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美國網友: 我們對中國很無知嗎? 為何不能理解中國
6Park 時事 2 days, 14 hours
https://dayu.ca/news/209082/
美國長期從事中國事務觀察的彼得·沃克感歎，美國太不了解中國，“直到最近，美國人對了解中國仍缺少興趣”。沃克先生提出一個值得重視的問題。國與國交往跟人與人交往同理，相互了解可以減少和消除誤解，去除誤解，才能對對方的行為做出恰當的判斷，從而做出得當的回應。美國一些人把中國看作“戰略競爭者”，甚至是“敵人”，有多方麵的原因。從曆史和文化的角度看，對中國缺乏了解，判斷失當，無疑是因素之一。在美版知乎Quora上，美國網友提問道：關於中國，我們美國人很無知嗎？為何美國人不能理解中國？這個問題引起各國專家和網友的圍觀，我們來看看他們的觀點。
問題：普通美國人是怎樣看待今日之中國的？
美國網友約瑟夫•萊明的回答
Unfortunately, today ordinary Americans know nothing about the real China. They don't know that the American media show the people a fictional China. The fundamental problem is that ordinary Americans have never been to China or seen China with their own eyes. How can they understand China when their only source of information about China is the western media that cater to the government's propaganda?
很不幸，今天普通美國人對真正的中國一無所知，他們不知道美國媒體向民眾展示著一個虛構的中國。根本問題是，普通美國人從未去過中國，也從未親眼見過中國，當他們唯一關於中國的信息來源是迎合政府宣傳的西方媒體時，他們怎麽可能理解中國？
I visited China in 2015 and 2018. I lived in China when I was a child and have some beautiful and vivid memories of China. I tend to think that China is the birthplace of everything, and their people are full of creativity, which is true, but in the United States, when you mention "China", many people will have empty brains or just come up with some biased views.
我曾於2015年和2018年訪問中國，我小時候住在中國，對中國有一些美好而鮮活的記憶。我傾向於認為中國是一切事物的發源地，他們的人民充滿創造性這是真的，但在美國當你提到“中國”時，很多人都會大腦空空或者幹脆冒出一些偏見看法。
China's rich history is absolutely amazing in world history. It was not until modern times that the Opium War really killed China's pride as a civilized and powerful nation.
中國豐富的曆史在世界曆史上是絕對令人驚歎的，直到近代，鴉片戰爭才真正扼殺了中國作為一個文明和強勢民族的自豪感。
At the social level, China has been making progress. They are open-minded and do not adhere to political correctness as Europe and Americans. They may not be as obsessed with using social media as Americans, but they are really good at learning new things and innovating, as evidenced by the prosperous we media market.
在社會層麵，中國是一直進步的。他們思維開放，又不像歐洲和美國人那樣執著於政治正確，他們可能不像美國人那樣癡迷於使用社交媒體，但他們真的擅長學習新事物並進行創新，繁榮的自媒體市場就是證據。 In terms of technology popularization, China is also making progress, but it needs to be viewed separately from urban and rural areas. In areas with a high degree of urbanization in China, science and technology are developing rapidly, almost no less than developed cities in Europe and America. Many world-class science and technology companies have set their headquarters in metropolises such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.
在技術普及方麵，中國也在進步，但需要城鄉分開來看。在中國城市化程度較高的地區，科技飛速發展，幾乎不輸歐美發達城市，諸多世界一流的科技公司紛紛將總部設置在北京、上海、深圳等大都市。
Broader rural areas have also improved, although I remember the last time I went to the countryside was a few years ago. Surprisingly, the modern technology now equipped with farmhouses has narrowed the gap between urban and rural areas to a certain extent. For example, the TV channel receiver at home, or the latest consumer electronics products, and even agricultural equipment have been involved in the Internet of things.
更廣闊的農村地區也有了改善，雖然我記得上一次去農村還是在幾年前，令人驚訝的是，農舍現在配備的現代技術，在一定程度上縮小了城鄉差距，比如家裏的電視頻道接收器，或者最新的消費電子產品，甚至於農用設備都介入了物聯網。
Economically, China has also performed well. Although it is not as luxurious as the most powerful country in the world, it is far ahead of the vast number of developing countries. China's wages are lower than most developed countries, but China's living standards have improved a lot compared with decades ago.
