The Arnolfini Portrait(1434) -by Jan van Eyck.

阿爾諾非尼夫婦(Portrait of Arnolfini and his Wife)由荷蘭畫家揚·凡·埃克畫於1434年。該畫收藏於英國國家美術館。

簡介

畫家於鏡上方位置簽名："Jan can Eyck was here."

畫中人都脫了鞋，代表聖潔，暗示正進行神聖儀式，即結婚。畫中女人頭戴白頭紗，亦暗示正在結婚。隻有一枝蠟燭，就代表了上帝。橙代表了財富，亦是代表神聖的。小狗則代表忠誠，借此為婚姻祝福。

 

Jan van Eyck or Johannes de Eyck (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɑn vɑn ˈɛjk]; before c. 1395 – before July 9, 1441) was a Flemish painter active in Bruges and considered one of the best Northern European painters of the 15th century.

 

The Arnolfini Portrait is an oil painting on oak panel dated 1434 by the Early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck. It is also known as The Arnolfini Wedding, The Arnolfini Marriage, The Arnolfini Double Portrait or the Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife.

This painting is believed to be a portrait of the Italian merchant Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and his wife, presumably in their home in the Flemish city of Bruges. It is considered one of the most original and complex paintings in Western art history. Both signed and dated by Van Eyck in 1434, it is, with the Ghent Altarpiece by the same artist and his brother Hubert, the oldest very famous panel painting to have been executed in oils rather than in tempera. The painting was bought by the National Gallery in London in 1842.

The illusionism of the painting was remarkable for its time, in part for the rendering of detail, but particularly for the use of light to evoke space in an interior, for "its utterly convincing depiction of a room, as well of the people who inhabit it".[

Identity of subjects

This painting was long believed to be a portrait of Giovanni di Arrigo Arnolfini and his wife Giovanna Cenami in a Flemish bedchamber, but it was established in 1997 that they were married in 1447, thirteen years after the date on the painting and six years after van Eyck's death. It is now believed that the subject is Giovanni di Arrigo's cousin Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and his wife. This is either an undocumented second wife, or, according to a recent proposal, his first wife Costanza Trenta, who had died by February 1433.[2] This would make the painting partly a memorial portrait, showing one living and one dead person. Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini was an Italian merchant, originally from Lucca, but resident in Bruges since at least 1419.[3] He is the subject of a further portrait by Van Eyck in Berlin, leading to speculation he was a friend of the artist

揚•凡•愛克（Jan Van Eyck），1835年出生於荷蘭馬塞克城，是尼德蘭繪畫的奠基者。1425年揚•凡•愛克任菲力蒲•盧•蓬公爵的宮廷畫師，曾經充任使節到過葡萄牙等地。他以寫實的精細描寫和微妙的光影表現，使作品聞名於世。他把神聖的內容拉入現實世界中，著力描繪現實生活、現世人生的豐富多彩。
　　他最擅長的是肖像畫，他能擺脫中世紀那種拘謹的傳統，真實地描繪對象的個性，賦予形象以典型的市民氣息，他的名作《阿爾諾芬尼夫婦像》就是典型的代表。該作品描繪了尼德蘭一個典型的富裕市民的新婚家庭，他用極其細膩的筆調，逼真地刻畫了年輕夫婦的肖像，尤其對室內的陳設，包括牆上、房頂的裝飾，描繪得一絲不苟，展現出畫家所特有的書籍插圖畫的功力。作品在光影、體積、空間、質感的塑造上，在色彩的飽和度、鮮豔度、刻畫的精確度、真實程度和深入程度上都超越了同時代的意大利。
　　在歐洲藝術發展史上，相當長的一段時間，他和他的兄弟胡貝特被認為是油畫技法的發明者，雖然這種說法受到了懷疑，但他創製了一種完善的油彩溶劑，使他的作品得以保存至今而色彩幾乎未變，是毫無疑問的。楊•凡•艾克於1441年去世時，達•芬奇、米開朗基羅、拉菲爾等意大利文藝複興的藝術巨匠還都未出生。

(http://www.tubaba.com/art/2007/0605/image_1900_18.html )