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美國校車安全數據...(轉摘自美國購買者目錄)(我略做簡單翻譯)
School Bus Safety Data PDF Print E-mail
The following information from the National Academy of Sciences, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the school transportation industry reflect and represent safety data at a glance regarding yellow school buses and school transportation programs within the Unitied States.
About 480,000 yellow school buses provide transportation service daily nationwide.
每天大概有48萬校車在美國全國服務.
Approximately 26 million elementary and secondary school children ride school buses daily throughout the United States, twice a day.
美國大概有2600萬孩子每天乘坐校車, 每天兩次.
That\'s more than 52 million student trips daily -- before adding an estimated 5 million for daily extracurricular activity roundtrips.
每天大概有5200學生需要出門.
This equals more than 10 billion individual student rides, or 20 billion boardings and deboardings, annually, when you include the national estimate for activity trips, Head Start transportation, summer school and child care transportation.
每年學生大概100億人次坐車.
School buses travel approximately 4.4 billion miles each school year across the United States. To put this in perspective, the U.S. Department of Transportation publishes figures that show Americans drive nearly 3 trillion miles on U.S. highways each year.
每年,校車在美總行程達44億英裏.(70.8億公裏)
Approximately 53 percent of all K-12 students in the country ride yellow school buses.
大概有,53%的從學前班到初中孩子坐校車.
The average school bus transports 54 student passengers. An average of 1.5 students are transported per car if a school bus is not available. The number of cars needed to transport students currently riding on one school bus is 36. (Source: American School Bus Council.)
平均每輛車乘坐54名學生.
According to the National Safety Council, the national school bus accident rate is 0.01 per 100 million miles traveled, compared to 0.04 for trains, 0.06 for commercial aviation and 0.96 for other passenger vehicles.
平均, 每行駛1億英裏,(1.609億公裏)校車發生一次事故. 對比火車,4起事故, 其他商業運輸是6起事故, 其他私人轎車是96起每行駛1億英裏.
Therefore, the federal government considers school buses to be about nine times safer that other passenger vehicles during the normal school commute.
從而結論是, 正常的上學路上, 校車九倍安全於其他交通工具.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that 96 percent of the estimated 8,500 to 12,000 children injured in school bus accidents annually are considered minor (scrapes, bumps, bruises, etc.).
每年,校車上有8500-12000人次受傷, 但96%屬於輕微的傷. 如小劃破,小腫塊等.
NHTSA calculated that 4 percent of the school bus-related injuries to children -- about 350 to 475 annually -- are serious (i.e. broken bones or worse) based on the medical community\'s widely accepted AIS or Abbreviated Injury Scale.
每年, 有4%受傷屬於嚴重傷, 人次是350-475名. 例如骨折或更糟.
An average of six children are fatally injured inside school buses annually.
平均每年有六名兒童在校車內受到致命傷.
About 16 children are fatally injured as pedestrians in the loading & unloading zone around school buses annually. That\'s better than 200 percent improvement from 75 school bus fatalities in 1975; it is still not good enough.
平均16名兒童在上下車過程受到致命傷. 盡管這是大概200%好於1975年的75名數字, 但遠沒達到我們的要求還.
During the seven years between 1989 and 1996, 9,500 school-age children were killed during school hours while riding in all kinds of motor vehicles.
1989-1996的7年間, 一共有9500名學齡兒童在上學途中死亡於所有的交通工具上.
The federal government considers school buses to be about nine times safer that other passenger vehicles during the normal school commute.
According to data gathered for NHTSA\'s Fatal Analysis Reporting System, about 600 school age children are killed annually riding to and from school in motor vehicles other than school buses. These fatalities occur during school transport hours (7 to 9 a.m. and 3 to 5 p.m.), on school days (Monday through Friday) only, and during the typical 180 day school year, to children riding to and from school, mostly in automobiles.
每年大概有600名學生死亡在上學途中. (他們沒有乘坐校車, 而是使用其他交通工具).
More than $6 billion in state funding is spent each school year for all public school K-12 transportation.
每年國家有超過60億美元支出給全美的公立學校用於學前班到初中的學生交通費用.
America spends an average of $520 per regular ed child for transportation annually.
美國平均給每個正常孩子花費$520美元每年用於他們的上學交通.
America spends an average of $2,400 per special needs child for transportation annually.
美國平均給每個特殊需要的孩子花費$2400美元每年用於他們的上學交通.
Nearly 40,000 school buses were manufactured during the 12 months of the 2006-07 school year.
