徐文立：把中國和平地改變為自由民主的共和國才是中國也是美國21世紀的最高國家利益—2005年10月6日在布朗大學西部校友會上的演

徐文立：把中國和平地改變為自由民主的共和國才是中國也是美國21世紀的最高國家利益—2005年10月6日在布朗大學西部校友會上的演講

晚上好！

   謝謝你們邀請我今天來這裏演講。

   我演講一般不喜歡事先準備好演講稿，這可能是我與生俱來的壞習慣，比較偷懶；也可能是與我的特殊的人生經曆有一定關係。我兩次坐牢的十六年中除了每月寫一次信之外，我有十三年的時間身邊沒有筆和紙，朋友們可以想象，這對於一個知識分子來說是多麽痛苦的事情，這可能也就練就了我習慣把自己的語言和思想寫在我的心版上。可是今天我不敢，因為我知道今天與會的諸位女士、先生們都是最優秀的布朗人、或最著名的百人會賢達、也都是美國的成功人士。所以，我這次把自己當成參加一次考試的學生，而特地準備好了演講稿。 

    盡管，我知道你們大都是老布朗或熟悉布朗大學的人，對於布朗大學的校園比我熟悉得多，但是我還是要告訴諸位，那位憨態可踘的布朗大學特有的棕色的大銅熊，依然注視和護佑著我們的校園；綠茵茵的校園草地上，布朗的少男少女們依然或臥、或坐地在那裏讀書、談笑、曬太陽、談情說愛……。

   但是，布朗大學的莘莘學子更關注重大的社會問題，譬如布朗大學沃森國際研究所的學生和學生組織就正籌劃今年11月8—13日在布朗大學沃森國際研究所召開“中美台和平論壇”，這表明布朗大學的學生是極其敏銳和智慧的，因為我認為，未來的二十年間沒有比中美台的關係更重大的區域關係了，這樣重大的社會問題被我們布朗大學沃森國際研究所的同學們抓住了。

   今天，我們來到了舊金山。顧名思義，以中文的意思，這裏有一座古老的金子堆成的山。早年，我的中國同胞就不遠萬裏來到這裏“淘金”；當今依然有我的許許多多的中國同胞在這裏“淘金”，今天舊金山的“金山”就是世界聞名的“矽穀”。

   正如你們所知道的，舊金山也是發生過許多重大政治事件的著名城市，她有最多的我的中國同胞在這裏居住。所以，這裏是談論中美關係最恰當的地方。

    正如你們所知道的，六十年前，世界各國包括當時的中華民國，在這裏莊嚴地簽署了聯合國憲章，人類社會開始了新的紀元。

    遺憾的是，不久就開始了冷戰時期。

   當時，前蘇聯這個帝國構成了對美國和世界和平的巨大威脅和挑戰。

   令人敬佩的是裏根總統，和當時的國務卿喬治•舒爾茨（George Schulz）先生二十年前也是在舊金山，明智地提出了瓦解蘇聯的戰略，這就是後來的簡單而卓有成效的“裏根主義”的雛形——旗幟鮮明地反對共產專製，巧妙地用所謂的“星球大戰計劃”拖垮了前蘇聯的專製政權。

   1985年2月22日，舒爾茨前國務卿在舊金山的共和黨俱樂部發表了著名的演講，他明智地指出：“總的來說，我們有必要很堅定地保衛我們的民主的原則和自由的價值觀，我們有必要很堅定地幫助各國人民爭取他們的自由權利，放棄這些就是不體麵地出賣，同時也是出賣我們自身的高尚的理想。”

   此後僅四年柏林牆坍塌了，前蘇聯隨之崩潰。世界的政治格局朝著有利於全球民主化的方向發展。

   但是，“911”的恐怖襲擊發生之後，世界上的極端恐怖主義在阻礙著全球民主化的進程，極大地幹擾著美國為推進世界民主化所作出的努力。

   就在世界民主力量這個困難時期，中共政府憑借經濟有所發展，外匯儲備有所增加，但是國內因喪失了高尚的道德追求，兩極分化越來越加劇，銀行呆帳、壞帳越來越嚴重，貪汙腐敗越來越猖獗，國內社會矛盾越來越尖銳的情況下，中共不斷地煽動民族主義情緒，企圖以此轉移日益加劇的國內矛盾；並不斷以它一手製造的和它暗中策劃的“北朝鮮核危機”，來誘惑、左右美國政府，以破壞美國的全球戰略，以減輕美國和世界民主國家對它的人權壓力。

