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與潤濤閻討論: 石油泄漏而汙染的墨西哥海灣真的幹淨了嗎?

(2010-08-25 17:13:29) 下一個
與潤濤閻討論: 石油泄漏而汙染的墨西哥海灣真的幹淨了嗎?

繼上次潤濤閻對天安艦沉沒事件忽悠後, 最近老閻又寫了一篇墨西哥海灣遊記,其中用科普道理來解釋由於石油泄漏而汙染的墨西哥海灣又轉危為安。其中充滿謬誤,一一指出作為討論:

原文:仔細檢查從海裏衝上來的海草,沒有油。用手觸摸,也沒有油。

[評論:既是科普,是否應該尊重最基本的科學知識,而不是生活中的常識吧: 海草有無油,得用儀器檢測,色譜,質譜,色-質聯用現在是基本用於石油化工物質分析的儀器。難道你的手是分離器和檢測器比上帝的手的手還零,一感覺就知道有沒有油,豈不知那油的含量可能小於mmp或ppm級; 要真正的檢測或許還需要富集技術從成噸的海水提取油。]

原文: “其實,媒體的狂轟濫炸原因一個是金錢利益的驅使,比如讓BP多賠錢,另一個是政治的操縱,比如給奧巴馬臉上抹黑。但也不能排除新聞界人士的知識欠缺。很多科盲,對種群生態學、微生物學的常識一竅不通。 ”

【評論:大嘴自吹吧, 把別人說成科盲是否就說明你是個內行呢? 起碼在我這個普通的讀者看來,你的石油知識和微生物的常識也不足嘛】。

原文:當時看到很多人對墨西哥海灣漏油的後果預料的那麽可怕,是什麽自古以來最大的環境汙染、影響到大海的大量生物甚至導致很多物種消失,幾年甚至幾十年都無法徹底恢複到以前的狀態。我那時對這些報道一笑了之。

【評論:自以為是的自嘲吧: 對環境影響如何結論需要用科學研究來證明,至少得個幾年甚至更長吧】

原文:大海裏的微生物種類繁多,任何大分子,都會被微生物降解掉的。

【評論:“任何大分子,都會被微生物降解掉的。”是無知的斷言, 典型例子: 百年的沉船,裏麵可是含有許多大分子,有金屬,和有機,氧化物。】

原文:石油,就是由兩種原子組成的鏈,一個是碳原子,一個是氫原子。碳鏈越長,流動性越低。汽油是由7個碳和8個碳構成的。9個碳和10個碳的就是煤油了。然後是柴油,柴油更長的碳鏈是蠟,然後是瀝青。比瀝青碳鏈還長的那就是還沒有成為液體的煤了。

【評論:石油組分很複雜, 除了氫,碳外其中還含有大量的氮,氧,硫雜原子和金屬原子, 而這些含雜原子的有機物質大部分是有毒或劇毒物質,對海鳥,魚類和人類環境有危害很大,所以BP漏油需要長期的跟蹤研究】

原文:大海裏的一些細菌能消化石油,把石油作為食物,這些細菌在大海裏的比例很低,平時靠其它食物為生。突然間得到了如此多的石油,天下掉了餡餅,必然立刻大量繁殖。這就很快形成了海洋細菌的新的生態群落。別說BP把漏油的油井給堵死了,就是不堵死,用不了多久,大量繁殖的細菌也會得到新的生態平衡,出多少石油就被消化掉多少,跟汽車燒掉是一樣的結局,變成二氧化碳。當然,油井堵上了,那些細菌也就很快死掉,又恢複到了過去的生態平衡狀態。

【評論:你這段話完全是誤導: 大海裏的一些細菌能降解某些石油成分並非全部成分,並且通常降解過程較長。“出多少石油就被消化掉多少”完全是科盲的話吧, 大海是個開放體係, 石油泄漏汙染隨大海水流動擴散和稀釋。至於用多長時間可以消除這次泄漏的影響,需要科學跟蹤研究】。
原文:石油中容易揮發的汽油部分很快揮發到天上去了,剩下的就被細菌給消化掉了。這就是為何現在墨西哥海灣與過去的夏天毫無二致的原因。

