but through my church, and I think that any of us who are Christian have a constantly, constant, conversation in our own heads about what we are called to do and how we are asked to do it, and I think it is absolutely appropriate for people to have very strong convictions and also, though, to discuss those with other people of faith...
My study of the Bible, my many conversations with people of faith, has led me to believe the most
important commandment is to love the Lord with all your might and to love your neighbour as yourself, and that is what I think we are commanded by Christ to do, and there is so much more in the
Bible about taking care of the poor, visiting the prisoners, taking in the stranger, creating opportunities for others to be lifted up, to find faith themselves that I think there are many different ways of
exercising your faith.'But I do believe that in many areas judgment should be left to God, that being more open, tolerant and respectful is part of what makes me humble about my faith, and I am in awe of people who truly turn the other cheek all the time, who can go that extra mile that we are called
to go, who keep finding ways to forgive and move on.
Those are really hard things for human beings to do, and there is a lot, certainly in the New Testament, that calls us to do that.'Clinton went on to discuss the Sermon on the Mount, clearly a central
Bible passage for her. 'There's a lot of great Bible studies: What does the Sermon on the Mount really mean? What is it calling us to do and to understand? Because it sure does seem to favour the
poor and the merciful and those who in worldly terms don't have a lot but who have the spirit that God recognizes as being at the core of love and salvation.'And she explained how she differs from
some conservative Christians. 'So there is much to be learned and I have been very disappointed
and sorry that Christianity, which has such great love at its core, is sometimes used to condemn so
quickly and judge so harshly.'
** Original Ref. **
Politician turned preacher? Hillary Clinton prepares finally to 'come out' as a Christian leader
James Macintyre 08 August
ReutersHillary Clinton wants to preach.That was the simple introduction to a revelatory news feature in
The Atlantic this week, which claimed that the Democrat former presidential candidate said this to Bill Shillady, her long-time pastor, at a recent photo shoot for his new book about the daily devotionals he sent her during the 2016 campaign.'Given her depth of knowledge of the Bible and her experience of caring for people and loving people, she'd make a great pastor,' Shillady told The Atlantic. No, she probably won't go to seminary; she probably won't pursue an official lay position in the Methodist church, like deaconess. 'I think it would be more of ... her guest preaching at some point,' he said. 'We have a long history of lay preachers in the United Methodist Church.'Since the election, he added, 'I think her faith is stronger...I haven't noticed anything different, except that I think she is more relaxed than I've ever seen her.'The report cited other 'scattered' bits of information that have come out, backing the idea of Clinton focusing on faith: last autumn, for example, the former Newsweek editor Kenneth Woodward revealed that Clinton told him in 1994 that she thought 'all the time' about becoming an ordained Methodist minister. However, in a comment which typifies Clinton's apparent ambivalence towards public knowledge of her faith, she told him not to write about it because 'It will make me seem much too pious'.AdvertisementClinton is not alone.
Tony Blair once said, after stepping down as prime minister, that religion was 'how I want to spend the rest of my life' before launching the Tony Blair Faith Foundation. 'Religious faith will be of the same significance to the 21st century as political ideology was to the 20th century,' Blair added.Now, two books are set for publication this autumn:
What Happened, Clinton's personal account of the election, and
Strong for a Moment Like This, Shillady's book of devotionals
.Shillady, who runs the United Methodist City Society in New York, wrote the book at Clinton's suggestion, according to The Atlantic, and his is the only book for which Clinton has agreed to write a foreword. Clinton and her aides read and approved the copy ahead of time.
Strong for a Moment Like This brings together daily devotionals written after Shillady got up at 4am, for Clinton to use in the day ahead, from 2015 onwards, when she first announced that she would be running for the presidency.Other pastors contributed, including more than 100 women clergy who formed a group called 'We Pray with Her'.According to the Atlantic, the book 'offers a rare window into the way Scripture appears to have shaped Clinton on the campaign trail – as it has throughout her life'.Hillary Rodham grew up attending First United Methodist Church in the conservative suburb of Park Ridge, Illinois.During the Bill Clinton administration which at times caused upset to Hillary, the family attended Foundry United Methodist Church in Washington, D.C.