   更有甚者，最近他們放出了一個核瘋子——朱成虎，向美國發出了核大戰的威脅。

   今年7月14日“香港明天更好基金會”，在由中國外交部專門安排的外國記者招待會上，中國人民解放軍國防大學防務學院院長朱成虎少將對外國記者公開地說：如果華盛頓軍事介入台海衝突，中國可以主動地向美國幾百個城市發動核攻擊，“中國人已做好西安以東城市全數遭到摧毀的準備，當然，美國也必須做好準備，美國西岸一百多個或二百多個、甚至更多的城市可能被中國摧毀。”

   一個未經證實的朱成虎7月6日在國防大學的內部講話，就更加露骨和瘋狂。

   中國政府7月16日拒絕收回朱成虎7月14日的說詞，但是對這番言論進行淡化處理。中國外交部發言人表示，朱成虎的講話反映的是他個人的觀點，可是外交部拒絕澄清是否這也代表了中國政府的立場。

    

   這是一個令人毛骨悚然的反人類、反一切生靈的罪惡的核大戰計劃。

   這種罪惡的核大戰的計劃，並非隻是狂人誑話，不值得人們重視和警惕。因為曆史證明，有權力的瘋子是有可能把瘋子的計劃變為現實的，希特勒就曾經作到了這一點。

   五十年前，毛澤東曾經說過，核戰爭沒有什麽可怕，中國（當時）有六億人口，大不了死三億人，還有三億人。

   1950年毛澤東、斯大林和金日成發動的韓戰，六十年代至七十年代毛澤東幫助的越戰，讓許許多多美國青年人喪生在沙場。

   1960－1962年，毛澤東一手製造的饑荒，三年就餓死了三千萬以上的中國人。

   1996年，中國軍隊的副總參謀長熊光楷也曾向美國人民發出過核威脅，他說，小心你們的洛杉磯，而不是台北。

   

   一般的人往往會被中共政權的假相所迷惑，因為善良的人們並不知道中國共產黨是一個以中共軍隊為核心的黨，中共軍隊隻屬於中國共產黨，並不屬於中國這個國家；中共軍隊是名副其實的中國共產黨的軍隊，它不是中國國家的軍隊。

   不應該把中共軍隊稱為中國軍隊，就像當年德國的黨衛軍，隻是屬於希特勒的法西斯政黨，並不屬於德國國家。中共軍隊就更是如此，因為它表麵上實行什麽隻允許“黨指揮槍”，不允許“槍指揮黨”。然而實質上，隻有掌握了中共軍隊這個“槍杆子”的這個中國共產黨的領導人，才有可能指揮中國共產黨。不容許“槍指揮黨”，隻是專用來管黨的最高領導人以下的其他軍事領導人的。

   現在，中共軍隊的最高領導人、也就是他們的黨的最高領導人——胡錦濤，他一再表示要向北朝鮮的金正日和古巴的卡斯特羅學習，放縱和披露朱成虎這樣的對美國的核大戰的戰爭威脅，不能不讓我們保持高度的警覺。