在經濟上，中國也表現優異，雖不像世界上最強大的國家那樣奢華，但相比之於廣大的發展中國家，也是遙遙領先了。中國的工資比大多數發達國家都低，但與幾十年前相比，中國的生活水平確實提升了一大截。
Back to the field of consumer electronics, China is one of Apple's largest profit areas. Apple's sales in Greater China in a quarter reached US $14.76 billion, or about 96 billion yuan. China has a huge middle-class group to support a large light luxury market.
回到消費電子領域，中國是蘋果最大的利潤區之一，蘋果公司一個季度在大中華區的銷售額，達到了147.6億美元，約合人民幣960億元，中國有龐大的中產階級群體支撐起了一大片輕奢市場。
My view is that China is not a country full of dilapidated slums like India and Brazil. China has recovered quite well under the governance of the Communist Party. China is not a single nation but with a large population. China's history always fascinates me. How can they exist as a civilization for a long time and be at the top of the world for a long time?
我的觀點是，中國不是一個像印度和巴西那樣充斥著破敗貧民窟的國家，中國在共產黨的治理之下恢複得相當好，中國不是一個單一的民族，人口眾多，中國的曆史總是讓我著迷，他們如何能夠作為一種文明長期存在，並且長期處於世界之巔的？
In addition, I think I need to clarify the rumors widely circulated in the United States:
此外，我認為我需要澄清在美國廣為流傳的謠言：
• not all Chinese people eat dog meat, and the people who eat dog meat account for less than 0.1% of the national population. In China, even if you eat dog meat, it is also a breeding meat dog rather than a pet dog. Here, you have the freedom to choose whether to eat or not.
•並非所有中國人都吃狗肉，而且吃狗肉的人隻占全國人群的不到一百分之零點一，在中國，就算吃狗肉，也是養殖的肉狗而不是寵物狗，在這裏，你有選擇吃與不吃的自由。
• according to my experience, I never need to wear a gas mask in China, and the area I visited is not so polluted, and China's air quality is improving significantly.
•根據我的經驗，我在中國從來不需要戴防毒麵具，而且我訪問的地區沒有那麽嚴重的汙染，中國的空氣質量水平正在顯著提升。
美國網友約翰•凱特的回答
The answer depends largely on the race and social class of Americans.
答案在很大程度上取決於美國人的種族和社會階層。
First of all, you should know that in the United States, Chinese Americans are on average richer than most other groups, so your view of Chinese people often reflects your own social class more. As a person who grew up in a mixed social class environment, I think I have a unique view on this point.
首先你要知道，在美國，華裔美國人平均來說比大多數其他群體都要富裕，所以你對中國人的看法往往更多地反映了你自己的社會階層。作為一個在混合的社會階層環境中長大的人，我覺得我對這一點有獨特的看法。
Among educated, upper middle class and wealthy Americans, the Chinese are often admired.
在受過教育的、中上階層和富有的美國人中，中國人往往受到欽佩。
My mother has close contacts with Chinese and Japanese in business relations. She often compares the Chinese people's emphasis on culture, professional ethics and technical education with the "fat and lazy" American culture.
我的母親在商業關係中與中國人和日本人來往密切，她經常將中國人對文化、職業道德和對技術教育的重視與“肥胖、懶惰”的美國文化進行比較。
Her view of the Chinese people is as good as her own parents. They work very hard and raise seven children on a meager budget. After thousands of hardships, they all go to college and stand out. Compared with ordinary blue-collar and white-collar workers or Hispanic Americans, she prefers to be with Chinese Americans. After all, the latter doesn't pay much attention to education and is generally lazy.
她對中國人的看法和她自己的父母一樣好，他們工作非常努力，用微薄的預算養育了7個孩子，曆經千辛萬苦，他們都上了大學，然後出人頭地。與普通藍領白領或拉美裔美國人相比，她更喜歡與華裔美國人在一起，畢竟後者不太重視教育，而且普遍懶惰。
Blue collar people have different views on the Chinese people, and are generally more paranoid. In this humble small city on the east coast where I grew up, almost all the working class think the Chinese are "snobbish" and "cheap". Part of the reason is traditional American racism, but there are other factors at work.
藍領階層的人對中國人的看法不同，而且普遍更偏執。在我成長的這個簡陋的東海岸小城市，幾乎所有的工人階級都認為中國人“勢利”和“廉價”。其中一部分原因是美國傳統的種族主義，但也有其他因素在起作用。
The city has a large number of Lao and Cambodian immigrants, who tend to be poorer and pay less attention to education. I have noticed that racism is often a link between two different groups in the working class around the world. White and Hispanic working classes will unite by belittling "lazy" blacks, or blacks and Hispanics will become inseparable because of white "ignorance" and "stupidity". Most of the time, this kind of racism is relatively harmless.