Strong for a Moment Like This suggests that Clinton was thinking about biblical themes throughout 2015 and 2016.Yet she has at times been all too guarded. Early in her career, she learned the dangers of speaking publicly about her religious beliefs. As The Atlantic recalls, 'When she was First Lady, progressives roundly mocked her moralism, and conservatives doubted her sincerity. After getting widely panned for a speech about America's "crisis of meaning" in 1993, Clinton waited nearly a year to talk about spirituality again – and did so, she said, "with some trepidation".'As long-time friend of Clinton Lissa Muscatine
told the New York Times: 'It's been a remarkably private part of this hugely public person's existence. It's almost like, because it's so private and has motivated her so deeply, that she doesn't talk about it.'It was on January 25, at a town-hall-style gathering inside a gymnasium in Knoxville, Iowa when, after years of not talking about it publicly, Clinton
came out as a passionate Christian.Asked by a Democrat-leaning voter about her beliefs, she opened up. It is worth quoting her at some length because all-too-unusually, it was clear that the guarded presidential candidate finally spoke from the heart:'I am a person of faith. I am a Christian. I am a Methodist. I have been raised Methodist. I feel very grateful for the instructions and support I received starting in my family but through my church, and I think that any of us who are Christian have a constantly, constant, conversation in our own heads about what we are called to do and how we are asked to do it, and I think it is absolutely appropriate for people to have very strong convictions and also, though, to discuss those with other people of faith...My study of the Bible, my many conversations with people of faith, has led me to believe the most important commandment is to love the Lord with all your might and to love your neighbour as yourself, and that is what I think we are commanded by Christ to do, and there is so much more in the Bible about taking care of the poor, visiting the prisoners, taking in the stranger, creating opportunities for others to be lifted up, to find faith themselves that I think there are many different ways of exercising your faith.'But I do believe that in many areas judgment should be left to God, that being more open, tolerant and respectful is part of what makes me humble about my faith, and I am in awe of people who truly turn the other cheek all the time, who can go that extra mile that we are called to go, who keep finding ways to forgive and move on. Those are really hard things for human beings to do, and there is a lot, certainly in the New Testament, that calls us to do that.'Clinton went on to discuss the Sermon on the Mount, clearly a central Bible passage for her. 'There's a lot of great Bible studies: What does the Sermon on the Mount really mean? What is it calling us to do and to understand? Because it sure does seem to favour the poor and the merciful and those who in worldly terms don't have a lot but who have the spirit that God recognizes as being at the core of love and salvation.'And she explained how she differs from some conservative Christians. 'So there is much to be learned and I have been very disappointed and sorry that Christianity, which has such great love at its core, is sometimes used to condemn so quickly and judge so harshly.'With right-wing, white evangelicals on the rise in America, and apparently
tightening their grip on the White House, Hillary Clinton 'coming out' fully as a Christian and providing this type of antithetical form of preaching may be just what the country needs.
