風蕭蕭_Frank
以文會友
正文
1962年印度為啥敢挑釁中國還打輸
2023-07-14 | 來源: 知識萬物
印度自成立之日起，便一直對中國虎視眈眈，公然作出越界舉動。在1955年後，美蘇兩國先後加大了對印度的扶持，令印度更加肆無忌憚，儼然將自己當成了亞洲第一。1962年，中國和印度打了一仗，中國解放軍僅用三十二天就徹底打敗了印度。然而，印度對此十分不甘心，並且還苦思冥想，總結出五條原因為自己的失敗辯解。在海外論壇，印度網友問：印度怎麽會在中印戰爭中輸掉？這引起各國網友的關注和熱議。
中國網友郭維的回答
Chairman Mao said, 'I've been thinking for ten days and ten nights, but I don't understand why India is provoking us.'.
毛主席說，我想了十天十夜，不明白印度為什麽要挑釁我們。
In my opinion, the reason why India lost this war in 1962 was fundamentally because the Indian army did not have the strength to fight against China. I'm not looking down on the Indian army, I'm just calmly thinking, why do Indians think they can win?
在我看來，1962年印度之所以輸掉這場戰爭，根本上是因為印度軍隊沒有實力與中國作戰。我不是看不起印度軍隊，我隻是在冷靜地思考，為什麽印度人認為他們能贏？
If a group of people were given a gun, could they be called an army? No
如果給一群人人手一把槍，他們能被稱為軍隊嗎？不。
A elite army should have good equipment, rich combat experience, strong spirit, and strict discipline. To be honest, I think the Indian army is not doing well enough on the above four points.
一支精銳的軍隊應該有良好的裝備、豐富的作戰經驗、強大的精神和嚴格的紀律。老實說，我認為印度軍隊在以上四點上做得不夠好。
In ancient China, the official army often only needed a few thousand cavalry to defeat and kill over 100000 peasant uprisings, so the rabble often had little combat power.
在中國古代，官方軍隊往往隻需要幾千名騎兵就可以擊敗並殺死10多萬農民起義軍，因此烏合之眾往往是沒什麽戰鬥力的。
The gap between the Chinese and Indian armies directly led to the outcome of the war.
中印軍隊之間的差距直接導致了戰爭的結果。
The Chinese military knows when to equip artillery and when to lay down artillery. Know the optimal distance between officers at all levels of the People's Liberation Army and the front line. The People's Liberation Army also knows the distance you can reach if you use light infantry to transport supplies to the enemy's rear.
中國軍隊知道什麽時候需要裝備火炮，什麽時候應該放下火炮。知道解放軍各級軍官與前線之間的最佳距離。人民解放軍也知道如果使用輕步兵向敵人後方運送補給，所能達到的距離。
These are all decades of accumulated combat experience, so the Chinese army can encircle the rear of the Indian army from mountainous areas that the Indian army deems impossible to pass through.
這些都是幾十年戰鬥積累的經驗，因此，中國軍隊可以從印度軍隊認為無法通過的山區包抄印度軍隊的後方。
In fact, there should be no conflict between India and China at all.
事實上，印度和中國之間根本不應該發生衝突。
Most of the border between the two countries is naturally divided by snowy mountains. India cannot occupy the north of the the Himalayas, nor can China fully occupy the south of the Himalayas. Because in winter, your army lost support from the rear and could only be repelled.
兩國的大部分邊界自然被雪山分割。印度不能占領喜馬拉雅山的北部，中國也不能全麵占領喜馬拉雅山脈的南部。因為在冬天，你的軍隊失去了後方的支持，隻能被擊退。
Therefore, I cannot understand why India has provoked China.
因此，我無法理解印度為何挑釁中國。
The Chinese side recorded the combat scenes during their initial contact, and I can recount them to you.
中國方麵記錄了初次接觸時的戰鬥場景，我可以複述給你。
On September 11, 1962, at 7:30 am, Indian soldiers approached the Chinese outpost. China insisted on the principle of not firing first and demanded that Indian soldiers take a step back.
