新概念美音版第四冊 Lesson 48 Planning a share portfolio 規劃股份投資

 

Lesson 48 Planning a share portfolio 規劃股份投資

First listen and then answer the following question.

聽錄音，然後回答以下問題。

How does the older investor differ in his approach to investment from the younger investor?

    There is no shortage of tipsters around offering 'get-rich-quick' opportunities. But if you are a serious private investor, leave the Las Vegas mentality to those with money to fritter. The serious investor needs a proper 'portfolio' -- a well-planned selection of investments, with a definite structure and a clear aim. But exactly how does a newcomer to the stock market go about achieving that?
 
    Well, if you go to five reputable stock brokers and ask them what you should do with your money, you're likely to get five different answers, -- even if you give all the relevant information about your age age, family, finances and what you want from your investments. Moral? There is no one 'right' way to structure a portfolio. However, there are undoubtedly some wrong ways, and you can be sure that none of our five advisers would have suggested sinking all (or perhaps any) of your money into Periwigs*.
 
    So what should you do? We'll assume that you have sorted out the basics -- like mortgages, pensions, insurance and access to sufficient cash reserves. You should then establish your own individual aims. These are partly a matter of personal circumstances, partly a matter of psychology.
 
    For instance, if you are older you have less time to recover from any major losses, and you may well wish to boost your pension income. So preserving your capital and generating extra income are your main priorities. In this case, you'd probably construct a portfolio with some shares (but not high risk ones), along with gilts, cash deposits, and perhaps convertibles or the income shares of split capital investment trusts.
 
    If you are younger, and in  a solid financial position, you may decide to take an aggressive approach -- but only if you're blessed with a sanguine disposition and won't suffer sleepless nights over share prices. If you recognize yourself in this descrip*tion, you might include a couple of heady growth stocks in your portfolio, alongside your more pedestrian in vestments. Once you have decided on your investment aims, you can then decide where to put your money. The golden rule here is spread your risk -- if you put all of your money into Periwigs International, you're setting yourself up as a hostage to fortune.

*'Periwigs' is the name of a fictitious company.
 
                          INVESTOR'S CHRONICLE, March 23 1990

New words and expressions 生詞和短語
 
    portfolio
n.  投資組合
    tipster
n.  （以提供證券投機等內部消息為主的）情報販子
    Las Vegas
n.  拉斯韋加斯
    fritter
v.  揮霍，浪費
    reputable
n.  享有聲望的
    broker
n.  經紀人
    finance
n.  資金，財源
    mortgage
n.  抵押貸款
    pension
n.  養老金
    priority
n.  優先權
    gilt
n.  金邊證券（高度可靠的證券）
    convertible
n.  可換證券
    sanguine
adj. 樂觀的
    heady
adj. 令人陶醉的
    alongside
prep. 在……旁邊，和……一起
    pedestrian
adj. 平淡無奇的，乏味的

參考譯文
 
    我們周圍不乏情報販子，向人們提供迅速發財致富的機遇。但是，如果你是一個認真的私人投資者，就把拉斯韋加斯的心態留給那些有錢可供揮霍的人。認真的投資者需要一份正規的投資組合表 -- 一種計劃很周密的投資選擇，包括你的投資結構和明確的目標。但是, 一個股票市場的新手又如何能做到這一點呢？
 
    如果你去向5位有威望的股票經紀人谘詢，詢問你應該如何使用你的資金，你可能得到5種不同的答複，即便你提供了有關於你的年齡、家庭、財源和你想從投資中獲得好處的信息。這是個道德問題嗎？沒有一種完全“正確”的方法來排列這種投資組合，然而，卻毫無疑問地有幾種錯誤的方法。可以相信5位經紀人中不會有人建議你把全部（或一部份）資金投入佩裏威格斯公司。
 
    那麽你該怎麽做呢？我們假定你已把基本情況弄清楚了，如抵押貸款、養老金、保險金和動用現金儲備的機會。然後，你一定要建立起自己的目標。這裏一方麵是個所處的環境，另一方麵是個心理學的問題。
 
    比如說，如果你年紀較大，你從重大投資損失中恢複過來的時間就較少，你就很希望能夠提高你的養老金收入。因此，你的首要任務就是保護你的資金和引發額外的收入。在這種情況下，你大概想製定一份包括某些股份（但不是風險很大的股份）的投資組合，同時還有高度可靠的證券、現金儲蓄，可能還有可換證券，或分割資本投資信托公司的所得股。
 
    如果你年輕一些，並且經濟狀況可靠，你可能會采取一種積極進取的方式 -- 你必須性格開朗，不會因股票價格的浮動而夜不能眠。如果你覺得你的情況是這樣的話，你可在投資組合中包括幾項有令人陶醉的增值前景的增長股，和其他比較平淡的投資項目放在一起。一旦你的投資組合中包括幾項有令人陶醉的增值前景的增長股，和其他比較平淡的投資項目放在一起。一旦你的投資目標確立以後，你就可以決定你的錢投向何處。這裏的指導原則是：分散你的投資風險。如果你把所有資金投入佩裏威格斯國際公司，你就把自己當成了命運的人質。