這座城市有大量老撾和柬埔寨移民，他們往往更窮，對教育的重視程度也更低。我注意到，在世界各地的工人階級中，種族主義往往是兩個不同群體之間的紐帶。白人和西班牙裔工人階級將因貶低“懶惰”的黑人而團結在一起，或者黑人和西班牙裔人會因為白人的“無知”和“愚蠢”而結下不解之緣，大多數時候，這種種族主義相對無害。
"Envy the rich and ridicule the poor" is a common psychological phenomenon in the world. In this case, there has been a lot of Anti China sentiment in the Lao / Cambodian community. They and their white / Hispanic neighbors are much poorer than the Chinese. Therefore, the two groups are linked due to common jealousy and prejudice. Therefore, usually the two are incompatible, but when facing the Chinese, they often change their position.
“恨人有，笑人無”是世界普遍的心理現象，在這種情況下，老撾/柬埔寨社區已經存在大量反華情緒，他們和他們的白人/西班牙裔鄰居都比中國人窮得多，故而這兩個群體因共同的嫉妒和偏見而聯係在一起。因此，平時二者水火不容，但當麵對中國人時，他們往往會改變立場。
It is also worth mentioning that many of our views on China are determined by the views of Chinese Americans. Some aspects of Chinese society and culture are often belittled by Chinese Americans, so other Americans will be happy to accept these views, because it will make Americans feel better about their country. If China wants to change its negative impression in the United States, the first problem to be solved is to stop some Chinese Americans from spreading negative information.
還值得一提的是，我們對中國的許多看法都是由華裔美國人的看法所決定的。中國社會和文化的某些方麵經常被華裔美國人所貶低，所以其他美國人也會樂於接受這些觀點，因為這會讓美國人對自己的國家感覺更好，如果中國想要改變自己在美國的負麵印象，首先要解決的問題是，讓一部分華裔停止散布負麵信息。
美國專家托馬斯•帕肯的回答
First of all, most Americans only know a little about other countries, and even have little opinion of neighboring countries such as Canada and Cuba. Many Americans have never really thought about China. Once mentioned, they may confuse China with Japan or other Asian countries.
首先，大多數美國人對其他國家都隻是略知一二，乃至於對加拿大和古巴等鄰國幾乎都沒有什麽看法。很多美國人從來沒有真正想過中國，一旦提及，他們可能會把中國與日本或其他亞洲國家混淆。
Most Americans far from coastal cities have little contact with the Chinese. They may only have a vague stereotype of China, which comes from ancient martial arts films or Chinese themed restaurants.
大多數遠離沿海大城市的美國人與中國人幾乎沒有接觸，他們可能隻對中國有一種模糊的刻板印象，這種印象來自古老的武術電影或中國主題餐廳。
For those Americans who know more about China and global affairs, China's rapid rise as a global power is often discussed in the news. Americans can see narratives about China's economic rise, the relaxation of the one-child policy, China's growth in energy demand (affecting U.S. energy prices) or China's urban air pollution, but that's all, and often biased.
對於那些比較了解中國和全球事務的美國人來說，中國作為一個全球大國的迅速崛起經常在新聞中討論。美國人可以看到關於中國在經濟崛起、獨生子女政策放鬆、中國對能源需求增長（影響美國能源價格）或中國城市空氣汙染的敘事，但也僅此而已，而且往往帶有一定偏見。
Some Americans, especially the elderly, are cautious and distrustful of China. Until recently, some Americans believed that Communist China was the natural enemy of the American people and a threat to the strategic interests of the United States in East Asia. Many elderly Americans who grew up before Nixon's visit to China during the cold war, especially during the Korean War in which McKinsey's doctrine prevailed, may still have this feeling.
一些美國人，尤其是老年人，對中國持謹慎和不信任態度。直到最近，一些美國人還認為共產主義中國是美國人民的天敵，是對美國在東亞戰略利益的威脅，許多在冷戰期間，特別是在麥肯錫主義盛行的朝鮮戰爭期間，尼克鬆訪華之前長大的老年美國人，可能仍有這種感覺。
However, the vast majority of Americans who are really interested in China like China, Chinese culture and history very much, and can be inspired by the long history of China us friendship dating back to the end of the Qing Dynasty.
