Depends - 回複:F1這次rejected,還可以回國簽證嗎?謝謝!
If you filed I-485 with I-140 together a few days ago with one payment which caused rejection of your both I-140 and I-485, you are fine to apply F visa overseas.
Otherwise, you will have to check "36. Has Anyone Ever Filed an Immigrant Visa Petition on Your Behalf?" on DS-156 which kills you by yourself, resulting from your I-140 filing.