陳叔涵 2022年5月18日

眾所周知，中華人民共和國，也就是俗稱的中共國，成立於一九四九年十月，自其成立至今，從未占領過台灣，從未統治過台灣。換句話說，中共國從來不曾擁有過台灣。既然從來不曾擁有，那麽，台灣與中共國就不存在統屬關係。就好比美國從未擁有過天安門廣場，天安門廣場也從來都不是美國的領土一樣。任何人對於自己從來不曾擁有過的東西，都無資格聲稱所有權。若中共可以聲稱台灣是中共國的一部分，那麽，世界上任何一個人都可以聲稱北京是他家財產的一部分。

中共之所以一直宣稱台灣是中共國的一部分，那是因為中共自認為中共國能夠代表曆史上的中國。然而，鐵的事實就是：中共國無權代表曆史上的中國！

中國曆史悠久，朝代眾多，其疆域從秦始皇時代開始，一直到今天，都是一個動態的概念，不是靜態的。也就是說，中國的疆域不是固定的，一直處在變化之中。秦朝的疆域，不要說與清朝相差懸殊，就是與漢朝相比，也不可同日而語。若說當今的中華人民共和國可以代表曆史上的中國，那就非常荒謬。因為不管中共國說它代表曆史上的哪個王朝，它都必須先複原那個王朝的領土。沒有占據那個王朝的領土，就不可言主權，自然也就不能代表。比方說，若中共國代表曆史上的唐王朝。那麽，唐王朝時，貝加爾湖屬於中國的領土，史稱小海。但是，如今的貝加爾湖早就不是中國的領土了，中共能把貝加爾湖收回來嗎？可見，對於任何一個政權來說，領土和統轄權都是必不可少的，正所謂皮之不存毛將焉附？對於一塊既沒有占領又沒有統轄權的領土，一個政權是無法代表它的。有鑒於此，當今的中共國所能代表的僅限於被中共占據的領土，即，被中共政權所統轄的領土；那些在曆史上曾經屬於中國，但沒有被中共占據的領土，中共國均無權代表，更無資格聲稱對這些領土擁有主權。很簡單，中共不曾擁有過的領土，中共怎麽可以聲稱對其擁有主權呢？！

由上可知，中共國外交部動不動就說，某某地方自古就是中國的領土，本身就很荒唐！自古，何為古？以哪一年為界？若不能界定古自何始，當中共國這樣說的時候，蒙古國就笑了。因為在元朝的時候，不要說整個中國，就是半個歐洲以及當今的俄羅斯，都屬於蒙古國的領土。所以，提自古就一定會鬧笑話。那麽，中國的疆域究竟以何時的為準呢？要不然，動不動就說自古以來，那樣爭吵下去，肯定沒完沒了！

中國的疆域，隻能是以大清王朝為準。大清是中國最後一個王朝，最後一位皇帝也因此被稱為末代皇帝。通俗地說，無論一個女人結婚多少次，隻能以她的最後一任丈夫為合法配偶。大清以前的任何一個王朝都不能作為中國疆域的界定標準，要麽是疆域太狹小，如秦朝，當今的新疆、西藏都不包含在內；要麽是疆域太龐大，如元朝，幾乎五分之一的地球都是中國的領土。最關鍵的是，清朝是中國政體由帝製轉型為民國的一個劃時代的時間節點，並且政權的移交方式也是獨一無二的，即，中華民國繼承了大清王朝的領土和主權，這是其它任何王朝都無法代替的。因此，中國的疆域隻能以清代為依據。

當今的中共國顯然不能代表曆史上的清朝。首先，中共國的領土比清朝少三百多萬平方公裏，其次，在法理上，中共國的領土與大清不存在繼承關係。與大清領土存在繼承關係的國家政權是中華民國，有清帝退位詔書為證。目前中共國所占有之領土，是中共在境外敵對勢力的扶持下，依靠暴力從中華民國手中搶奪過來的一大部分，並不是中華民國領土的全部。然而，中共國卻拒不承認中華民國並且刻意否定中華民國的曆史。有鑒於此，中共國不光在疆域上不能代表清朝，就連其占有的領土也不是從大清王朝繼承，那就更不能代表曆史上的清朝了，因為缺少繼承性。中國人常常引以為傲的是中國曆史的完整性，然而，完整性從何而來？那就是繼承性和連續性。沒有繼承性，也就沒有連續性，沒有連續性，何來完整性？中共政權不是繼承自大清，更不是繼承自民國。因此，中共國就更不夠資格代表曆史上的大清！

綜上所述，以清王朝界定的中國的疆域，無論是曆史意義上的中國還是地理意義上的中國，中共國都不夠資格代表。中共國所能代表的隻能是中共自一九四九年建立政權之後所占據的領土。根據國際法和國際慣例，對於中共國從來沒有占據過的領土，中共國無權代表，更無資格聲稱擁有這些領土的主權。如，中共國就無權代表本屬於大清的庫頁島和海參崴，無權對庫頁島和海參崴聲稱擁有主權，因為中共國從未占領過庫頁島和海參崴。一言以蔽之，原本屬於清朝而今不被中共所占據的領土，均不屬於中共國，中共國不夠資格聲稱對其擁有主權！

Taiwan has never belonged to the CCP state

 Chen Shuhan May 18, 2022

As we all know, the People's Republic of China, commonly known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) State, was founded in October 1949, and since its inception, it has never occupied or ruled Taiwan. In other words, the CCP state has never owned Taiwan. Since it has never possessed it, there is no relationship of domination between Taiwan and the CCP state. It is just like the United States has never owned Tiananmen Square, and Tiananmen Square has never been a territory of the United States. No one is qualified to claim ownership of something he or she has never owned. If the CCP can claim that Taiwan is part of the CCP state, then anyone in the world can claim that Beijing is part of his family's property.

