從帝國排行榜上看到的

網上找到一張有史以來所有帝國按麵積，人口的排行榜，收獲不少。所謂帝國，按定義是an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress. 所以當今的中美俄等不能算。從這張表上，可以分析出很多一般書上看不到的東西。

蒙古帝國所有分支加起來也沒大英帝國大，這有點意外。俄國現有領土是1700多萬，比沙俄要小500多萬，蘇聯應該和沙俄差不多，如此看來可以理解普京對蘇聯解體的憤憤不平了，損失了近500萬地確實是個大挫敗。法國在二戰敗於德國時還擁有1200萬的殖民地，可不能小看了，所以以後還給放上了常任理事國。葡萄牙都曾是坐地千萬的殖民大國，更別提西班牙了。而象荷蘭，比利時，丹麥等都有幾百萬的地。就領土而言，西方的殖民主義確實是胃口很大，得益也多，中國沒有趕上這趟車虧了。

二戰的挑起國德國最大也沒超過350萬，而與它實力相當的英法都用千萬計算了。這難怪德國要發動戰爭了，如列寧分析的那樣。日本曾混到700多萬，還是蠻拚的。意大利也到350萬，無利不起早啊，他們發動戰爭還是有可觀的利益驅動的。

中國朝代裏最大的還是元清異族統治時期，漢族最大的明，漢也隻有600多萬，可能還是鼎盛時期。唐隻有500多萬，北宋隻有300多萬。唐代的敵人都很大，土番，東西突厥甚至樓蘭都有400萬以上。宋的敵人金，遼麵積和宋不相上下，所以現在的北方地區當時應該都不在漢人的轄區內。明滅元後，北元仍有500多萬，說明這並非一場殲滅戰，而隻是把蒙古人驅逐出了中原。

