Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
goddess(tile)
n. 女神
archaeologist
n. 考古學家
Aegean
adj. 愛玲海的
explore
v. 考察,勘探
promontory
n. 海角
prosperous
adj. (經濟上)繁榮的,昌盛的
civilization
n. 文明
storey
n. 樓層
drainage
n. 排水
worship
n. 祟拜
sacred
adj. 宗教的,神聖的
fragment
n. 碎片
remains
n. 遺物,遺跡,廢墟
classical
adj. (希臘和羅馬)古化的
reconstruct
v. 修複
rest
v. 倚放,放置
hip
n. 屁股,臀部
full-length
adj. (裙衣)拖地長的
graceful
adj. 優雅的
identity
n. 身份
參考譯文
不久之前,在愛琴海的基亞島上,考古工作者有一項有趣的發現。一個美國考古隊在阿伊亞.依裏尼海角的一座古城裏考察了一座廟宇。這座古城肯定一度很繁榮,因為它曾享有高度的文明,房子一般有3層樓高,用石塊修建。裏麵房間很大,牆壁裝飾華麗。城裏甚至還敷設了排水係統,因為在狹窄的街道底下發現了許許多多陶土製作的排水管道。
考古工作者考察的這座廟宇從公元前15世紀直到羅馬時代一直是祭祀祈禱的場所。在廟中最神聖的一間殿堂裏發現了15尊陶雕像的碎片。每一尊雕像代表一位女神,而且一度上過色。其中有一尊雕像,她的軀體是在公元前15世紀的曆史文物中發現的,而她那身異處的腦袋卻碰巧是在公元前5世紀的文物中找到的。她的腦袋一定是在古希臘羅馬時代就為人所發現,並受到精心的保護。卻使在當時,它也屬曆史悠久的珍奇之物。考古工作者把這些碎片重新拚裝起來後,驚奇地發現那位女神原來是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。她身高3英尺,雙手叉腰。身穿一條拖地長裙,盡管上了年紀,但體態確實優美。不過,考古工作者至今未能確定這位女神的身份。
New words and expression 生詞和短語
goddess(tile) n.女神
archaeologist n.考古學家
Aegean adj.愛琴海的
Explore v.考察,勘探
-- The archaeologists are exploring the cave.
exploration n.探險 / explorer n.探險家
promontory n.海角
prosperous adj. (經濟上)繁榮的,昌盛的
-- our finance is prosperous 我們的經濟非常的繁榮。(Finance n.財政, 金融)
thriving adj.昌盛的,興旺的 -- thriving business
booming adj.蓬勃的,景氣的 -- a booming market繁榮的市場
flourishing adj.繁茂的,健康的
-- Those plants are flourishing. 那些植物長得茂盛。
civilization n. 文明 / civilize vt.使開化, 使文明
-- high level of civilization 高度文明
storey n.樓層 (story的變體)
drainage n.排水
worship n.v.祟拜 / respect vt.尊敬, 尊重 / admire v.讚美, 欽佩, 羨慕
-- Who do you worship in the world?
Warship n.軍艦, 戰船
Sacred adj.宗教的, 神聖的
-- sacred music 聖樂 / sacred promise 神聖的諾言
Holy adj. 神聖的, 聖潔的
-- a holy person. 聖潔的人 / a holy place. 神聖的地方
Solemn adj. 莊嚴的, 莊重的
-- a solemn face 嚴肅的麵孔 / a solemn ceremony 隆重的儀式
Fragment n.碎片
Remains n.遺物,遺跡,廢墟
Classical adj.(希臘和羅馬)古文化的(即傳統的);文科的, 人文科學的
-- classical music 古典音樂 / classical education 人文科學教育
Classic adj. 第一流的, 標準的, 著名的, 典型的
-- This is the classic example of love at the first sight.