The reason why the CCP keeps claiming that Taiwan is part of the CCP state is because the CCP thinks that the CCP state can represent historical China. However, the hard fact is that the CCP state has no right to represent historical China!

China has a long history and many dynasties, and its boundaries, starting from the time of Emperor Qin Shi Huang and continuing up to the present day, are a dynamic concept, not a static one. In other words, China's boundaries are not fixed and they are always in a state of flux. The boundaries of the Qin Dynasty, not to mention the vast difference with the Qing Dynasty, are not comparable to those of the Han Dynasty. To say that the present-day People's Republic of China (PRC) can represent China in history would be very absurd. This is because no matter which dynasty in history the People's Republic of China declares it represents, it must first restore the territory of that dynasty. Without occupying the territory of that dynasty, it cannot claim sovereignty and naturally cannot represent it. For example, if the CCP state represents the Tang dynasty in history, then the Baikal region, which was under the Tang dynasty, will be under the control of the CCP state. Then, during the Tang Dynasty, Lake Baikal belonged to China's territory, which was known as Xiaohai. But nowadays, Lake Baikal has long since ceased to be China's territory; anyway, can the CCP state take Lake Baikal back? It can be seen that for any regime, both territory and jurisdiction are essential, just as the saying goes if the skin does not exist, where will the hair be attached to? A regime cannot represent a territory that it neither occupies nor has jurisdiction over. Because of this, the CCP state today can only represent the territories occupied by the Chinese Communist state, i.e., the territories under the CCP state's jurisdiction; the CCP state has no right to represent the territories that used to be part of China in history but were not occupied by the CCP state, let alone claiming sovereignty over these territories. In a word, how can the CCP claim sovereignty over territories that the CCP has never possessed?

Based on the facts above, we can see that it is absurd for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the CCP state to say that such and such a place has been China's territory since ancient times! Since ancient times, what is ancient? Which year is the boundary? If it is not possible to define the beginning of ancient times, Mongolia laughs when the CCP state says so. Since during the Yuan Dynasty, not to mention the whole of China, half of Europe as well as present-day Russia belonged to the territory of Mongolia. Therefore, mentioning ancient times is bound to be a joke. Therefore, when on earth did the boundaries of China actually prevail? Otherwise, if people always mention starting from ancient times, the argument then will be endless!

China's boundaries can only be based on the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). The Qing Dynasty was the last in China, and the last emperor was therefore called the Emperor of the last dynasty. In layman's terms, no matter how many times a woman has been married; she can only take her last husband as her legal spouse. No dynasty before the Qing Dynasty can be adopted as a criterion for defining China's boundaries; either the boundaries were too narrow, such as the Qin Dynasty, which excludes today's Xinjiang and Tibet, or too vast, such as the Yuan Dynasty, in which almost one-fifth of the earth was the territory of the Yuan Dynasty. Most crucially, the Qing Dynasty was an epochal point in time when the Chinese system of government was transformed from an imperial system to a civil type-Republic of China (ROC), and how the transfer of power took place was unique, i.e., the ROC inherited the territory and sovereignty of the Qing Dynasty, which could not be replaced by any other dynasty. Therefore, the boundaries of China can only be based on the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).

The present-day CCP state obviously cannot represent the Qing dynasty in history. Firstly, the territory of the CCP state is more than three million square kilometers less than that of the Qing dynasty, and secondly and legally, the territory of the CCP state does not have a succession relationship with the Qing dynasty. The sovereignty that has a succession relationship with the Qing Dynasty is the Republic of China, as evidenced by the abdication edict of the Qing Emperor. The territory currently occupied by the Chinese Communist Party is a large part of the territory that the CCP seized from the Republic of China by violence, and it is not the entire territory of the Republic of China. However, the CCP refuses to recognize the Republic of China and deliberately denies the history of the Republic of China. Given this, not only does the CCP fail to represent the Qing Dynasty in terms of territory, but even the territory it occupies is not inherited from the Qing Dynasty, and it is quite far away from representing the Qing Dynasty in the historical sense because it lacks the inheritance. Chinese people often take pride in the completeness of Chinese history, however, where does completeness come from? That is inheritance and continuity. Without inheritance, there is no continuity, and without continuity, how can there be integrity? The CCP regime was not inherited from the Qing Dynasty, still much less from the Republic of China. Therefore, the CCP state is absolutely unqualified to represent the Qing Dynasty in history!

To summarize, the CCP state is not qualified to represent the boundaries of China as defined by the Qing Dynasty, whether it is China in the historical sense or in the geographical sense. What the CCP state can represent is only the territory occupied by the CCP since the establishment of its power in 1949. According to international law and practice, the Chinese Communist Party has no right to represent, let alone claim sovereignty over territories that the Chinese Communist Party has never occupied. For example, the Chinese Communist Party has no right to represent the Kuril Islands and Vladivostok, which originally belonged to the Qing Dynasty, and has no right to claim sovereignty over the Kuril Islands and Vladivostok because the Chinese Communist Party has never occupied the Kuril Islands and Vladivostok. In short, the territories that originally belonged to the Qing Dynasty but are not occupied by the Chinese Communist Party today do not belong to the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese Communist Party is not qualified to claim sovereignty over them!