然而，在真正對中國感興趣的美國人中，絕大多數人都非常喜歡中國、中國文化和曆史，並且可以從追溯到清朝末年的中美友誼的悠久曆史中得到啟發。
China and the United States had a beautiful honeymoon. The United States was the first western country to return Manchu Qing reparations, which were eventually used to establish Tsinghua University; During the democratic revolution, the United States sheltered Sun Yat Sen; The United States sympathized with the plight of Chinese farmers in the 1930s, largely because of the books of the best-selling author Pearl Buck; Due to Japan's aggression against China, the United States stopped selling raw materials to Japan in 1940; Before the great famine in Africa in the 1980s, there was an American saying "think of all the hungry people in China" to warn children who refused to eat.
中美曾有美好的蜜月期。美國是第一個退還滿清賠款的西方國家，這些賠款最終被用來創建清華大學；民主主義革命期間，美國庇護了孫中山；美國非常同情30年代中國農民的困境，這在很大程度上是因為暢銷作家賽珍珠的書籍；由於日本對中國的侵略，美國在1940年停止向日本出售原材料；在80年代非洲發生大饑荒之前，美國有句俗語“想想中國所有挨餓的人”，以此來告誡拒絕吃飯的孩子。
駝峰航線
Today, many Americans believe that China is the only and most important trading partner of the United States and a country with which the United States must cooperate effectively to ensure peace and stability in Asia.
今天，許多美國人認為中國是美國唯一最重要的貿易夥伴，也是美國必須與之有效合作以確保亞洲和平與穩定的國家。
美國專家金凱姆的回答
First of all, here are a few things that ordinary Americans should know about China:
首先，以下是普通美國人應該了解的關於中國的幾件事：
• China has no ambition to dominate the world. In fact, China has never invaded any western countries, and in the past 42 years, China has never launched a war, which makes it the only world power with uninterrupted peace for such a long time.
• 中國沒有稱霸全球的野心。事實上，中國從未入侵過任何西方國家，而且在過去42年中，中國從未發起過一場戰爭，這使它成為有史以來唯一一個擁有如此長時間不間斷和平的世界大國。
• in 2013, China overtook the United States to become the world's largest trading country. It is the largest trading partner of more than 140 countries in the world.
• 2013年，中國超過美國成為世界上最大的貿易國，他是世界一百四十多個國家最大的貿易夥伴。
• China has legitimate and reasonable territorial claims in the South China Sea. Protecting territorial rights and integrity is China's right, not expansionism.
• 中國在南海存在合法合理的領土主張，保護領土權利和完整是中國的權利不是擴張主義。
• China's "the Belt and Road" initiative (BRI) is a large-scale infrastructure project aimed at uniting the world economy. At present, more than 140 of the 195 countries have signed bri agreements, and half of them are implementing bri projects.
• 中國的“一帶一路”倡議（BRI）是一個旨在聯合世界經濟的大規模基礎設施項目，目前，195個國家中已有140多個國家簽署了BRI協議，其中整整一半的國家正在實施BRI項目。
• China is the actual leader of RCEP (regional comprehensive economic partnership). RCEP is the largest free trade group in the world, accounting for one third of the world's GDP and one third of the world's population.
• 中國是RCEP（區域全麵經濟夥伴關係）的實際領導者，RCEP是世界上最大的自由貿易集團，占世界GDP的三分之一和世界人口的三分之一。
• China is helping the global South vaccinate their populations, although the United States has abandoned them by hoarding vaccines.
• 中國正在幫助全球南方為他們的人口接種疫苗，盡管美國已經通過囤積疫苗拋棄了他們。
Finally, China is rapidly expanding its offshore RMB market and was included in the international monetary fund special drawing right (SDR) in October 2016. Finally, China is rapidly expanding its offshore RMB market. After being included in the IMF special drawing right (SDR) basket (as well as the US dollar, euro, Japanese Yen and Sterling) in October 2016, it has almost ensured its status as one of the world's reserve currencies in the future. After the basket (as well as the dollar, euro, yen and Sterling), it almost ensured its position as one of the world's reserve currencies in the future.
最後，中國正在迅速擴大離岸人民幣市場，在2016年10月被納入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權（SDR）籃子（以及美元、歐元、日元和英鎊）後，它幾乎確保了自己作為未來世界儲備貨幣之一的地位。
If China's global commitments (ensuring geopolitical stability in Asia and elsewhere, protecting free trade and promoting climate change initiatives) match China's economic strength, China will become a respected world leader in my eyes as an American. Anyway, for future generations, I hope to see our two countries become closer rather than more hostile in the coming decades, which requires meaningful dialogue and practical concessions on both sides of the Pacific.