【評論:“為何現在墨西哥海灣與過去的夏天毫無二致的原因” 是無根據的結論,真不敢相信你哥們對科學是怎樣的認識】


在原文的跟貼中,有網友 拉力 評論如下:
不是你眼睛看不見,覺得大海很藍,就沒事了。

這次漏油是來自海洋深處的原油屬較重的混合物。這種石油不會像普通石油般快速蒸發,而是容易與海水產生乳化作用,也難以讓“吃石油”的微生物吃掉。這次來自海底井口的原油,其噴發時間尚難確定,並且受到海水動力和波浪條件的影響更大,乳化作用更強,原油與海水的混合程度也要更高一些。

原油與海水混合後,就會改變了海水的理化參數。 而且形成一層油膜,肉眼看得見或看不見。海灣戰爭中,大量原油入海,先後形成三片共約1200平方公裏的油膜,造成世界上最大的海洋石油汙染,其汙染幾十年都難以消除。

換句話說, 你把墨西哥灣的海水拿去和別的地方的海水做分析,眼睛看上去都差不多,但結果會顯示墨西哥灣的海水裏的油粒子是別的地方多少倍的。而且這個是要很多年之後才會慢慢下來的。(這個是一個老美電視都做過的調查試驗,你可以google一下)

至於人接觸這種汙染後的海水對皮膚,眼睛,鼻子,內髒(因為總會有一些微量的海水通過鼻嘴進入人體的)有什麽長期的惡性影響,現在醫學還沒有定論,但我是不會冒這個險,以自己來做小白鼠的。。。



潤濤閻原文 鏈接: http://blog.wenxuecity.com/blogview.php?date=201008&postID=22933
寂寞、幹淨的墨西哥海灣 潤濤閻 8-22-10
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9753 回複 悄悄話 U.S. says BP permanently "kills" Gulf of Mexico well
Sun Sep 19, 3:58 PM
By Kristen Hays


HOUSTON (Reuters) - With a final shot of cement, BP Plc permanently "killed" its deep-sea well in the Gulf of Mexico that ruptured in April and unleashed the worst oil spill in U.S. history, the top U.S. spill official said on Sunday.
Some 153 days after the Macondo well ruptured, the U.S. government confirmed that BP had succeeded in drilling a relief well nearly 18,000 feet below the ocean surface and permanently sealing the well with cement.
"The Macondo 252 well is effectively dead," retired Coast Guard Admiral Thad Allen, who has overseen the U.S. government's response, said in a statement. "We can now state, definitively, that the Macondo well poses no continuing threat to the Gulf of Mexico."
President Barack Obama, whose public approval ratings were hurt by public discontent over the U.S. government's initial response to the spill, welcomed the long-awaited development as an "important milestone."
Obama said his administration was now focused on making sure the Gulf Coast "recovers fully from this disaster."
"This road will not be easy, but we will continue to work closely with the people of the Gulf to rebuild their livelihoods and restore the environment that supports them," Obama said in a statement.
On Thursday, a relief well bored into the bottom of the Macondo well to pump in cement and seal the reservoir for good. BP pumped cement for seven hours on Friday, and finished a pressure test early on Sunday that showed the well was permanently clogged, Allen said.
ANTICLIMACTIC END
The development provided an anticlimactic end to the disaster nearly five months after the well ruptured on April 20, causing an explosion aboard the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig that killed 11 workers and spewed more than 4 million barrels of oil into the sea.
Tony Hayward, BP's gaffe-prone chief executive who absorbed the brunt of public anger over the spill, called the final plugging "a significant milestone," and reiterated the company's commitment to cleaning up the mess.
The spill marred the coasts of four U.S. Gulf states, prompted a ban on new deepwater drilling and left BP's image in tatters in the United States, home to 40 percent of the London-based oil giant's business.
The disaster also wiped about $70 billion from BP's market value and spurred BP to replace Hayward with an American, Bob Dudley, effective October 1.
Oil spewed unchecked into the sea from the mile-deep (1.6 km deep) well for 87 straight days until July 15, when BP engineers sealed it with a cap. By then, the well had gushed more than 16 times as much as the 257,000 barrels of oil spilled by the Exxon Valdez disaster in Alaska in 1989.
For the U.S. offshore drilling industry, which is reeling from a deepwater drilling ban imposed by the White House soon after the spill, uncertainty still abounds.
Operators in the Gulf -- long considered a haven from the political uncertainties of Venezuela and Russia -- will now have to contend with stricter federal regulations that will make it harder and more expensive to drill.
"There's clearly a sense that the page has been turned now," said Daniel Yergin, oil industry historian and chairman of IHS CERA. "It's now the day after for the oil and gas industry in the Gulf."
In New Orleans, which has seen its tourism and seafood industries hurt by the spill, word of the well's permanent demise brought little rejoicing.
"I feel like any world citizen would in this crisis -- that it was a threat to the entire world ecology," said Carey Beckham, a partner at Beckham Bookshop in the French Quarter. "I'm relieved, but the jury's still out."
(Additional reporting by Chris Baltimore in Houston, Ross Colvin in Washington and Mary Rickard in New Orleans; Editing by Philip Barbara)