1962年9月11日7:30，印度士兵接近中國崗哨，中國堅持不先開槍的原則，並要求印度士兵退一步。
On September 11th at 8:05, Indian soldiers first killed a soldier named Li Yancheng who was speaking and demanding Indian soldiers to retreat with a hand grenade, and six Chinese soldiers were injured.
9月11日8時05分，印度士兵首先用手榴彈殺死了正在講話並要求印度士兵後退的一個叫李延成的軍人，另有6名中國士兵受傷。
Then the Chinese soldiers counterattacked, ended the conflict within 7 minutes, eliminated 67 Indian soldiers, and destroyed 7 Indian Defence fortifications with 40 type Rocket artillery.
隨後中國士兵進行了反擊，在7分鍾內結束了衝突，消滅了67名印度士兵，用40型火箭炮摧毀了7座印度防禦工事。
At 8:15 on September 11th, Indian soldiers ran out of the Chinese controlled area. Chinese soldiers did not chase into Indian controlled areas. (Many bodies of Indian soldiers remained in China, and after the conflict ended, Indian soldiers brought white flags into China to retrieve these bodies.)
9月11日8點15分印度士兵跑出中國控製區。中國士兵沒有追進印度控製區。（許多印度士兵的屍體留在了中國，衝突結束後，印度士兵帶著白旗進入中國取回這些屍體。）
Subsequently, the 17th Indian Artillery Brigade opened fire. Subsequently, the 380th Regiment of the Chinese Artillery launched a counterattack with 82 and 120 mortars.
隨後，印度炮兵第17旅開火。緊接著，中國炮兵第380團用82和120迫擊炮進行了反擊。
During the four days and three nights of shelling, the Chinese artillery destroyed eight artillery positions, two command posts, two posts, 23 Fortification and two trucks. Killed and injured 540 Indian soldiers. Finally, Indian artillery stopped firing at 22:00 on September 13th, and China stopped firing after receiving instructions from Premier Zhou Enlai at noon on September 14th. If there is a ceasefire in India, we will also cease fire.
在4天3夜的炮擊衝突中，中國炮兵摧毀了8個炮兵陣地、2個指揮所、2個哨所、23個防禦工事和2輛卡車。打死打傷540名印度士兵。最後，印度炮兵在9月13日22時停止射擊，中國在9月14日中午接到周恩來總理的指示後停止射擊。（如果印度停火，我們也會停火）。
On October 1st at 11:20, a total of 7 Indian soldiers crossed the border and attempted to kidnap a Chinese soldier back to India, but failed. They were then pushed back to the Indian border. As usual, Indian soldiers first shot and killed one soldier and injured one Chinese soldier. Subsequently, Chinese soldiers counterattacked and eliminated all seven Indian soldiers who had crossed the border.
10月1日11時20分，共有7名印度士兵越境，試圖將一名中國士兵綁架回印度，但沒有成功，隨後他們被推回印度邊境。和往常一樣，印度士兵首先開槍打死1名士兵，打傷1名中國士兵。隨後，中國士兵反擊，消滅了所有7名越境的印度士兵。
The Indian artillery fired with 51mm and 81mm mortars. Chinese artillery counterattacked at 12:00, killing and injuring half of the soldiers of two Indian companies, totaling 195 Indian soldiers. And destroyed 29 Fortification.
印度炮兵使用51毫米和81毫米迫擊炮開火。中國炮兵於12時反擊，打死和打傷了印度兩個連的一半士兵，總共195名印度士兵。並摧毀了29座防禦工事。
The Indian artillery stopped firing at 19:55, and then China stopped firing.
印度的大炮在19時55分停止了射擊，然後中國停止了射擊。
The result of this conflict is:
這場衝突的結果是：
China killed 607 Indian soldiers and seized 1 Light machine gun, 9 submachine guns and 16 rifles. There were 123 casualties among Chinese soldiers.
中國打死607名印度士兵，繳獲1挺輕機槍、9挺衝鋒槍和16支步槍。有123名中國士兵傷亡。
Finally, Indian soldiers waved white flags and entered China to retrieve their companions' bodies and weapons, and signed a temporary ceasefire document.