   更何況，舊金山正是熊光楷、朱成虎們威脅要用核武器摧毀掉的美國西岸一百多個或二百多個城市的中心又中心的地帶，更不能不讓我們保持高度的警覺。

   固然，世界性的恐怖主義是當前對美國的最大挑戰。

   但是，潛在的更大的恐怖主義，和對美國和美國人民的最大威脅其實是中共的專製政權和他們的擁有洲際核導彈的武裝力量。

   我們有理由在這裏發出：學習裏根、舒爾茨先生，再用一個聰明的方法幫助中國和平地改變，把中國和平地改變成為一個自由、民主、共和的國家。

   隻有這樣，才有可能如同消除前蘇聯對於美國所構成的最大威脅一樣的，消除中共專製政權這個潛在的對美國的最大威脅。 

   所以，我今天演講的主題就是，隻有幫助中國和平地成為一個自由民主的國家，才是中國和中國人民，也是美國和美國人民二十一世紀的最大的國家利益之所在。

   然而，能夠做到這一點，最簡便而又最省錢的辦法就是，支持和幫助中國公開的、和平的、理性的、健康的、富有建設性的、忠誠的反對力量和反對黨，這要比中美發生軍事衝突，美國和美國人民每天可能要花幾億美元，同時要犧牲不知多少美國年輕人的生命要劃算得多。

   我2003年在布朗大學沃森國際研究所的同仁們和同學們的幫助下，成立了“關注中國中心”，該中心準備研究中國和平轉型的問題、新的民主共和國的憲法研究和起草的工作、為民主製度下的中國準備的“公民課本”的編纂等等、等等，也包括策劃“中美台和平論壇”、“中國問題智庫”、我的“為了中國、走遍美國”、建立中國民主黨的海外網站、關心中國孤兒、營救在獄中的中國民主黨人和其他良心犯、幫助出獄的異議人士和他們的親屬……等等、等等。

   我知道，你們都是美國的成功人士，恐怕都是晚上12點也睡不了覺的人，你們肯定也知道，深夜12點以後睡下，淩晨4點、6點被電話叫醒的滋味，我在美國常遇到這樣的事情，我的那些依然堅持在中國大陸從事自由民主事業的同仁們需要我各個方麵的幫助。所以，我也需要你們的支持和幫助。

   我和我的祖國都需要你們的支持和幫助，有了你們的支持和幫助，中國的前景才是美好的，中美關係的前景才是美好的。

   謝謝大家!

   下麵，我願意回答你們的問題。

   10.06.05

   Helping China Peacefully Transform into a Free, Democratic Republic Will Provide the Greatest Benefit to America in the 21st Century

   Delivered by Xu Wenli Ph.D.

   Senior Fellow, Brown University Watson Institute of International Studies 

   translated by Joel Dietz, Nadav Katz, and Harry Rothschild

   Thank you for inviting me here to speak today.

    When I speak, I usually don’t like to prepare a manuscript. Perhaps this is just another bad habit of mine – I am a bit lazy. Or maybe it is because of some of the unique experiences of my life. During the two times I was imprisoned, a total of 16 years, besides the ability to write one letter a month, I had thirteen years without pen and paper by my side. As my friends can imagine, this is quite difficult for someone with intellectual tendencies. It is possible experiences like these have forced me to put aside paper and make a habit of storing my deepest thoughts within my heart. 

   But I knew that today’s entire assembly of ladies and gentlemen is composed entirely of outstanding Brunonians and esteemed members of the Committee of 100 -- all highly successful Americans. So, I’ve felt like a student myself, attending a test, and I have specially prepared a manuscript. 

   That notwithstanding, I know that as old Brunonians, people familiar with Brown, you all know Brown’s campus better than I. And so I must reassure each of you: Fear not! That unique feature of Brown – that silly-looking, large copper-colored bear still watches and protects our campus. On the quads, Brown University’s young men and women lay or sit on the thick carpet of green grass. There, as ever, they read, talk, laugh, bask in the sun, and whisper words of love.

    But many of Brown’s diligent students are deeply preoccupied with issues critical to our society. For example, students from Brown University’s Watson Institute plan to convene “Strait Talk”, a three-way symposium involving China, Taiwan, and the US on November 8 to November 13. This shows the special foresight and mental acuity of Brown’s students, because I believe in the next twenty years no relationship worldwide will be more important than that between the US, China and Taiwan. This sort of great societal problem has been acknowledged and addressed by the students of Brown’s Watson Institute.

   ***

   Today, we have come to San Francisco. Just as the Chinese name for San Francisco, “Old Gold Mountain,” implies, here is one great mountain piled up from little bits of gold. Many years ago, my Chinese brethren heard legends about this “Old Gold Mountain,” and came to pan for gold. Today it seems as if a great many of my Chinese brethren are still here panning for gold. Today, the “Gold Mountain” of “Old Gold Mountain’ has become the world famous Silicon Valley. 