LINK:
http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/reuters/100919/n_top_news/cnews_us_oil_spill_kill
9753 回複 悄悄話 美國海岸警衛隊消息稱墨西哥灣爆炸油井附近現石油光澤

http://web.wenxuecity.com/BBSView.php?SubID=currentevent&MsgID=350577


美國海岸警衛隊2日表示,在當天發生爆炸並起火的海上鑽井平台附近已經出現了一英裏長的石油光澤。

  美國海岸警衛隊發言人愛德華茲( John Edwards )當天表示,爆炸沒有造成人員死亡。鑽井平台上的13人都已被救起。

  白宮新聞秘書吉布斯(Robert Gibbs) 表示,奧巴馬總統目前正在參加一個國家安全會議,尚不清楚他是否已知悉此事。吉布斯稱,一旦接到附近海域受汙染的報告,他們就部署行動。

  海岸警衛隊的司令官Cheri Ben-Eisai表示,落水者被一艘近海服務船救起後送往附近的鑽井平台,之後又乘飛機前往霍馬(Houma)的一家醫院接受檢查。Ben-Eisai透露,有一名落水者受傷。但爆炸鑽井平台的所有者、總部設在休斯頓的Mariner Energy, Inc.公司稱沒有人員受傷。

  Mariner Energy, Inc.公司目前已經知道了爆炸事件,並與海岸警衛隊一道對事故做出了反應。爆炸原因目前還不清楚,但該公司在一份聲明中稱,他們將對事故原因進行調查。Mariner Energy, Inc.公司早些時候表示,海麵上的油光表明石油正在泄漏。

  爆炸的鑽井平台距路易斯安那海岸100海裏,是一座固定的石油平台,在起火時仍然在生產。此次爆炸的鑽井平台位於水下340英尺處,與4月爆炸的“深水地平線”油井平台相比算是淺水平台。該鑽井平台每天可生產58,800加侖石油和90萬立方英尺的天然氣,可存儲4,200加侖的石油。

  Ben-Eisai表示,7架海岸警衛隊的直升機、兩架飛機和三艘快艇已經分別從新奧爾良(New Orleans)、休斯頓和Mobile, Ala.出發,前往出事地點。

  當地時間9月2日上午9時30分左右,墨西哥灣再次發生海上鑽井爆炸事故,爆炸地點位於4月份發生爆炸的“深水地平線”油井的以西,距離路易斯安那海岸中部的弗米利恩灣(Vermilion Bay)約80英裏。
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