最後，印度士兵揮舞著白旗進入中國，取回他們同伴的屍體和武器，並在暫時停火文件中簽字。
印度網友古達爾的回答
All this is thanks to Nehru and his favorite defense minister, Krishna Menon. So, let's take a closer look at the reasons why India was destined to fail in the 62 year war.
這一切都要感謝尼赫魯和他最喜歡的國防部長克裏希納·梅農。所以，讓我們來逐一看看印度在62年戰爭中注定失敗的原因。
After independence, Nehru chose to ignore the construction of the National Defense Force, and even said that we are a nonviolent country that does not require a National Defense Force, as long as the police are sufficient.
1.獨立後的尼赫魯選擇無視國防軍的建設，他甚至說我們是一個非暴力國家，不需要國防軍，隻要警察就足夠了。
2. The political leadership led by Nehru once again disregarded warnings and never regarded China as a strong opponent, continuing to peddle Hindu theories.
2.尼赫魯領導下的政治領導層再次不顧警告，從未將中國視為有力的對手，並繼續兜售印度教的理論。
Chairman Mao said, 'I've been thinking for ten days and ten nights, but I don't understand why India is provoking us.'.
毛主席說，我想了十天十夜，不明白印度為什麽要挑釁我們。
In my opinion, the reason why India lost this war in 1962 was fundamentally because the Indian army did not have the strength to fight against China. I'm not looking down on the Indian army, I'm just calmly thinking, why do Indians think they can win?
在我看來，1962年印度之所以輸掉這場戰爭，根本上是因為印度軍隊沒有實力與中國作戰。我不是看不起印度軍隊，我隻是在冷靜地思考，為什麽印度人認為他們能贏？
If a group of people were given a gun, could they be called an army? No
如果給一群人人手一把槍，他們能被稱為軍隊嗎？不。
A elite army should have good equipment, rich combat experience, strong spirit, and strict discipline. To be honest, I think the Indian army is not doing well enough on the above four points.
一支精銳的軍隊應該有良好的裝備、豐富的作戰經驗、強大的精神和嚴格的紀律。老實說，我認為印度軍隊在以上四點上做得不夠好。
In ancient China, the official army often only needed a few thousand cavalry to defeat and kill over 100000 peasant uprisings, so the rabble often had little combat power.
在中國古代，官方軍隊往往隻需要幾千名騎兵就可以擊敗並殺死10多萬農民起義軍，因此烏合之眾往往是沒什麽戰鬥力的。
The gap between the Chinese and Indian armies directly led to the outcome of the war.
中印軍隊之間的差距直接導致了戰爭的結果。
The Chinese military knows when to equip artillery and when to lay down artillery. Know the optimal distance between officers at all levels of the People's Liberation Army and the front line. The People's Liberation Army also knows the distance you can reach if you use light infantry to transport supplies to the enemy's rear.
中國軍隊知道什麽時候需要裝備火炮，什麽時候應該放下火炮。知道解放軍各級軍官與前線之間的最佳距離。人民解放軍也知道如果使用輕步兵向敵人後方運送補給，所能達到的距離。
These are all decades of accumulated combat experience, so the Chinese army can encircle the rear of the Indian army from mountainous areas that the Indian army deems impossible to pass through.
這些都是幾十年戰鬥積累的經驗，因此，中國軍隊可以從印度軍隊認為無法通過的山區包抄印度軍隊的後方。
In fact, there should be no conflict between India and China at all.
事實上，印度和中國之間根本不應該發生衝突。
Most of the border between the two countries is naturally divided by snowy mountains. India cannot occupy the north of the the Himalayas, nor can China fully occupy the south of the Himalayas. Because in winter, your army lost support from the rear and could only be repelled.
兩國的大部分邊界自然被雪山分割。印度不能占領喜馬拉雅山的北部，中國也不能全麵占領喜馬拉雅山脈的南部。因為在冬天，你的軍隊失去了後方的支持，隻能被擊退。
Therefore, I cannot understand why India has provoked China.
因此，我無法理解印度為何挑釁中國。
The Chinese side recorded the combat scenes during their initial contact, and I can recount them to you.
