Fines for illegal immigrants are primarily based on two federal laws: 8 U.S.C. § 1325 (improper entry by an alien) and 8 U.S.C. § 1324 (bringing and harboring certain aliens). These laws, along with the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) of 1996, provide the legal framework for civil and criminal penalties, including fines, for various immigration offenses.