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[美語論壇]：http://bbs.wenxuecity.com/mysj/
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Whether you are a coffee or tea drinker, let it cool a bit before enjoying.
Hot Drinks Linked to Cancer （ZT）喝熱飲料可能致癌
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
Next time you make yourself a hot cup of tea or coffee, you might want to let it cool down a bit before drinking.
Researchers say letting your hot drinks cool off could help you avoid some kinds of cancer.
In fact, the United Nations’ cancer research agency decided to list hot drinks with lead, gasoline and exhaust fumes as "possibly carcinogenic." In other words, each one could cause cancer.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is part of the World Health Organization (WHO). The IARC published the findings in the medical journal Lancet Oncology.
Researchers at IARC found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65 degrees Celsius, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus.
The researchers examined findings from other studies where tea and coffee were often served at 70 degrees Celsius or above. Those studies were completed in Iran, China and South America.
In developed countries, health experts have linked esophageal cancer to smoking and alcoholic drinks. However, this form of cancer is more common in areas where people drink beverages at very high temperatures.
In Europe and the United States, many people drink coffee and tea at temperatures around 60 degrees Celsius. And they often add milk which lowers the temperature considerably.
However, tea-drinkers in Iran and maté-drinkers in South America often enjoy their beverages at closer to 70 degrees Celsius. Maté is a tea-like brew made by steeping the leaves of the yerba mate plant in near-boiling water.
The researchers note that South Americans not only drink their maté very hot, they also drink it through a metal straw. This sends the scalding liquid directly into the throat.
The findings, however, are good news for coffee drinkers.
In 1991, the World Health Organization listed coffee as “possibly carcinogenic.” WHO officials have since changed their position on that listing. They now suggest that the temperature of your hot drink is a greater risk factor than the actual drink itself.
Christopher Wild is the director of the IARC. When he spoke with the AFP news agency, he said the results "suggest that drinking very hot beverages is one probable cause of esophageal cancer and that it is the temperature, rather than the drinks themselves, that appears to be responsible."
The National Coffee Association called the change "great news for coffee drinkers."
But how common is esophageal cancer? Worldwide, it is the eighth most common cancer. Cancer of the esophagus killed about 400,000 people in 2012.
I’m Anna Matteo.
Anna Matteo adapted this story for Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
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Words and Their Stories
brew – n. a cup or mug of tea or coffee.
beverage – n. something you can drink : a liquid for drinking
steep – v. to soak in a liquid at a temperature under the boiling point (as for softening, bleaching, or extracting an essence)
maté – n. a tealike beverage drunk especially in South America
scalding – adj. very hot
gasoline – n. a liquid made from petroleum and used especially as a fuel for engines
exhaust fumes – n. the mixture of gases produced by an engine
carcinogenic – adj. medical : a substance that can cause cancer
esophageal – adj. medical : the tube that leads from the mouth through the throat to the stomach
factor – n. something that helps produce or influence a result : one of the things that cause something to happen
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From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
這是來自《美國之音英語學習》健康和生活的報道。
Next time you make yourself a hot cup of tea or coffee, you might want to let it cool down a bit before drinking.
下次你喝熱茶或咖啡時，你可得先讓它冷卻一點再喝。
Researchers say letting your hot drinks cool off could help you avoid some kinds of cancer.
研究人員說，讓你的熱飲料涼一點再喝，可以讓你避免一些癌症。
In fact, the United Nations’ cancer research agency decided to list hot drinks with lead, gasoline and exhaust fumes as "possibly carcinogenic." In other words, each one could cause cancer.
事實上，聯合國的癌症研究機構決定將含有鉛，汽油和廢氣的熱飲料列為“可能致癌”。換句話說，這幾種都可能導致癌症。
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is part of the World Health Organization (WHO). The IARC published the findings in the medical journal Lancet Oncology.
國際癌症研究機構（IARC）是世界衛生組織（WHO）的一部分。國際癌症研究機構在醫學雜誌“柳葉刀腫瘤學”上發表了研究結果。
Researchers at IARC found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65 degrees Celsius, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus.
IARC的研究人員發現，當飲料溫度超過65攝氏度時，吞咽時，會導致食管癌。
The researchers examined findings from other studies where tea and coffee were often served at 70 degrees Celsius or above. Those studies were completed in Iran, China and South America.
研究人員在伊朗，中國和南美的研究發現，茶和咖啡經常在70攝氏度或以上。
In developed countries, health experts have linked esophageal cancer to smoking and alcoholic drinks. However, this form of cancer is more common in areas where people drink beverages at very high temperatures.
在發達國家，衛生專家將食管癌與吸煙和含有酒精飲料聯係起來。然而，這種形式的癌症人們在非常高的溫度下飲料的地方更常見。
In Europe and the United States, many people drink coffee and tea at temperatures around 60 degrees Celsius. And they often add milk which lowers the temperature considerably.
在歐洲和美國，許多人在約60攝氏度的溫度下喝咖啡和茶。他們經常添加牛奶，大大降低溫度。
However, tea-drinkers in Iran and maté-drinkers in South America often enjoy their beverages at closer to 70 degrees Celsius. Maté is a tea-like brew made by steeping the leaves of the yerba mate plant in near-boiling water.
然而，伊朗的茶飲者和南美洲的飲用者經常在接近70攝氏度時享用飲料。 Maté是通過在近沸水中浸泡巴拉圭茶植物的葉子製成的茶樣釀造。
The researchers note that South Americans not only drink their maté very hot, they also drink it through a metal straw. This sends the scalding liquid directly into the throat.
研究人員注意到，南美洲人不僅喝他們的飲料非常熱，他們也喝通過金屬吸管。這將燙傷液直接送入喉嚨。
The findings, however, are good news for coffee drinkers.
然而，這些發現對於咖啡飲用者來說是個好消息。
In 1991, the World Health Organization listed coffee as “possibly carcinogenic.” WHO officials have since changed their position on that listing. They now suggest that the temperature of your hot drink is a greater risk factor than the actual drink itself.
1991年，世界衛生組織將咖啡列為“可能致癌”。世衛組織官員隨後改變了對這一列名的立場。他們現在認為你的熱飲料的溫度比實際飲料本身的風險因素更大。
Christopher Wild is the director of the IARC. When he spoke with the AFP news agency, he said the results "suggest that drinking very hot beverages is one probable cause of esophageal cancer and that it is the temperature, rather than the drinks themselves, that appears to be responsible."
克理斯夫 維特是IARC的主管。當他與AFP通訊社談話時，他說結果“表明，喝非常熱的飲料是食管癌的一個可能的原因，是溫度，而不是飲料本身。”
The National Coffee Association called the change "great news for coffee drinkers."
國家咖啡協會稱之為“咖啡飲用者的好消息”。
But how common is esophageal cancer? Worldwide, it is the eighth most common cancer. Cancer of the esophagus killed about 400,000 people in 2012.
但是食管癌有多常見？在世界範圍內，它是第八大最常見的癌症。 2012年約40萬人死於食管癌。