中國方麵記錄了初次接觸時的戰鬥場景，我可以複述給你。
On September 11, 1962, at 7:30 am, Indian soldiers approached the Chinese outpost. China insisted on the principle of not firing first and demanded that Indian soldiers take a step back.
1962年9月11日7:30，印度士兵接近中國崗哨，中國堅持不先開槍的原則，並要求印度士兵退一步。
On September 11th at 8:05, Indian soldiers first killed a soldier named Li Yancheng who was speaking and demanding Indian soldiers to retreat with a hand grenade, and six Chinese soldiers were injured.
9月11日8時05分，印度士兵首先用手榴彈殺死了正在講話並要求印度士兵後退的一個叫李延成的軍人，另有6名中國士兵受傷。
Then the Chinese soldiers counterattacked, ended the conflict within 7 minutes, eliminated 67 Indian soldiers, and destroyed 7 Indian Defence fortifications with 40 type Rocket artillery.
隨後中國士兵進行了反擊，在7分鍾內結束了衝突，消滅了67名印度士兵，用40型火箭炮摧毀了7座印度防禦工事。
At 8:15 on September 11th, Indian soldiers ran out of the Chinese controlled area. Chinese soldiers did not chase into Indian controlled areas. (Many bodies of Indian soldiers remained in China, and after the conflict ended, Indian soldiers brought white flags into China to retrieve these bodies.)
9月11日8點15分印度士兵跑出中國控製區。中國士兵沒有追進印度控製區。（許多印度士兵的屍體留在了中國，衝突結束後，印度士兵帶著白旗進入中國取回這些屍體。）
Subsequently, the 17th Indian Artillery Brigade opened fire. Subsequently, the 380th Regiment of the Chinese Artillery launched a counterattack with 82 and 120 mortars.
隨後，印度炮兵第17旅開火。緊接著，中國炮兵第380團用82和120迫擊炮進行了反擊。
During the four days and three nights of shelling, the Chinese artillery destroyed eight artillery positions, two command posts, two posts, 23 Fortification and two trucks. Killed and injured 540 Indian soldiers. Finally, Indian artillery stopped firing at 22:00 on September 13th, and China stopped firing after receiving instructions from Premier Zhou Enlai at noon on September 14th. If there is a ceasefire in India, we will also cease fire.
在4天3夜的炮擊衝突中，中國炮兵摧毀了8個炮兵陣地、2個指揮所、2個哨所、23個防禦工事和2輛卡車。打死打傷540名印度士兵。最後，印度炮兵在9月13日22時停止射擊，中國在9月14日中午接到周恩來總理的指示後停止射擊。（如果印度停火，我們也會停火）。
On October 1st at 11:20, a total of 7 Indian soldiers crossed the border and attempted to kidnap a Chinese soldier back to India, but failed. They were then pushed back to the Indian border. As usual, Indian soldiers first shot and killed one soldier and injured one Chinese soldier. Subsequently, Chinese soldiers counterattacked and eliminated all seven Indian soldiers who had crossed the border.
10月1日11時20分，共有7名印度士兵越境，試圖將一名中國士兵綁架回印度，但沒有成功，隨後他們被推回印度邊境。和往常一樣，印度士兵首先開槍打死1名士兵，打傷1名中國士兵。隨後，中國士兵反擊，消滅了所有7名越境的印度士兵。
The Indian artillery fired with 51mm and 81mm mortars. Chinese artillery counterattacked at 12:00, killing and injuring half of the soldiers of two Indian companies, totaling 195 Indian soldiers. And destroyed 29 Fortification.
印度炮兵使用51毫米和81毫米迫擊炮開火。中國炮兵於12時反擊，打死和打傷了印度兩個連的一半士兵，總共195名印度士兵。並摧毀了29座防禦工事。
The Indian artillery stopped firing at 19:55, and then China stopped firing.
印度的大炮在19時55分停止了射擊，然後中國停止了射擊。
The result of this conflict is:
這場衝突的結果是：
China killed 607 Indian soldiers and seized 1 Light machine gun, 9 submachine guns and 16 rifles. There were 123 casualties among Chinese soldiers.