Classic n.傑作, 經典之作
-- That joke's a classic; it really is funny. "這個笑話確屬一流,真是妙趣橫生。"
Reconstruct v.修複 (Re --重新, 再次)
Construct vt.構造, 建造, 組織(通過裝配或組合部件而構成)
-- construct a sentence / construct a broken statuary(n.雕象)
-- build a house 造建築物 / put up a tent
construction n.建設, 建造
constructive adj.有教育意義的
constructor n.建造者, 建設者
erect vt.蓋, 使豎立, 使直立(build high buildings)
-- erect a monument 建造紀念碑 / erect a clock tower 建造鍾樓
setup / establish / found 建立
-- setup students' union 學生會 (union n.聯盟, 協會)
-- establish a school / establish a rule 設立一條規則
-- found a country 建立一個國家
Rest v.倚放, 放置
Hip n.屁股, 臀部
Hip n. [口]在服用興奮劑、宗教信仰方麵趕時髦的人;消息靈通人士;
adj.通曉的,見聞廣的
-- Mary is a real hip. 瑪麗是個愛趕時髦的人。
-- The guy isn't a hip. 這家夥什麽都不懂。
Joined at the hip 表示交情極厚的
-- These two are joined at the hip.
shoot from the hip 信口開河
-- Sorry, I said that I shouldn't have shot from the hip.
full-length adj.(裙衣)拖地長的, 全長的, 全身的
-- a full-length dress 拽地長裙
full-grown adj.生長完全的, 發育完全的
full time n.專職, 全部時間
graceful adj.優雅的
-- a graceful lady
elegant adj.優雅的(舉止) -- an elegant gentleman. 舉止文雅的紳士
identity n. 身份
ancient adj.遠古的, 舊的
decorate vt.裝飾;點綴
clay n.粘土, 泥土
Roman adj.羅馬的, 羅馬人的 n.羅馬人
Rome n.羅馬(意大利首都)
Indeed adv.真正地, (加強語氣)確實
Text 課文
How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?
Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island
of Kea.
some time 1>經過若幹時間 2>在未來的某時
sometime adv.在某一時候, 曾經, 有一天
sometimes adv.不時, 有時
中文習慣用主動語態。
英文習慣用被動語態。以事件、結果、影響、效果為主語,強調對客觀事實的陳述。
An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of
Ayia Irini.
which引導定語從句,修飾限定temple。(which = that)
stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位於
= situate(及物) 使位於, 使處於
= locate(及物) 使...坐落於, 位於
which stands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in...
Stand 1 >身高 2>表示高高坐落於, 矗立於
-- She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75米
-- A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大樹豎立在山上。
The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
for 引導原因狀語從句:對主句的附加說明和解釋,提供更多的信息。
because 引導原因狀語從句:強調原因。
-- The day broke for the birds were singing.
at one time 表達曾經, 一度(過去時態的標誌, = once)
must have been 對過去事實肯定的推測
enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明
Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with
beautifully decorated walls.
With… 具有…
-- a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hair
beautifully decorated 過去分詞做定語
-- a beautifully dressed lady 衣著漂亮的女士
-- a deserted car park 廢棄的停車場
-- a white painted door 被刷成白色的門
現在分詞做定語, 被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為邏輯主動關係
-- a boy climbing the tree 正在爬樹的男孩
-- the students reading in the room 正在房間裏讀書的學生
The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found
beneath the narrow streets.
be equipped with 配備, 裝備 (equip vt.裝備, 配備)
air conditioning 空氣調節裝置 / air conditioner 空氣調節機, 空調設備
-- The car was equipped with air conditioning.
for 引導原因狀語從句
在正下方:Beneath = under
-- beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets
-- He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.
在進行中:隻能用under
-- under control 控製之中 / under discussion 討論之中 / under repairs修理之中
below 在下方(強調在斜下方)
-- She is sitting below the window
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the
fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.
be used as / be used to be 把…用作為
-- The box was used as a desk in the small village school.
-- The wooden box was used as a bookcase.
be used to do 被用來做…
-- The wooden box is used to contain books
In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.
Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.
represent vt.代表
-- I represent all the classmates.
The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
dating 現在分詞, 修飾remains
date from = date back to (開始於…, 起始於…)
-- The custom dating from 1990. (custom n.習慣, 風俗)
-- The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.