如果中國的全球承諾（確保亞洲及其他地區的地緣政治穩定、保護自由貿易、推動氣候變化倡議）與中國的經濟實力相匹配，中國將成為作為美國人在我眼中值得尊敬的世界領導者。不管怎樣，為了子孫後代，我希望看到我們兩國在未來幾十年裏變得更加緊密，而不是更加敵對，這需要太平洋兩岸進行有意義的對話並做出實際讓步。
問題：普通美國人是怎樣看待今日之中國的？
美國網友約瑟夫•萊明的回答
Unfortunately, today ordinary Americans know nothing about the real China. They don't know that the American media show the people a fictional China. The fundamental problem is that ordinary Americans have never been to China or seen China with their own eyes. How can they understand China when their only source of information about China is the western media that cater to the government's propaganda?
很不幸，今天普通美國人對真正的中國一無所知，他們不知道美國媒體向民眾展示著一個虛構的中國。根本問題是，普通美國人從未去過中國，也從未親眼見過中國，當他們唯一關於中國的信息來源是迎合政府宣傳的西方媒體時，他們怎麽可能理解中國？
I visited China in 2015 and 2018. I lived in China when I was a child and have some beautiful and vivid memories of China. I tend to think that China is the birthplace of everything, and their people are full of creativity, which is true, but in the United States, when you mention "China", many people will have empty brains or just come up with some biased views.
我曾於2015年和2018年訪問中國，我小時候住在中國，對中國有一些美好而鮮活的記憶。我傾向於認為中國是一切事物的發源地，他們的人民充滿創造性這是真的，但在美國當你提到“中國”時，很多人都會大腦空空或者幹脆冒出一些偏見看法。
China's rich history is absolutely amazing in world history. It was not until modern times that the Opium War really killed China's pride as a civilized and powerful nation.
中國豐富的曆史在世界曆史上是絕對令人驚歎的，直到近代，鴉片戰爭才真正扼殺了中國作為一個文明和強勢民族的自豪感。
At the social level, China has been making progress. They are open-minded and do not adhere to political correctness as Europe and Americans. They may not be as obsessed with using social media as Americans, but they are really good at learning new things and innovating, as evidenced by the prosperous we media market.
在社會層麵，中國是一直進步的。他們思維開放，又不像歐洲和美國人那樣執著於政治正確，他們可能不像美國人那樣癡迷於使用社交媒體，但他們真的擅長學習新事物並進行創新，繁榮的自媒體市場就是證據。
在技術普及方麵，中國也在進步，但需要城鄉分開來看。在中國城市化程度較高的地區，科技飛速發展，幾乎不輸歐美發達城市，諸多世界一流的科技公司紛紛將總部設置在北京、上海、深圳等大都市。
Broader rural areas have also improved, although I remember the last time I went to the countryside was a few years ago. Surprisingly, the modern technology now equipped with farmhouses has narrowed the gap between urban and rural areas to a certain extent. For example, the TV channel receiver at home, or the latest consumer electronics products, and even agricultural equipment have been involved in the Internet of things.
更廣闊的農村地區也有了改善，雖然我記得上一次去農村還是在幾年前，令人驚訝的是，農舍現在配備的現代技術，在一定程度上縮小了城鄉差距，比如家裏的電視頻道接收器，或者最新的消費電子產品，甚至於農用設備都介入了物聯網。
Economically, China has also performed well. Although it is not as luxurious as the most powerful country in the world, it is far ahead of the vast number of developing countries. China's wages are lower than most developed countries, but China's living standards have improved a lot compared with decades ago.
在經濟上，中國也表現優異，雖不像世界上最強大的國家那樣奢華，但相比之於廣大的發展中國家，也是遙遙領先了。中國的工資比大多數發達國家都低，但與幾十年前相比，中國的生活水平確實提升了一大截。
Back to the field of consumer electronics, China is one of Apple's largest profit areas. Apple's sales in Greater China in a quarter reached US $14.76 billion, or about 96 billion yuan. China has a huge middle-class group to support a large light luxury market.
回到消費電子領域，中國是蘋果最大的利潤區之一，蘋果公司一個季度在大中華區的銷售額，達到了147.6億美元，約合人民幣960億元，中國有龐大的中產階級群體支撐起了一大片輕奢市場。
My view is that China is not a country full of dilapidated slums like India and Brazil. China has recovered quite well under the governance of the Communist Party. China is not a single nation but with a large population. China's history always fascinates me. How can they exist as a civilization for a long time and be at the top of the world for a long time?
