[世界各民族節日]Hanukkah 光明節

光明節（希伯來語：חֲנֻכָּה‎或חנוכה‎），又稱修殿節、獻殿節、燭光節、馬加比節等，是一個猶太教節日。該節日乃紀念猶太人在馬加比家族的領導下，從敘利亞塞琉古王朝國王安條克四世手上奪回耶路撒冷，並重新將耶路撒冷第二聖殿獻給上帝。該節日自西元前165年開始為猶太教所信守，節期為猶太曆的基斯流月。

Hanukkah (Hebrew: חֲנֻכָּה, Tiberian: Ḥănukkāh, usually spelled חנוכה, pronounced [χanuˈka] in Modern Hebrew; a transliteration also romanized as Chanukah, Chanukkah or Chanuka), also known as the Festival of Lights, is an eight-day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple (the Second Temple) in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt of the 2nd century BCE. Hanukkah is observed for eight nights and days, starting on the 25th day of Kislev according to the Hebrew calendar, which may occur at any time from late November to late December in the Gregorian calendar.

The festival is observed by the kindling of the lights of a unique candelabrum, the nine-branched Menorah or Hanukiah, one additional light on each night of the holiday, progressing to eight on the final night. The typical Menorah consists of eight branches with an additional raised branch. The extra light is called a shamash (Hebrew: שמש‎, "attendant")^[1] and is given a distinct location, usually above or below the rest. The purpose of the shamash is to have a light available for use, as using the Hanukkah lights themselves is forbidden