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all spheres of human activity are affected by the interplay between social structure and individual agency modernity: industrialization, urbanization, secularization, rationalization Social organization: groups,stratification,mobility,bureaucracy, ethnic groups and relations,family, education, politics, religion, economy, ..... Social psychology: human nature as an outcome of group life, social attitudes, collective behavior, and personality formation. group life/individual's traits, attitudes, beliefs Social change and disorganization: juvenile delinquency, criminality, drug addiction, family conflicts, divorce, population problems,.... Human ecology: prevalence of mental illness, criminality, delinquencies, prostitution,drug addiction in urban centers and other highly developed places. Demography: number, composition, change, and quality as they influence the economic, political, and social system. ..........