   Even as you are all aware, San Francisco has been the site of many important political events. Here are more of my Chinese countrymen than any other city. What more appropriate place could there be to speak of the relationship between China and America?

    As you are no doubt aware, on a grand and solemn occasion sixty years ago, many countries, including the Republic of China, came here to San Francisco to sign the UN Charter. At that time, human society the world round seemed poised to enter a new era of peace, prosperity, and democracy. Regrettably, the Cold War started soon thereafter. At that time, the Soviet Union posed a terrible threat to America and the world. 

    Twenty years ago, once again in San Francisco, President Ronald Reagan and his Secretary of State George Schulz unveiled their long-reaching strategy—the Reagan Doctrine in embryonic form—bravely opposing Communist absolutism and using the “Star Wars” plan to facilitate the collapse of the Soviet Union’s tyrannical regime. 

    On February 22nd, 1985, Secretary of State Schulz gave a famous speech at San Francisco’s Commonwealth Club. He wisely advised: “We must, in short, stand firmly in the defense of our interests and principles and the rights of peoples to live in freedom. The forces of democracy around the world merit our standing with them, to abandon them would be a shameful betrayal--a betrayal not only of brave men and women but of our highest ideals.”

   Only four years later the Berlin Wall fell and the Soviet Union collapsed. The political structures of the world seemed once again to have a clear path towards democracy. However, in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks September 11, 2001, terrorism and extremism have emerged as a great obstacle to the building of a global community of democracies. 

   In these troubled times for the world’s democracy, China’s Communist government is relying increasingly upon economic growth and its vast reserves of foreign currency. Yet beneath this veneer of prosperity China has lost its moral compass. Economic growth rests on unstable foundations: the volatile banking system is characterized by fraud, speculation and illegal transactions, official corruption is rampant, and a vast gap separates rich and poor.

   To divert attention from these rapidly growing domestic conflicts, from this malaise of the spirit, the Chinese Communist government fans the flames of nationalism without cease. For instance, the Chinese Communist government has created and secretly manipulated the burgeoning North Korean nuclear crisis to distract the American government, to undermine America’s position on the world stage, and weaken the impact of US and foreign pressure on its abuses of human rights. 

   Even worse, Zhu Chenghu, a loose cannon and nuclear madman, recently has emerged from a growing crowd of Chinese militarists to issue a threat of nuclear warfare towards America.

   On July 14th of this year, at a meeting of the Better Hong Kong Foundation, the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs organized a reception for foreign journalists. At this event, the dean of the PLA’s National Defense College at the National Defense University, Brigadier General Zhu Chenghu, openly told foreign journalists: If Washington gets militarily involved in the Taiwan straits, China may initiate a nuclear attack on many American cities. 

   As he said: ''We Chinese will prepare ourselves for the destruction of all the cities east of Xian. Of course the Americans will have to be prepared that hundreds of cities will be destroyed by the Chinese.''

   Another unverifiable internal speech was possibly given within the National Defense college on July 6th. If true, it is even more crazy and chilling.

   The Chinese government on the 16th of July weakened but refused to withdraw Zhu Chenghu’s statements of the 14th. While the ministry of Foreign Affairs said that Zhu Chenghu’s speech was reflective of his personal opinion, they refused to clarify whether or not this personal opinion represented the position of the Chinese government.

   Such a ghastly plan is enough to chill one to the bone. This is not simply fanciful bluster: we must pay attention to these plans, even the plans of madmen. History has proven that the sinister designs of madmen with power can become realities. Hitler is an example.

   Fifty years ago, Mao Zedong also raised the possibility of a nuclear war. He said: “Nuclear war is nothing to be afraid of. China has 600 million people. It’s no big deal if 300 million die; we’ll still have 300 million.” In 1950, Mao, Stalin, and Kim Il Sung started the Korean War. From the 60s to the 70s they supplied the North Vietnamese Army in the Vietnam War, which killed many young Americans on the battlefield. From 1960 to 1962, Mao Zedong created a famine in his own homeland, indirectly killing over 30 million Chinese people through starvation. 

