When performed quickly enough, CPR can save lives in such emergencies as loss of consciousness, heart attacks or heart "arrests," electric shock, drowning, excessive bleeding, drug overdose, and other conditions in which there is no breathing or no pulse. The purpose of CPR is to bring oxygen to the victim's lungs and to keep blood circulating so oxygen gets to every part of the body. When a person is deprived of oxygen, permanent brain damage can begin in as little as four minutes and death can follow only minutes later.
如果操作及時，CPR可以挽救很多曆經緊急情況的生命，例如意識喪失，心肌梗塞、心跳驟停，電擊傷，溺水，失血過多，藥物過量（中毒），以及其他一些喪失呼吸或者脈搏的情況。
CPR的目的是將氧氣輸送到患者的肺中並維持血液循環，使氧氣得以被輸送到全身的各個部分。如果身體失去氧氣供應，4分鍾之內即可出現永久性腦損傷，再幾分鍾之後即可導致死亡。
There are three physical symptoms that indicate a need for CPR to be performed immediately and for emergency medical support to be called: unconsciousness, not breathing, and no pulse detected.
需要CPR的三個指征：意識喪失，無自主呼吸，無脈搏。
When you approach a motionless person, check for responsiveness.
—— Hey, Are you OK?
—— Call 911!
If unresponsive, send a bystander to call ‘911’.
Use the head-tilt chain-lift method to open the airway. Look, listen or feel for sign of normal breathing for up to 10 seconds. If breathing is absent, pinch the victim’s nose and give two slow breathes, each should last one and a half to two seconds, and make the victim’s chest rise.
Once your breathes go in, check for signs of circulation, such as breathing, coughing, or movements for up to 10 seconds.
If there are no signs of circulation, begin CPR. This is the combination of chest compression and rescue breath.
To get chest compression, put your hands on the lower end of sternum between the nipples.
An optional method is to slide your finger along the rib to the point where the ribs meet at the base of the sternum. Place the heel of your hand above your fingers, place your other hand on top of the first hand.
—— one, two, three… thirteen, fourteen, fifteen.
Your arms are straight and shoulders directly over your hands. Depress the chest one and a half to two inches and allow the chest to return to its normal position. Give 15 compressions at the rate of 100 compressions per minute.
—— one, two, three… thirteen, fourteen, fifteen.
After 15 chest compressions, give two slow rescue breath. Repeat the cycle of CPR, giving 15 chest compressions and 2 rescue breathes for one minute.
—— one, two, three… thirteen, fourteen, fifteen.
After 1 minute, recheck the victim for signs of circulation. If there are still no signs of circulation, continue CPR beginning with chest compressions.
—— one, two…
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