中國打死607名印度士兵，繳獲1挺輕機槍、9挺衝鋒槍和16支步槍。有123名中國士兵傷亡。
Finally, Indian soldiers waved white flags and entered China to retrieve their companions' bodies and weapons, and signed a temporary ceasefire document.
最後，印度士兵揮舞著白旗進入中國，取回他們同伴的屍體和武器，並在暫時停火文件中簽字。
印度網友古達爾的回答
All this is thanks to Nehru and his favorite defense minister, Krishna Menon. So, let's take a closer look at the reasons why India was destined to fail in the 62 year war.
這一切都要感謝尼赫魯和他最喜歡的國防部長克裏希納·梅農。所以，讓我們來逐一看看印度在62年戰爭中注定失敗的原因。
After independence, Nehru chose to ignore the construction of the National Defense Force, and even said that we are a nonviolent country that does not require a National Defense Force, as long as the police are sufficient.
1.獨立後的尼赫魯選擇無視國防軍的建設，他甚至說我們是一個非暴力國家，不需要國防軍，隻要警察就足夠了。
2. The political leadership led by Nehru once again disregarded warnings and never regarded China as a strong opponent, continuing to peddle Hindu theories.
2.尼赫魯領導下的政治領導層再次不顧警告，從未將中國視為有力的對手，並繼續兜售印度教的理論。
3. Our soldiers are not even equipped with suitable ammunition, winter clothes, or footstools during combat.
3.我們的士兵在作戰時甚至沒有配備合適的彈藥、冬衣或腳凳。
4. Krishna Menon and the army commander subsequently appointed by General B. M. Kaul of Nehru deliberately ignored the reliable information of the ground officers, which cost us the lives of soldiers.
4.克裏希納·梅農和隨後由尼赫魯將軍B·M·考爾任命的陸軍指揮官故意無視地麵軍官的可靠情報，這讓我們付出了士兵的生命代價。
At that time, India's air and naval power was to some extent superior to China's, and the government was suggested to use air power to assist ground forces. However, as usual, Nehru rejected this proposal, leading to a humiliating failure.
5.當時印度的空中力量和海軍力量在某種程度上優於中國，政府被建議使用空中力量來幫助地麵部隊，但隨後像往常一樣，尼赫魯否決了這一提議，導致恥辱性的失敗。
6. Krishna Menon, who was involved in the military jeep fraud, is still working in the government because he is the only blue eyed boy Nehru loves.
6.卷入軍用吉普車貪汙騙局的克裏希納·梅農仍在政府任職，因為他是尼赫魯唯一摯愛的藍眼睛男孩。
Nehru requested Kennedy's help against China, and he agreed. Nehru agreed to join the United States' alliance, but within a few hours, Nehru refused, saying that he could not join the alliance. They were leaders of non alliance.
尼赫魯請求肯尼迪幫助對抗中國，他同意了，但以加入加入美國的聯盟為條件，尼赫魯開始同意了，但又在幾個小時後拒絕了，說他不能加入聯盟，他們是不結盟的領導者。
The failure in 1962 was clearly a disaster created by Politics of India's political leadership, which had no correct vision.
1962年的失敗顯然是印度政治領導層製造的災難，他們沒有任何正確的願景。
海外網友戛甘的回答
A country's military needs to be as strong as its political leadership, but India is the opposite.
一個國家的軍隊需要和該國的政治領導層一樣強大，但印度剛好相反。
In the 1950s, Nehru's position as a politician continued to rise on the international stage. Menon is an Indian diplomat with extreme left views. He once stationed in Britain and was a friend of Nehru. Menon was not a mass leader like other members of the Nehru cabinet, but was entrusted with the responsibilities of the Ministry of Defense.
20世紀50年代，尼赫魯作為政治家的地位在國際舞台上不斷提升。梅農是一名印度外交官，持有極左觀點，曾駐紮在英國，是尼赫魯的朋友。梅農不像尼赫魯內閣中的其他人那樣是一位群眾領袖，但被賦予了國防部的職責。
Menon became India's fifth Minister of Defense in 1957.