   In 1996, the PLA’s Vice Chief of Staff Xiong Guangkai had already threatened the possibility of nuclear war. He warned Americans: “You should start worrying about Los Angeles, not Taipei.”

   Most people are confused about the true nature of the Chinese Communist party’s political authority. The true source of party authority is the Army. In name and reality, Just as Hitler’s Nazi storm troopers did not belong to the German people or to Germany, but were a tool of the Fascists, so the Army does not belong to the Chinese state or the Chinese people—it is the instrument of the Party and the Party alone. The people of America and China often mistakenly believe in the supreme power of the Chinese Communist government, but the army is the true core of the Communist Party. On the surface, the “party commands the gun,” and doesn’t allow the “gun to command the Party.” However, in essence, only that highest leader who holds the stock of the gun – that is, the Chinese Communist Army -- can command the Chinese Communist Party. This leader is exempt from the so-called principle of not allowing “the gun to command the party”—it applies only to his subordinates. 

   Now, the highest leader of the Army is also the highest leader of the Communist Party – Hu Jintao. He has repeatedly shown that he is taking after Kim Jong Il and Fidel Castro, as he has given free rein to Zhu Chenghu to issue the threat of nuclear war towards America. We must maintain a heightened state of alertness. 

   Furthermore, San Francisco is certainly included in the swath of hundreds of cities which Xiong Guangkai and Zhu Chenghu would use nuclear weapons to destroy. As I just stated, we must maintain a heightened state of alertness

   No doubt, global terrorism is currently the greatest challenge for America. But beneath the surface the absolutist Chinese government and its collection of ICBMs pose the potential for greater terror and an even greater threat toward America and the American people. We must push China to peacefully change into a free, democratic republic! We must draw upon intelligent strategies like those of Reagan and Schulz to help China peacefully transform into a free, democratic republic. Just as America’s fervent belief in this global responsibility helped extinguish the global threat posed by the Soviet Union, a renewed belief in this sense of responsibility and similar thoughtful strategy can eliminate the threat that the autocratic ruling cabal in China poses to America and the rest of the democratic, freedom-loving world.

   Therefore, the essential message of my lecture is this: In the 21st century, helping China peacefully transform into a free, democratic republic is vital to the national interest of America and the American people. The simplest and most economical means of achieving this end is to support open, sincere, rational, and constructive opposition parties working to undermine the autocratic Chinese Communist government. This alternative is far preferable to the gargantuan human and financial costs that would result from war between America and China. 

    In 2003, with the help of students and others with a common outlook at Brown’s Watson Institute, I founded my non-profit the “Caring for China Center.” The central purpose was to investigate the problem of peaceful political transformation within China, to study and work on creating a draft constitution of a new democratic republic, compiling documents for a civics textbook that would be used in a new democratic system. Other projects have included the plan for “Strait Talk: A Multi-Track Symposium on China-US-Taiwan relations,” establishing “China Speaks,” a clearinghouse for dissenting opinions on the questions of the Rise of China, my “Freedom Tour,” establishing the website for the Chinese Democratic Party overseas, looking after Chinese orphans, working for the release of imprisoned members of the Chinese Democratic Party and other prisoners of conscience, and providing assistance to dissidents that have already been released from jail and their relatives. 

    I know that as successful Americans, you may often fear that your work will impinge on your ability to sleep. Personally I have found that even when I am able to go to sleep at a reasonable hour, I am not infrequently awakened by telephone calls in the wee hours of the morning. But yet I still persist on behalf of the Chinese mainland that it may embark on a path of democracy and freedom. Just as my compatriots still need help in many areas, so I also need each of your help and support.

    My homeland and I both need your help and support – only with it will China’s future prospects be filled with fortune and the relationship between China and America harmonious!

    Thank you everybody!

(徐文立：把中國和平地改變為自由民主的共和國才是中國也是美國21世紀的最高國家利益—2005年10月6日在布朗大學西部校友會上的演講 全文完博訊www.peacehall.com)