Politician turned preacher? Hillary Clinton prepares finally to 'come out' as a Christian leader
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ZT: 毛澤東的文化自信和美學精神
來源:
初心勿忘 於
2017-08-14 17:33:50 [檔案] [舊帖] [給我悄悄話] 本文已被閱讀： 120 次 (15024 bytes)
毛澤東的文化自信和美學精神
陳晉
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毛澤東說過，“人是要有一點精神的”。沒有精神，人不會有出息。一個黨也是如此，沒有精神，這個黨立不起來。在95年的奮鬥曆程中，中國共產黨培育形成了一係列彰顯黨的性質、宗旨和品格，體現人民和時代要求，凝聚各方力量的偉大精神。我們黨在1996年概括的長征精神，就是中國共產黨偉大精神的一個醒目坐標。同樣的，一個民族的文化自信和美學精神也很重要。
本文結合學習習近平總書記有關文化問題的講話，就毛澤東的文化自信和美學精神問題，談三點想法。
文化自信和美學精神互為一體
習近平總書記在文藝工作座談會上的講話中，特別強調要傳承和弘揚中華優秀傳統文化，傳承和弘揚中華美學精神。他把這兩個概念放在一起來講，說明有什麽樣的文化自信，就會有什麽樣的美學精神。
文化自信，是一個國家，一個民族，一個政黨對自身的曆史發展、文化秉賦和精神價值的充分肯定和努力踐行。習近平總書記在“七一”講話中指出：“在5000多年文明發展中孕育的中華優秀傳統文化，在黨和人民偉大鬥爭中孕育的革命文化和社會主義先進文化，積澱著中華民族最深層的精神追求，代表著中華民族獨特的精神標識。”這個論斷說明，我們彰顯的文化自信，主要是對中華優秀傳統文化、革命文化、社會主義先進文化的自信。毛澤東詩詞體現了中華民族和中國共產黨人的精神追求，是中國共產黨文化自信的藝術體現。
中華美學精神，應該是植根於中華優秀傳統文化，反映中國人幾千年來創造和積澱下來的審美方式和精神氣象，進而體現中國作風和中國氣派的東西。諸如文與道的關係、情與理的關係、氣與韻的關係、意與象的關係等。毛澤東詩詞，是傳承和弘揚中華優秀傳統文化和革命文化，傳承和弘揚中華美學精神，體現中國作風和中國氣派的一個典型。
毛澤東有深厚的文化底蘊，又是詩詞大家。在他身上，文化自信和美學精神是互為一體的。他善於運用中國古典詩詞這種藝術形式，來反映中國革命和建設實踐，既實現了創作內容上的革命性突破，又在審美方式上繼承和發展了中國傳統。在創作素材上，他大量借用、化用中國曆史文化中的典故，並加以改造，從而使上古傳說中的共工觸不周山、嫦娥奔月，到近代革命家秋瑾、現代文學家魯迅的事跡和精神，在他的筆下都呈現出新的審美意義；在審美風格上，他欣賞以曹操為代表的建安風骨，以李白、李賀、李商隱為代表的浪漫詩風，以蘇軾、辛棄疾、陳亮為代表的豪放詞派，並把它們的風格融入到自己的作品中，實現創造性轉化；在作品的文化氣質上，他深受屈原、賈誼為代表的楚騷文化和明清實學、湖湘文化的影響；在詩詞格律的形式上，他主張從“古典加民歌”的途徑上去探索創新。這些，都比較具體地體現了毛澤東詩詞創作的文化氣象和美學精神，反映了他的創作同中華優秀文化的深刻聯係以及對傳統文化進行創造性轉化和創新性發展的自覺和努力。
提出傳承和弘揚中華文化及其美學精神，有一個怎樣看待五四運動以來創造和發展的現代中國文化及其美學精神的問題。事實上，五四新文化運動以來將近100年的探索和實踐，已經形成了一種新的文化傳統和美學精神。毛澤東稱魯迅的方向，是新文化運動的方向，是現代中國的文化革命的方向，是“中華民族新文化”的方向，已經點破這個題。何謂現當代中國文化傳統及其美學精神，是一個需要討論的大課題，但民族性、科學性和大眾性，是其中的應有之義。這樣的文化立場和美學精神具有主動性和創造性特點。毛澤東說：“自從中國人學會了馬克思列寧主義以後，中國人在精神上就由被動轉入主動。”在文藝美學方麵，中國人同樣實現了從被動到主動的轉變。毛澤東的詩詞，就是思想自覺和精神自覺的產物，並且體現為柳亞子說的“推倒曆史三千載，自鑄雄奇瑰麗詞”。