梅農於1957年成為印度第五任國防部長。
Once, he put forward a proposal in parliament, stating that Pakistan is now a friend and therefore will not launch an attack. India has no other enemies in its neighboring countries, so it is meaningless to retain and maintain such a large army.
有一次，他在議會提出了一項建議，稱巴基斯坦現在是朋友，因此不會發動襲擊，印度在其鄰國沒有任何其他敵人，因此，保留和維持如此龐大的軍隊毫無意義。
When asked if a military is needed in an emergency, Menon said that if any emergency occurs, India can use the police force.
當被問及在緊急情況下是否需要軍隊時，梅農說，如果發生任何緊急情況，印度都可以動用警察部隊。
He is the only defense minister who proposed to reduce the national annual Military budget and recall the troops deployed at the border in the cabinet committee. According to him, since we don't need an army, we don't need ammunition either. Therefore, he also closed India's Arsenal and instructed them to produce goods other than guns and ammunition.
他是唯一一位在內閣委員會中提出減少國家年度國防預算並召回部署在邊境的軍隊的國防部長。據他說，由於不需要軍隊，所以我們也不需要彈藥。因此，他還關閉了印度的兵工廠，並責成他們生產槍支彈藥以外的其他商品。
Menon also attempted to disrupt the careers of some generals in the Indian army. Therefore, there have also been multiple conspiracies in this regard.
梅農還試圖破壞印度軍隊中一些將軍的職業生涯，在這方麵也有多起陰謀。
On the eve of the conflict, General Shmaya, who served as the Army Commander in Chief before the war, insisted that India was not yet ready to engage in war with China. (Due to the types of firearms and ammunition used at the time, as well as the situation of border roads and flexible routes that were basically non-existent at that time.) Therefore, protecting the border on the Chinese side was the responsibility of politicians and diplomats.
衝突發生前夕，戰前擔任陸軍總司令的什瑪亞將軍堅持認為，印度還沒有準備好與中國開戰。（由於當時使用的槍支和彈藥種類，以及當時基本上不存在的邊境公路和柔性線路的狀況。）因此，保護中國一側的邊境是政治家和外交官的職責。
General Shmaya hopes that Lieutenant General Choulat will become his successor. However, Lieutenant General Tapal, a relative of the Nehru family, was appointed by the government as the Chief of the Army.
什瑪亞將軍希望周拉特中將成為他的繼任者。但是，尼赫魯家族的親戚塔帕爾中將被政府任命為陸軍總長。
There are reports that General Zhou Late has repeatedly sent letters to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding the feasibility of invading the Chinese border. But Menon downplayed this point and exaggerated the possibility of launching an invasion on the Pakistani border.
有報道稱，周拉特中將多次就進犯中國邊界的可行性致函外交部。但梅農淡化了這一點，並誇大了在巴基斯坦邊境發動侵略的可能性。
The above is the defense situation of India before the 1962 war.
以上是1962年戰爭前印度的國防狀況。
After the provocation, China confronted India on multiple fronts.
挑釁發生後，中國在多條戰線上迎擊印度。
China launched a surprise attack on the Northeast Border Bureau, and there were no troops at the border to repel them. This later became one of the reasons for the upsurge of Anti-Indian sentiment sentiment in the region.
中國突襲了東北邊境局，邊境沒有軍隊擊退他們。這後來成為該地區反印度情緒高漲的原因之一。
When the Chinese marched towards Tawang, they met Subedar Joking Singh, who was commanding a platoon of more than 20 people at Bum La Pass. The Chinese attacked the pass in three waves, with 200 people in each wave. The first two attacks were unsuccessful, but soon the Indian platoon ran out of ammunition and had to rely on bayonets (knives, swords, or spear shaped weapons designed for the muzzle end of rifles). They were either eliminated or captured. Suberdal Jokind Singh was imprisoned.