我的觀點是，中國不是一個像印度和巴西那樣充斥著破敗貧民窟的國家，中國在共產黨的治理之下恢複得相當好，中國不是一個單一的民族，人口眾多，中國的曆史總是讓我著迷，他們如何能夠作為一種文明長期存在，並且長期處於世界之巔的？
In addition, I think I need to clarify the rumors widely circulated in the United States:
此外，我認為我需要澄清在美國廣為流傳的謠言：
• not all Chinese people eat dog meat, and the people who eat dog meat account for less than 0.1% of the national population. In China, even if you eat dog meat, it is also a breeding meat dog rather than a pet dog. Here, you have the freedom to choose whether to eat or not.
•並非所有中國人都吃狗肉，而且吃狗肉的人隻占全國人群的不到一百分之零點一，在中國，就算吃狗肉，也是養殖的肉狗而不是寵物狗，在這裏，你有選擇吃與不吃的自由。
• according to my experience, I never need to wear a gas mask in China, and the area I visited is not so polluted, and China's air quality is improving significantly.
•根據我的經驗，我在中國從來不需要戴防毒麵具，而且我訪問的地區沒有那麽嚴重的汙染，中國的空氣質量水平正在顯著提升。
美國網友約翰•凱特的回答
The answer depends largely on the race and social class of Americans.
答案在很大程度上取決於美國人的種族和社會階層。
First of all, you should know that in the United States, Chinese Americans are on average richer than most other groups, so your view of Chinese people often reflects your own social class more. As a person who grew up in a mixed social class environment, I think I have a unique view on this point.
首先你要知道，在美國，華裔美國人平均來說比大多數其他群體都要富裕，所以你對中國人的看法往往更多地反映了你自己的社會階層。作為一個在混合的社會階層環境中長大的人，我覺得我對這一點有獨特的看法。
Among educated, upper middle class and wealthy Americans, the Chinese are often admired.
在受過教育的、中上階層和富有的美國人中，中國人往往受到欽佩。
My mother has close contacts with Chinese and Japanese in business relations. She often compares the Chinese people's emphasis on culture, professional ethics and technical education with the "fat and lazy" American culture.
我的母親在商業關係中與中國人和日本人來往密切，她經常將中國人對文化、職業道德和對技術教育的重視與“肥胖、懶惰”的美國文化進行比較。
Her view of the Chinese people is as good as her own parents. They work very hard and raise seven children on a meager budget. After thousands of hardships, they all go to college and stand out. Compared with ordinary blue-collar and white-collar workers or Hispanic Americans, she prefers to be with Chinese Americans. After all, the latter doesn't pay much attention to education and is generally lazy.
她對中國人的看法和她自己的父母一樣好，他們工作非常努力，用微薄的預算養育了7個孩子，曆經千辛萬苦，他們都上了大學，然後出人頭地。與普通藍領白領或拉美裔美國人相比，她更喜歡與華裔美國人在一起，畢竟後者不太重視教育，而且普遍懶惰。
Blue collar people have different views on the Chinese people, and are generally more paranoid. In this humble small city on the east coast where I grew up, almost all the working class think the Chinese are "snobbish" and "cheap". Part of the reason is traditional American racism, but there are other factors at work.
藍領階層的人對中國人的看法不同，而且普遍更偏執。在我成長的這個簡陋的東海岸小城市，幾乎所有的工人階級都認為中國人“勢利”和“廉價”。其中一部分原因是美國傳統的種族主義，但也有其他因素在起作用。
The city has a large number of Lao and Cambodian immigrants, who tend to be poorer and pay less attention to education. I have noticed that racism is often a link between two different groups in the working class around the world. White and Hispanic working classes will unite by belittling "lazy" blacks, or blacks and Hispanics will become inseparable because of white "ignorance" and "stupidity". Most of the time, this kind of racism is relatively harmless.
這座城市有大量老撾和柬埔寨移民，他們往往更窮，對教育的重視程度也更低。我注意到，在世界各地的工人階級中，種族主義往往是兩個不同群體之間的紐帶。白人和西班牙裔工人階級將因貶低“懶惰”的黑人而團結在一起，或者黑人和西班牙裔人會因為白人的“無知”和“愚蠢”而結下不解之緣，大多數時候，這種種族主義相對無害。
"Envy the rich and ridicule the poor" is a common psychological phenomenon in the world. In this case, there has been a lot of Anti China sentiment in the Lao / Cambodian community. They and their white / Hispanic neighbors are much poorer than the Chinese. Therefore, the two groups are linked due to common jealousy and prejudice. Therefore, usually the two are incompatible, but when facing the Chinese, they often change their position.