這裏涉及到如何借鑒現代西方各種各樣的文化資源和美學表達的問題。毫無疑問，從文藝發展規律的角度來講，任何既成的文化，隻要有用，隻要能夠有利於科學反映現實生活，都需要繼承和借鑒。由此，現代文藝有了話劇、電影、油畫、交響樂這些傳統文藝中沒有的藝術形式。但任何繼承和借鑒，都離不開當下的生活土壤，離不開傳統文化熏陶過程中形成的欣賞習慣，因而需要體現中國人自己的美學精神。它山之石當然可以攻玉，但人民在自己的文化傳統中喜歡的玉，卻不隻是靠它山之石就能夠打磨得像模像樣的。照搬現代西方的文化精神來進行創作而出現水土不服的情況，並不少見。所謂水土不服，原因在缺失應有的文化立場和美學精神。這樣，問題又回到了中國作風和中國氣派上麵，因為那裏麵有中國人對待生活的態度，思考問題的方式，反映現實生活的美學精神和在此基礎上形成的觀賞文藝作品的審美習慣。
觀照現實生活的精神和情懷
中華美學精神當中，既有現實主義的優秀傳統，也有浪漫主義的優秀傳統。習近平總書記在文藝工作座談會上的講話中倡導，要“用現實主義精神和浪漫主義情懷觀照現實生活”。這個提法，很容易讓我們想起毛澤東提倡過的革命現實主義和革命浪漫主義相結合的創作方法。“兩結合”當然不是一種硬性要求的創作方法，但它作為一個理論命題，卻是有價值的。這個命題，很長時間不提了，今天的年輕文藝家或許會感到陌生。但實踐證明，任何具有崇高美的，啟發人們向善向上的作品，事實上都是現實主義精神和浪漫主義情懷這兩樣東西結合得比較出色的作品。中國文藝傳統中這樣的例子比比皆是。屈原是浪漫主義，但他沒有遭讒去國、憂民愛國這種極為強烈的現實情懷和創作動機，也不會成就其浪漫主義的崇高和偉大。
杜甫是現實主義，並且寫出《三吏》《三別》這樣一些記錄現實的作品，但如果沒有“歎息腸內熱”“欲傾東海洗乾坤”“再使風俗淳”這樣一些理想主義的支撐，也不會成就其現實主義的崇高和偉大。
所謂現實主義精神，就是要直麵時代和實踐，以科學的態度和真實的筆觸去抒寫人民在特定曆史條件下的創造活動。所謂浪漫主義情懷，就是在現實中發掘出真善美，用光明驅散黑暗，用美善戰勝邪惡，給人民以奮進力量，讓人民看到光明未來。真正偉大的現實主義文藝家，對生活是不會喪失信心的，總是會在不盡人意的生活中，在入木三分的真實描寫中，想象著未來，進而給自己也給讀者一種可期待的東西，讓人看到前途。同樣，真正偉大的浪漫主義文藝家，絕不會隻仰望星空，而不低頭看看自己腳踩的大地，更不會忽發奇想地想象著能夠扯著自己的頭發離開地球。其想象的形式或許天馬行空，但這空間不會是自我陶醉自我封閉的內心世界，其精神思想的翅膀，總發端於並且借助於現實生活的支撐，背後依然是濃鬱的現實情結，表達著對現實生活難以割舍的關懷和態度。
毛澤東說，《金瓶梅》沒有傳開，不隻是因為它的淫穢，主要是它隻暴露，隻寫黑暗，雖然寫得不錯，但人們不愛看。這說明在逼近現實的創作中，以浪漫情懷給人以光明的力量，傳遞真善美和向上向善的價值觀，是多麽重要。
毛澤東的詩詞，是這方麵的典型。寫戰爭，寫戰場，如果看到的隻是硝煙，隻是鮮血，隻是屍體，隻是墳墓，那戰爭背後的東西就沒有了，作品的意義和價值便陷落了。在現實主義精神和浪漫主義情懷觀照下，戰爭場景的審美境界是這樣轉化出來的：“戰地黃花分外香”，“雄關漫道真如鐵，而今邁步從頭越”，“金沙水拍雲崖暖，大渡橋橫鐵索寒”。黨的十八大以來，習近平總書記在講話中20多次引用毛澤東詩詞中的名句。比如：他用“人間正道是滄桑”來表達道路自信，用“敢教日月換新天”來彰顯進取精神，用“亂雲飛渡仍從容”來揭示戰略定力，用“踏遍青山人未老，風景這邊獨好”來形容對美好未來的期許等。這不僅表明習近平對毛澤東詩詞的愛好和喜歡，也體現了毛澤東在創作中用現實主義精神和浪漫主義情懷來觀照生活，起到了超越時空的藝術效果，更說明既現實又浪漫的創作方法，是比較容易發現和展示真善美，傳播和激發正能量的。
回到“人民性”
文化自信和美學精神，還不是毛澤東詩詞和毛澤東的文藝觀最根本的支點，他的創作及其主張，最根本的支點是人民性的文化立場。