當中國人向達旺前進時，他們遇到了蘇貝達爾·喬金德·辛格，他指揮著一個由20多人組成的排，正在邦拉山口作戰。中國人分三波進攻關隘，每波200人。前兩次襲擊都未成功，但很快印度排就耗盡了彈藥，不得不依靠刺刀（設計用於步槍槍口末端的刀、劍或刺形武器）。他們或被消滅，或被俘虜。蘇貝達爾·喬金德·辛格被關押了起來，然後中國勢如破竹。
China controls Aksai Chin. In 1959, China built the world's highest highway connecting Aksai Chin, which was published in Chinese newspapers. China started and even completed the construction of roads, and the Nehru government was unaware of this.
還有一個事，中國控製阿克賽欽。1959年，中國建成了連接阿克賽欽的世界上最高的公路，這一消息在中國報紙上發表。中國開始，甚至完成了修建道路的工作，而尼赫魯政府竟然對此一無所知。
Why did India lose?
印度為什麽輸了？
1. Poor leadership;
1.領導不力；
2. A government without vision;
2.沒有眼界的政府；
3. Logistics nightmare during the war;
3.戰爭期間的後勤噩夢；
4. The Indian International Air Force did not play any role in the war.
4.印度國際空軍在戰爭中沒有起到任何作用。
美國網友凱文?安道夫的回答
The border dispute is not the real reason for the war between such two great powers, so what is the real reason?
邊境爭議不是兩個如此大國之間戰爭的真正原因，那麽真正的原因是什麽呢？
By 1962, the division between China and the Soviet Union had reached an unprecedented level of opposition. The Soviet Union has withdrawn all assistance to China and militarized the border between China and Russia. On the other hand, China claimed that the Soviet Union had abandoned socialism and was gradually becoming Social imperialism, and called on all communists in the world to break with the Soviet government. In this split, although Vietnam and Alejandro Cao de Benós began to support the China to some extent, they soon changed their positions. Therefore, China is isolated. On the one hand, it conflicts with the Soviet bloc, and on the other hand, it conflicts with the Western Bloc.
到1962年，中蘇分裂達到了前所未有的對立程度。蘇聯已經撤回了對中國的所有幫助，並將中俄邊境軍事化。另一方麵，中國宣稱蘇聯已經放棄社會主義，正在逐步成為社會帝國主義，並呼籲世界上所有的共產主義者與蘇聯政府決裂。在這場分裂中，盡管當時越南和朝鮮一開始在一定程度上支持中華人民共和國，但很快他們也改變了立場。因此，中國處於孤立狀態，一方麵與蘇聯集團發生衝突，另一方麵與西方集團不和。
In this case, both the Western Bloc and the Soviet Union Group encouraged Nehru to adopt a forward policy, which would bring huge political problems to China. Therefore, Nehru began to send troops to invade Chinese territory, despite the repeated dissuasion of well-known Indian military figures.
在這種情況下，西方集團和蘇聯集團都鼓勵尼赫魯采取前進政策，這將給中國帶來巨大的政治難題，因此，尼赫魯開始派遣軍隊侵入中國領土，盡管印度的知名軍事人物一再勸阻他。
Now, this is not a political issue in India because the Indian people lack political awareness; Their freedom movement was hijacked by Gandhi and Hindu fascists, who transformed it from a colony to a semi colony under the indirect system of imperialist oppression.
現在，這在印度並不是什麽政治問題，因為印度群眾缺乏政治意識；他們的自由運動被甘地和印度教法西斯主義者劫持，他們在帝國主義壓迫的間接製度下，將其從殖民地轉變為半殖民地。
However, China gained freedom through a successful revolutionary war, and its ordinary citizens' awareness of China India border politics reached the core of ideology. Therefore, for Chinese people, whether to yield to the military supported by imperialist powers is an ideological issue. To some extent, the Chinese believed they had had enough and launched a carefully planned resistance.
然而，中國通過一場成功的革命戰爭獲得了自由，其普通公民對中印邊境政治的意識達到了意識形態的核心。因此，對於中國人來說，是否屈服於帝國主義列強支持的軍隊是一個意識形態問題。在某種程度上，中國人認為他們受夠了，於是發動了一場精心策劃的抵抗。
Nehru never expected China to retaliate, he was completely unaware. If the Soviet Union and the Western imperialist groups participated in the war, China would lose, but they did not, because the United States and the Soviet Union were hampered by the Cuban Missile Crisis, and China's land retaliation against the Soviet Union might cause serious damage. For the same reason, India dare not use its air force to escalate the war. Then, we know what happened next.