從這張表還可以分析很多，曆史就象科學一樣，可以通過分析研究得到很多，這也是一件很有趣味的事。希望大家也能從這張表中找到自己想知道的東西。

名稱                                      麵積（百萬平方公裏）  人口（百萬）

British Empire	33.7[1]	533.0 (in 1938)[3]
Mongol Empire	33.0[4][5][6][7]	110.0 (in the 13th century)[9]
Russian Empire	22.8	176.4 (in 1913)
Spanish Empire	19.4[12][13][14]	68.2 (in the 17th century)
Umayyad Caliphate	15.0[15]	62.0 (in the 7th century)
Yuan dynasty	14.0	59.8 in 1291.[17][18]
Qing dynasty	13.1	432.2 in 1851.[19]
Second French colonial empire	12.3	112.9 in 1938
Abbasid Caliphate	11.1	44.0 (in 850)
Portuguese Empire	10.4	—
Macedonian Empire	8.6	50 (in the 4th century BC)
Achaemenid Empire	8.5	50.0 (in 480 BC)[23]
Empire of Brazil	8.5	14 (in 1889)[25]
Rashidun Caliphate	8.4	40.3
First French colonial empire	8.1	30 (in 1754)[27]
Empire of Japan	7.4	134.8 in 1938
Sasanian Empire	6.6	25.0 (in the 7th century AD)
Ming dynasty	6.5	110.0 in 1600.[29][30]
Han dynasty	6.5[31]	58.0 (in 2 AD)[17][33]
Göktürk Khaganate	6.0	6.0
Golden Horde Khanate	6.0	—
Timurid Empire	6.0	50.00 (in the 15th Century)
Tang dynasty	5.5[34]	50.0 (in the 8th century)
Ottoman Empire	5.2	35.3 in 1856
Roman Empire	5.0[8][35]	70.0 (in the 2nd century AD)[36][37][38]
Maurya Empire	5.0	50–60 million in the 2nd century BC
Mughal Empire	5.0	150.0 (in 1700)
Northern Yuan dynasty	5.0	—
First Mexican Empire	4.9	—
Xin dynasty	4.70	—
Pala Empire	4.6[citation needed]	60.0 (in the 3rd Century)
Tibetan Empire	4.6	25.0
Afsharid dynasty	4.5	60 (in 1740s)
Fatimid Caliphate	4.1	—
Xiongnu Empire	4.03	—
Hephthalite Empire	4.0	—
Hunnic Empire	4.0	—
Eastern Turkic Khaganate	4.0	—
Rouran Khaganate Juan-juan	4.0	—
Western Turkic Khaganate	4.0	—
Great Seljuq Empire	3.9	—
Italian Empire	3.8	51.9 (in 1938)
Kushan Empire	3.8	42.37 (in the 2nd Century)
Ilkhanate	3.75	—
Dutch Empire	3.7	60.0 (in 1940)
Chola Empire	3.6	—
Khwarazmian Empire	3.6	20.0 in 1200
Greater German Reich	3.6	70.8 (in 1942)
Byzantine Empire	3.5	30.0 (in 555–600)
German Empire	3.5	64.9 in 1914
Chagatai Khanate	3.5	—
Gupta Empire	3.5	—
Northern Song Dynasty	3.5	123.0 in 1103[17][50]
Safavid dynasty	3.5	—
Khanate of Bukhara	3.5	—
Western Jin dynasty	3.5	48.0 in 1195.[17][51]
Phoenician Empire	3.4	—
Ghaznavid Empire,Afghanistan	3.4	—
Almoravid dynasty, Morocco	3.3	—
Ghurids Sultanate	3.2	—
Tughlaq dynasty	3.2	—
Karkota Dynasty of Kashmir	3.09[citation needed]	—
Median Empire	3.1	—
Parthian Empire	3.1	—
Sui Dynasty	3.1	53.0 in 606[17][52]
Uyghur Khaganate	3.1	—
Danish Colonial Empire	3.0	—
Grand Duchy of Moscow	3.0	—
Kalmar Union	3.0	—
Kara-Khanid Khanate	3.0	—
Khazar Khanate	3.0	—
Qajar dynasty	3.0	—
Seleucid Empire	3.0	—
Samanid dynasty	2.85	—
Eastern Jin dynasty	2.8	—
Liu Song dynasty	2.8	—
Maratha Empire	2.8	—
Qin dynasty	2.8	—
Khilji dynasty	2.7	—
Majapahit Empire	2.7	—
Liao dynasty	2.6	—
Belgian Empire	2.5	—
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom	2.5	—
Hotaki Empire,Afghanistan	2.5	—
Jurchen Jin dynasty	2.3	—
Qara Khitai (Western Liao)	2.5	—
Later Zhao dynasty	2.5	—
Indo-Greek Kingdom	2.5	—
Southern Qi dynasty	2.3	—
Southern Song dynasty	2.1	73.0 in 1193.[17][53]
Bahriyya Mamluks	2.1	—
Burjiyya Mamluks	2.1	—
First French Empire	2.1	—
Kievan Rus	2.1	—
Ayyubid Caliphate	2.0	—
Durrani Empire,Afghanistan	2.0	—
Wei dynasty	2.0	—
Earlier Zhao dynasty	2.0	64 in 156[17][55]
Former Qin dynasty	2.0	—
Western Roman Empire	2.0	—
Northern Wei dynasty	2.0	—
Saffarid dynasty, Iran	2.0	—
Almohad Caliphate	2.0	—
Satavahana Empire	2.0	—
Inca Empire	2.0	—
Second Mexican Empire	2.0	—
Gurjara Pratihara	1.8	—
Sibir Khanate	1.8	—
Rashtrakuta dynasty	1.7	—
Buyid Sultanate	1.6	—
Mamluk Sultanate	1.6	—
Indo-Parthian Kingdom	1.5	—
Wu Dynasty	1.5	—
Northern Zhou Dynasty	1.5	—
Nanda Dynasty	1.5	—
Indo-Scythian Kingdom	1.5	—
Tulunids Emirate	1.5	—
Idrisid dynasty, Morocco	1.5	—
Sur Empire	1.5	—
Neo-Assyrian Empire	1.4	—
Songhai Empire	1.4	—
Zand dynasty	1.4	—
Empire of Harsha	1.35	—
Liang Dynasty	1.3	—
Western Wei Dynasty	1.3	—
Later Liang	1.3	—
Later Tang	1.3	—
Taungoo Dynasty	1.3	3.0
Mali Empire	1.29	—
Siam Empire	1.29	—
Shang Dynasty	1.25	—
Western Zhou Dynasty	1.25	—
Aksumite Empire	1.25	—
Khmer Empire	1.2

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