新概念美音版第四冊 Lesson 11 How to grow old 如何安度晚年

 


 

Lesson 11  How to grow old 如何安度晚年

First listen and then answer the following question.

聽錄音，然後回答以下問題。

What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?

    Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls.
 
Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.

                              BERTRAND RUSSELL How to grow old from Portraits from Memory

New words and expressions 生詞和短語

    oppress
v.  憂鬱，壓抑
    justification
n.  正當理由
    justifiably
adv. 無可非議地
    cheat
v.  欺騙
    abject
adj. 可憐的
    ignoble
adj. 不體麵的，可恥的
    impersonal
adj. 超脫個人感情影響的
    ego
n.  自我
    receded
v.  退去
    increasing
adv. 日益，不斷
    passionately
adv. 激昂地
    painlessly
adv. 毫無痛苦地
    vitality
n.  精力
    weariness
n.  疲憊感

參考譯文
 
    有些老年人因為怕死而感到煩惱。青年人有這種感覺是情有可原的。有理由害怕自己會死在戰場上的年輕人，想到自己被剝奪了生活所能給予的最美好的東西時，感到痛苦，這是可以理解的。可是老年人已經飽嚐了人間的甘苦，一切能做的都做了，如果怕死，就有點兒可憐又可鄙。克服怕死的最好辦法 -- 至少在我看來是這樣 -- 就是逐漸使自己的興趣更加廣泛，逐漸擺脫個人狹小的圈子，直到自我的圍牆一點一點地倒塌下來，自己的生活慢慢地和整個宇宙的生活融合在一起。個人的存在應該像一條河流，開始很小，被緊緊地夾在兩岸中間，接著熱情奔放地衝過巨石，飛下瀑布。然後河麵漸漸地變寬，兩岸後撤，河水流得平緩起來，最後連綿不斷地匯入大海，毫無痛苦地失去了自我的存在。上了年紀的人這樣看待生命，就不會有懼怕死亡的心情了，因為自己關心的一切事件都會繼續下去。 再者，隨著精力的衰退，老年人的疲憊會增長，有長眠的願望未嚐不是一件好事情，我希望工作到死為止，明白了有人會繼續我的未竟事業，想到能做的事都做了，也就坦然了。