2006-2007的12個月內, 大概有接近4萬量校車產量.
350 pupil transportation delegates are appointed by the chief school officer in each state meet for a week-long conference once every five years to review and rewrite minimum standards and specifications for safe operation. The next National Congress on School Transportation is scheduled for May 2010 at the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Mo.
每5年, 各個學校首腦要參加至少一周長的座談會去重新審閱並重新製定最低安全準則.
Three-point lap/shoulder occupant restraint systems are required by federal regulation on all newly manufactured small school buses under 10,000 lbs., but only seven states mandate their use. As a matter of practice, however, all manufacturers of small school buses install lap/shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on their buses.
國家規定,任何新生產的低於1萬磅重的校車必須安裝3點位安全帶係統. (大概3-5輛小車的重量). 但隻有7個洲, 硬性規定必須使用安全帶. 但所有小型校車都安裝了安全帶. (學生自己想係是可以自己用的.)
Three states -- New York, New Jersey and Florida -- currently require two-point lap belts on large school buses over 10,000 pounds.
3個洲, 紐約, 紐哲西, 佛洲, 對超過1萬磅的車, 也要求至少有2點位安全帶係統.
New Jersey not only requires lap belt installation on new large school buses, students are required to use them. In New York, use is only required if the local school district adopts a policy mandating their use. At last count, about 25 of the 725 districts in the state have done so.
A law requiring lap belts is also active in Louisiana, but there has yet to be any appropriated funding for the restraint systems. Meanwhile, Texas has a law requiring 3-point lap/shoulder belts on all newly manufactured school buses by September of 2010, but the legislature has yet to pass the necessary funding to enforce it.
California is currently the only state in the nation to require three-point lap shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on large school buses. It also requires three-point lap shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on small school buses. Texas passed a law requiring the three-point restraints on all school buses by 2010, but implementation is based on final funding by the state legislature.
Great Britain requires lap belts on minivans used in youth transport, including school transport. The European Union has begun to require that coaches and minivans in member states be equipped with occupant restraint systems. Congress was debating mandatory lap/shoulder occupant restraint systems for the U.S. motorcoach industry.
Editor\'s note - Unless otherwise noted, data presented here is extrapolated from the annual STN Buyer\'s Guide that publishes state-submitted information.
School Bus Safety Data PDF Print E-mail
The following information from the National Academy of Sciences, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the school transportation industry reflect and represent safety data at a glance regarding yellow school buses and school transportation programs within the Unitied States.
About 480,000 yellow school buses provide transportation service daily nationwide.
每天大概有48萬校車在美國全國服務.
Approximately 26 million elementary and secondary school children ride school buses daily throughout the United States, twice a day.
美國大概有2600萬孩子每天乘坐校車, 每天兩次.
That\'s more than 52 million student trips daily -- before adding an estimated 5 million for daily extracurricular activity roundtrips.
每天大概有5200學生需要出門.
This equals more than 10 billion individual student rides, or 20 billion boardings and deboardings, annually, when you include the national estimate for activity trips, Head Start transportation, summer school and child care transportation.
每年學生大概100億人次坐車.
School buses travel approximately 4.4 billion miles each school year across the United States. To put this in perspective, the U.S. Department of Transportation publishes figures that show Americans drive nearly 3 trillion miles on U.S. highways each year.
每年,校車在美總行程達44億英裏.(70.8億公裏)
Approximately 53 percent of all K-12 students in the country ride yellow school buses.
大概有,53%的從學前班到初中孩子坐校車.
The average school bus transports 54 student passengers. An average of 1.5 students are transported per car if a school bus is not available. The number of cars needed to transport students currently riding on one school bus is 36. (Source: American School Bus Council.)
平均每輛車乘坐54名學生.
According to the National Safety Council, the national school bus accident rate is 0.01 per 100 million miles traveled, compared to 0.04 for trains, 0.06 for commercial aviation and 0.96 for other passenger vehicles.
平均, 每行駛1億英裏,(1.609億公裏)校車發生一次事故. 對比火車,4起事故, 其他商業運輸是6起事故, 其他私人轎車是96起每行駛1億英裏.
Therefore, the federal government considers school buses to be about nine times safer that other passenger vehicles during the normal school commute.
從而結論是, 正常的上學路上, 校車九倍安全於其他交通工具.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that 96 percent of the estimated 8,500 to 12,000 children injured in school bus accidents annually are considered minor (scrapes, bumps, bruises, etc.).