如果說，以現實主義精神和浪漫主義情懷觀照生活，是中華美學精神的方法論，那麽，人民性就是其價值觀，說到底就是一種文化立場。毛澤東始終強調結合新的時代條件來傳承和弘揚中華優秀傳統文化，前提是要回到我們並不陌生的“人民性”這個問題上麵，弄清楚哪些是中華傳統文化中的“優秀”的東西。
毛澤東曾經從中國教育史的角度，對傳統文化中的人民性做過集中概括。他說：“中國教育史有人民性的一麵。孔子的有教無類，孟子的民貴君輕，荀子的人定勝天，屈原的批判君惡，司馬遷的頌揚反抗，王充、範縝、柳宗元、張載、王夫之的古代唯物論，關漢卿、施耐庵、吳承恩、曹雪芹的民主文學，孫中山的民主革命，諸人情況不同，許多人並無教育專著，然而上舉那些，不能不影響對人民的教育，談中國教育史，應當提到他們。”這段概括，涉及傳統文化中的政治、哲學、文藝、教育多個方麵的人民性內容，雖不是專門就人民性這個理論問題進行闡發，但畢竟反映了毛澤東對傳統文化中的人民性的理解。
值得注意的是，毛澤東講傳統文學中的人民性，比較強調其“民主性”的一麵。對此，他還具體以屈原開創的騷體創作為例作為評價。他說：“騷體是有民主色彩的，屬於浪漫主義流派，對腐敗的統治者投以批判的匕首。屈原高居上遊。宋玉、景差、賈誼、枚乘略遜一籌，然亦甚有可喜之處。”再往下的騷體作品，毛澤東就不那麽滿意了：“後來‘七’體繁興，沒有一篇好的。《昭明文選》所收曹植《七啟》，張協《七命》，作招隱之詞，跟屈、宋、賈、枚唱反調，索然無味了”。看來，是否有民主性，有人民性，關鍵看作品的思想內容是否積極進取。空洞無物、華麗無情的形式主義，不能說是優秀的。毛澤東那樣重視傳統文化，生前親筆寫的最後一封私人信件是給文學史家劉大傑的，蓋緣於他對汲取中華優秀傳統文化的深切關注。
毛澤東詩詞中，處處彰顯著他的人民立場。比如：“喚起工農千百萬，同心幹”“收拾金甌一片，分田分地真忙”等。
社會主義文藝本質上是人民的文藝，因而提倡以人民為中心的創作導向。傳統文化中的人民性內容，可以成為傳統與現實相聯係的契合點。文藝作品通過藝術形象來影響、引導和感染人民，本質上屬於廣義上的人民性教育。中華文化有一個詩教傳統，就是通過學習和誦讀《唐詩三百首》這類作品，來傳承優秀文化，涵養修身立世的品格。說到底，這本身便是一種人民性的文化活動和文化傳承方式。習近平總書記2014年視察北京師範大學時，公開表示很不讚成把古代經典詩詞和散文從課本中去掉，就是重視這種詩教傳統，注重從中華優秀傳統文化中汲取精神營養的體現。
總的來說，體現中華美學精神的文藝，是人民需要的文藝，是有筋骨、有道德、有溫度的文藝。有筋骨，就是有思想力度，有信仰堅持；有道德，就是教人向上向善，樹立正確的價值觀；有溫度，就是情感價值取向上要有感染力。從這些角度來回看一下毛澤東的文化自信、文化立場和美學精神，是有益的。
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/p1GFRKYbcfiNcxSiQYSLiA
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((擇善固執-- I've read many classic books of thinkers and some of them were read many times. Still feel not much has changed in me by reading those books. In the end, we are who we are, and intentional molding and self-help are of little use. Personality determines fate, and personality is of 90% hereditary, so our fate and destiny were pretty much decided when we were born.
Sorry for being little pessimistic. ))