尼赫魯從未料到中國會進行報複，他渾然不知。如果蘇聯和西方帝國主義集團參與戰爭，那麽中國會輸，但他們沒有，因為美國和蘇聯正被古巴導彈危機掣肘，而且中國對蘇聯的陸地報複可能會造成嚴重損害。出於同樣的原因，印度不敢使用其空軍來升級戰爭。然後，我們就知道接下來發生了什麽。
It was the war of 1962 that left a profound scar on the hearts of Indians.
就是1962年的戰爭，這一悲劇事件在印度人的心裏留下了深刻的創傷。
India and China, two huge neighbors accounting for about 40% of the world's population, were involved in a long-term dispute, which even led to a war in 1962, when India was defeated by China. What makes this issue even more painful is that the Indian government continues to conceal the report on this disaster written by Lieutenant General Henderson Brooks and Brigadier General Prem Bhagat in 1963.
印度和中國這兩個占世界人口約40%的巨大鄰國陷入了長期的爭端，這場爭端甚至導致了1962年的一場戰爭，印度被中國擊敗。讓這個問題更加痛苦的是，印度政府繼續隱瞞Henderson Brooks中將和Prem Bhagat準將在1963年編寫的關於這場災難的報告。
What was the reason for India's defeat in 1962?
1962年印度戰敗的原因是什麽？
1) Lack of pre-treatment:-
1） 缺乏預處理：-
The Indian army is not adequately prepared for war. However, the Chinese military is ready for war. There are small-scale border conflicts that violate the ceasefire, but it is believed that this will not lead to a full-scale frontline war. In addition, the equipment of Chinese soldiers is advanced and well trained to operate on these terrains. In addition, India's infrastructure is poor.
印度軍隊對戰爭準備不足。然而，中國軍隊已經做好了戰爭的準備。有邊界小規模衝突，違反停火，但據信這不會導致全麵的前線戰爭。此外，中國軍人的裝備很先進，受過良好的訓練，可以在這些地形上作戰，此外，印度方麵的基礎設施很差。
2) A brief siege led by:-
2） 短暫的圍攻領導：-
At that time, the Nehru government highly valued nonviolence. They overlooked the concept of realism. When the British left India, Lord Mountbatten instructed one of his commanders to develop a military plan in advance to protect India. Nehru refuted this viewpoint, saying that nonviolence is our only weapon. With the resignation of Sadar Patel, no one can confront Nehru and his will.
當時的尼赫魯政府非常推崇非暴力。他們忽視了現實主義的概念。當英國人離開印度時，蒙巴頓勳爵指示他的一名指揮官預先製定一項保護印度的軍事計劃。尼赫魯駁斥了這一觀點，他說非暴力是我們唯一的武器。隨著薩達爾·帕特爾的下台，沒有人可以對抗尼赫魯及其意誌。
3) Lack of strategy:-
3） 缺乏策略：-
It is widely believed that there will never be a war between China and India. The Pan Agreement signed by Prime Minister Nehru and Zhou Enlai even strengthened the ties between these two neighboring countries. There is no military strategy for engaging in war with China.
人們普遍認為，中國和印度之間永遠不會發生戰爭。尼赫魯和周恩來總理簽署的潘協定甚至加強了這兩個鄰國之間的聯係。沒有關於與中國開戰的軍事戰略。
4) Military:-
4） 軍事：-
The local army commanders (4th Infantry Brigade and 7th Infantry Brigade) do not know where the border is. Furthermore, the mistake of not using IAF during the war was a serious mistake. Compared to India, China has more advanced inventory.
當地陸軍指揮官（4步兵旅和7步兵旅）不知道邊界在哪裏。此外，戰爭期間不使用IAF的錯誤是一個嚴重的錯誤。與印度相比，中國的庫存更先進。複。但金允林認為，隨著半導體產業為各種外部因素拖累，尚難預測行業恢複的時間以及對韓國出口的拉動效應。
評論
目前還沒有任何評論
登錄後才可評論.