每年,校車上有8500-12000人次受傷, 但96%屬於輕微的傷. 如小劃破,小腫塊等.
NHTSA calculated that 4 percent of the school bus-related injuries to children -- about 350 to 475 annually -- are serious (i.e. broken bones or worse) based on the medical community\'s widely accepted AIS or Abbreviated Injury Scale.
每年, 有4%受傷屬於嚴重傷, 人次是350-475名. 例如骨折或更糟.
An average of six children are fatally injured inside school buses annually.
平均每年有六名兒童在校車內受到致命傷.
About 16 children are fatally injured as pedestrians in the loading & unloading zone around school buses annually. That\'s better than 200 percent improvement from 75 school bus fatalities in 1975; it is still not good enough.
平均16名兒童在上下車過程受到致命傷. 盡管這是大概200%好於1975年的75名數字, 但遠沒達到我們的要求還.
During the seven years between 1989 and 1996, 9,500 school-age children were killed during school hours while riding in all kinds of motor vehicles.
1989-1996的7年間, 一共有9500名學齡兒童在上學途中死亡於所有的交通工具上.
The federal government considers school buses to be about nine times safer that other passenger vehicles during the normal school commute.
According to data gathered for NHTSA\'s Fatal Analysis Reporting System, about 600 school age children are killed annually riding to and from school in motor vehicles other than school buses. These fatalities occur during school transport hours (7 to 9 a.m. and 3 to 5 p.m.), on school days (Monday through Friday) only, and during the typical 180 day school year, to children riding to and from school, mostly in automobiles.
每年大概有600名學生死亡在上學途中. (他們沒有乘坐校車, 而是使用其他交通工具).
More than $6 billion in state funding is spent each school year for all public school K-12 transportation.
每年國家有超過60億美元支出給全美的公立學校用於學前班到初中的學生交通費用.
America spends an average of $520 per regular ed child for transportation annually.
美國平均給每個正常孩子花費$520美元每年用於他們的上學交通.
America spends an average of $2,400 per special needs child for transportation annually.
美國平均給每個特殊需要的孩子花費$2400美元每年用於他們的上學交通.
Nearly 40,000 school buses were manufactured during the 12 months of the 2006-07 school year.
2006-2007的12個月內, 大概有接近4萬量校車產量.
350 pupil transportation delegates are appointed by the chief school officer in each state meet for a week-long conference once every five years to review and rewrite minimum standards and specifications for safe operation. The next National Congress on School Transportation is scheduled for May 2010 at the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Mo.
每5年, 各個學校首腦要參加至少一周長的座談會去重新審閱並重新製定最低安全準則.
Three-point lap/shoulder occupant restraint systems are required by federal regulation on all newly manufactured small school buses under 10,000 lbs., but only seven states mandate their use. As a matter of practice, however, all manufacturers of small school buses install lap/shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on their buses.
國家規定,任何新生產的低於1萬磅重的校車必須安裝3點位安全帶係統. (大概3-5輛小車的重量). 但隻有7個洲, 硬性規定必須使用安全帶. 但所有小型校車都安裝了安全帶. (學生自己想係是可以自己用的.)
Three states -- New York, New Jersey and Florida -- currently require two-point lap belts on large school buses over 10,000 pounds.
3個洲, 紐約, 紐哲西, 佛洲, 對超過1萬磅的車, 也要求至少有2點位安全帶係統.
New Jersey not only requires lap belt installation on new large school buses, students are required to use them. In New York, use is only required if the local school district adopts a policy mandating their use. At last count, about 25 of the 725 districts in the state have done so.
A law requiring lap belts is also active in Louisiana, but there has yet to be any appropriated funding for the restraint systems. Meanwhile, Texas has a law requiring 3-point lap/shoulder belts on all newly manufactured school buses by September of 2010, but the legislature has yet to pass the necessary funding to enforce it.
California is currently the only state in the nation to require three-point lap shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on large school buses. It also requires three-point lap shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on small school buses. Texas passed a law requiring the three-point restraints on all school buses by 2010, but implementation is based on final funding by the state legislature.
Great Britain requires lap belts on minivans used in youth transport, including school transport. The European Union has begun to require that coaches and minivans in member states be equipped with occupant restraint systems. Congress was debating mandatory lap/shoulder occupant restraint systems for the U.S. motorcoach industry.
Editor\'s note - Unless otherwise noted, data presented here is extrapolated from the annual STN Buyer\'s Guide that publishes state-submitted information.
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