-- The castle dates from the 14th century. = The castle dates back to the 14th century.
城堡建造於14世紀
Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.
happen to 偶然, 碰巧(強調事情的偶然發生)
-- I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧開過那種車。
-- He happened to find the ticket in his pocket.
It happens that +從句
-- It happened that I met her on my way to work.
= I happened to meet her on my way work.
happen on 碰巧碰上
-- I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer.
我偶然的在抽屜的背麵發現了這張舊照片。
-- Guess, who did I happen on while I was in London last month?
This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved.
It was very old and precious even then.
When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the
goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.
Reconstruct = put together, piece together, restore(vt.恢複, 使回複)
Amazed = very much surprised
surprised > astonished > amazed > astounded 感到驚訝(語氣遞增)
to find... / to discover... / to realize... / to see…
-- I'm not surprised to see you here
1> turn out…(表示結果)結果是, 原來是 (= prove, 都表示係動詞)
turn out (to be)+ n./adj.
-- The concert turned out to be a failure.
-- Our party turned out (to be) a success. 我們的聚會非常的成功。
2> It turned out + that從句 (it作形式主語)
It turned out +其它名詞從句
-- It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time.
原來鑽石一直都在銀行裏保存著。
-- It turned out that his statement was false. 原來他的話是假的。
3> as it turns out… 後來人們發現…
-- As it turned out, there was no need to worry. 後來人們發現, 沒有必要擔心。
-- As it turned out, the report was mistaken. 後來人們發現, 報告被弄錯了
She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.
rest on v.被擱在, 停留在, 信賴
= depend on(依靠, 依賴)/ lean on(靠著)
-- His hand rested lightly on my shoulder
She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.
which swept the ground 近一步說明拖地的,拽地的
Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been
unable to discover her identity.
But, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
= It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now.
Despite = in spite of (兩者都是介詞),後麵+ 名詞/動名詞
so far, up to now 完成時的標誌
discover her identity = find out her identity
Multiple choice questions 多項選擇
1... D 'Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.'
2... D be employed in 被應用在...方麵
this is confirmed by the fact that 引導同位語從句,補充說明fact的內容
3... A in doing sth 在...方麵
4... D prosperity n.繁榮(不可數)
know 1>知道, 認識
2>(文學用語)經曆過, 曾經有過(= experience, 比experience更加正式)
-- He knew poverty in his early days. 他早年有過痛苦的經曆
5... B since:自從 (主幹的時態為現在完成時)
6... C
to one's surprise 使某人感到驚訝的是
在句中可做獨立的狀語, 句子的主語不必是某個人
-- To my great disappointment the train had already left
with surprise 驚訝地 (With satisfaction/delight/dismay)
必須與行為動詞連用, 句子的主語必須是某個人
-- He smoked his last cigarette with satisfaction.
-- He went home with dismay.
-- To our dismay the party proved to be a failure.
7... B despite = in spite of (可以和名詞、代詞、動名詞搭配)
8… B so far:現在完成時的標誌
如果用possible/impossible, 就要采用形勢主語it
-- So far, it has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity.
9... A Holy adj. 神聖的, 聖潔的
religious 宗教的 / frightening 令人害怕的 / colourful 豐富多彩的
10... D in good condition情況良好 = in good state
well done 側重強調做得好
conserve vt.保存, 保藏 (= keep from being wasted, damaged, lost, destroyed)
“不用盡或耗盡某物,保留”
-- Conserve your energy you needed. (energy n.精力, 精神)
你該養精蓄銳,你回用得上的。
-- We must conserve our forest.
maintain vt.維持, 維修 -- 通過修繕保養, 不使...破損(強調動作的過程)
11... B turn out = prove, 都表示係動詞
resolve vt,vi決定 vt.(使)分解, 溶解
-- He resolved on going out. 他決定出去。
12... B
so far = until now, up till now
beforehand (adv.預先) = in advance (adv.預先)
at this distance of/in time 時隔已久
-- I can hardly remember him at this distance of time. 時隔這麽久, 我幾乎想不起來他了。