“恨人有，笑人無”是世界普遍的心理現象，在這種情況下，老撾/柬埔寨社區已經存在大量反華情緒，他們和他們的白人/西班牙裔鄰居都比中國人窮得多，故而這兩個群體因共同的嫉妒和偏見而聯係在一起。因此，平時二者水火不容，但當麵對中國人時，他們往往會改變立場。
It is also worth mentioning that many of our views on China are determined by the views of Chinese Americans. Some aspects of Chinese society and culture are often belittled by Chinese Americans, so other Americans will be happy to accept these views, because it will make Americans feel better about their country. If China wants to change its negative impression in the United States, the first problem to be solved is to stop some Chinese Americans from spreading negative information.
還值得一提的是，我們對中國的許多看法都是由華裔美國人的看法所決定的。中國社會和文化的某些方麵經常被華裔美國人所貶低，所以其他美國人也會樂於接受這些觀點，因為這會讓美國人對自己的國家感覺更好，如果中國想要改變自己在美國的負麵印象，首先要解決的問題是，讓一部分華裔停止散布負麵信息。
美國專家托馬斯•帕肯的回答
First of all, most Americans only know a little about other countries, and even have little opinion of neighboring countries such as Canada and Cuba. Many Americans have never really thought about China. Once mentioned, they may confuse China with Japan or other Asian countries.
首先，大多數美國人對其他國家都隻是略知一二，乃至於對加拿大和古巴等鄰國幾乎都沒有什麽看法。很多美國人從來沒有真正想過中國，一旦提及，他們可能會把中國與日本或其他亞洲國家混淆。
Most Americans far from coastal cities have little contact with the Chinese. They may only have a vague stereotype of China, which comes from ancient martial arts films or Chinese themed restaurants.
大多數遠離沿海大城市的美國人與中國人幾乎沒有接觸，他們可能隻對中國有一種模糊的刻板印象，這種印象來自古老的武術電影或中國主題餐廳。
For those Americans who know more about China and global affairs, China's rapid rise as a global power is often discussed in the news. Americans can see narratives about China's economic rise, the relaxation of the one-child policy, China's growth in energy demand (affecting U.S. energy prices) or China's urban air pollution, but that's all, and often biased.
對於那些比較了解中國和全球事務的美國人來說，中國作為一個全球大國的迅速崛起經常在新聞中討論。美國人可以看到關於中國在經濟崛起、獨生子女政策放鬆、中國對能源需求增長（影響美國能源價格）或中國城市空氣汙染的敘事，但也僅此而已，而且往往帶有一定偏見。
Some Americans, especially the elderly, are cautious and distrustful of China. Until recently, some Americans believed that Communist China was the natural enemy of the American people and a threat to the strategic interests of the United States in East Asia. Many elderly Americans who grew up before Nixon's visit to China during the cold war, especially during the Korean War in which McKinsey's doctrine prevailed, may still have this feeling.
一些美國人，尤其是老年人，對中國持謹慎和不信任態度。直到最近，一些美國人還認為共產主義中國是美國人民的天敵，是對美國在東亞戰略利益的威脅，許多在冷戰期間，特別是在麥肯錫主義盛行的朝鮮戰爭期間，尼克鬆訪華之前長大的老年美國人，可能仍有這種感覺。
However, the vast majority of Americans who are really interested in China like China, Chinese culture and history very much, and can be inspired by the long history of China us friendship dating back to the end of the Qing Dynasty.
然而，在真正對中國感興趣的美國人中，絕大多數人都非常喜歡中國、中國文化和曆史，並且可以從追溯到清朝末年的中美友誼的悠久曆史中得到啟發。
China and the United States had a beautiful honeymoon. The United States was the first western country to return Manchu Qing reparations, which were eventually used to establish Tsinghua University; During the democratic revolution, the United States sheltered Sun Yat Sen; The United States sympathized with the plight of Chinese farmers in the 1930s, largely because of the books of the best-selling author Pearl Buck; Due to Japan's aggression against China, the United States stopped selling raw materials to Japan in 1940; Before the great famine in Africa in the 1980s, there was an American saying "think of all the hungry people in China" to warn children who refused to eat.
中美曾有美好的蜜月期。美國是第一個退還滿清賠款的西方國家，這些賠款最終被用來創建清華大學；民主主義革命期間，美國庇護了孫中山；美國非常同情30年代中國農民的困境，這在很大程度上是因為暢銷作家賽珍珠的書籍；由於日本對中國的侵略，美國在1940年停止向日本出售原材料；在80年代非洲發生大饑荒之前，美國有句俗語“想想中國所有挨餓的人”，以此來告誡拒絕吃飯的孩子。
駝峰航線Today, many Americans believe that China is the only and most important trading partner of the United States and a country with which the United States must cooperate effectively to ensure peace and stability in Asia.
今天，許多美國人認為中國是美國唯一最重要的貿易夥伴，也是美國必須與之有效合作以確保亞洲和平與穩定的國家。
美國專家金凱姆的回答
First of all, here are a few things that ordinary Americans should know about China:
首先，以下是普通美國人應該了解的關於中國的幾件事：
• China has no ambition to dominate the world. In fact, China has never invaded any western countries, and in the past 42 years, China has never launched a war, which makes it the only world power with uninterrupted peace for such a long time.
• 中國沒有稱霸全球的野心。事實上，中國從未入侵過任何西方國家，而且在過去42年中，中國從未發起過一場戰爭，這使它成為有史以來唯一一個擁有如此長時間不間斷和平的世界大國。
• in 2013, China overtook the United States to become the world's largest trading country. It is the largest trading partner of more than 140 countries in the world.
• 2013年，中國超過美國成為世界上最大的貿易國，他是世界一百四十多個國家最大的貿易夥伴。
• China has legitimate and reasonable territorial claims in the South China Sea. Protecting territorial rights and integrity is China's right, not expansionism.
• 中國在南海存在合法合理的領土主張，保護領土權利和完整是中國的權利不是擴張主義。
• China's "the Belt and Road" initiative (BRI) is a large-scale infrastructure project aimed at uniting the world economy. At present, more than 140 of the 195 countries have signed bri agreements, and half of them are implementing bri projects.
• 中國的“一帶一路”倡議（BRI）是一個旨在聯合世界經濟的大規模基礎設施項目，目前，195個國家中已有140多個國家簽署了BRI協議，其中整整一半的國家正在實施BRI項目。
• China is the actual leader of RCEP (regional comprehensive economic partnership). RCEP is the largest free trade group in the world, accounting for one third of the world's GDP and one third of the world's population.
• 中國是RCEP（區域全麵經濟夥伴關係）的實際領導者，RCEP是世界上最大的自由貿易集團，占世界GDP的三分之一和世界人口的三分之一。
• China is helping the global South vaccinate their populations, although the United States has abandoned them by hoarding vaccines.
• 中國正在幫助全球南方為他們的人口接種疫苗，盡管美國已經通過囤積疫苗拋棄了他們。
Finally, China is rapidly expanding its offshore RMB market and was included in the international monetary fund special drawing right (SDR) in October 2016. Finally, China is rapidly expanding its offshore RMB market. After being included in the IMF special drawing right (SDR) basket (as well as the US dollar, euro, Japanese Yen and Sterling) in October 2016, it has almost ensured its status as one of the world's reserve currencies in the future. After the basket (as well as the dollar, euro, yen and Sterling), it almost ensured its position as one of the world's reserve currencies in the future.
最後，中國正在迅速擴大離岸人民幣市場，在2016年10月被納入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權（SDR）籃子（以及美元、歐元、日元和英鎊）後，它幾乎確保了自己作為未來世界儲備貨幣之一的地位。
If China's global commitments (ensuring geopolitical stability in Asia and elsewhere, protecting free trade and promoting climate change initiatives) match China's economic strength, China will become a respected world leader in my eyes as an American. Anyway, for future generations, I hope to see our two countries become closer rather than more hostile in the coming decades, which requires meaningful dialogue and practical concessions on both sides of the Pacific.
如果中國的全球承諾（確保亞洲及其他地區的地緣政治穩定、保護自由貿易、推動氣候變化倡議）與中國的經濟實力相匹配，中國將成為作為美國人在我眼中值得尊敬的世界領導者。不管怎樣，為了子孫後代，我希望看到我們兩國在未來幾十年裏變得更加緊密，而不是更加敵對，這需要太平洋兩岸進行有意義的對話並做出實際讓步。
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