【美軍5星上將 和6星上將】

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Five Army and

four Navy officers received five stars

George C. Marshall,

Douglas MacArthur,

Dwight D. Eisenhower,

Henry H. Arnold, ---- 陸軍上將,後改為空軍上將。

Omar Bradley,

William D. Leahy,

Ernest J. King,

Chester Nimitz, and

William F. Halsey).

所以,美軍是9人10個五星上將。

 

Bradley was the last officer to receive the rank, in 1950.

The rank has lain dormant since then.

According to military regulations governing rank,

two Army officers achieved superior rank to that of five stars, 6 stars,

even though they never got that many. They were

George Washington 華盛頓 and John J. Pershing 潘興.

 

=========

GeoDewey.jpg

德威

George Dewey (December 26, 1837 – January 16, 1917) was Admiral of the Navy,

the only person in United States Navy history to have attained the rank.

USN Admiral rank insignia.jpg      US Admiral of Navy shoulderboard.svg 

右為 4-星 加 2 鐵錨

March 24, 1903 (Retroactive to March 2, 1899)

George Dewey is the highest-ranking officer in the history of the United States Navy. He is the only person ever to hold this rank. Admiral of the Navy is equivalent to General of the Armies. General John J. Pershing, US Army, was promoted to General of the Armies in 1919, and Lieutenant General George Washington, US Army, was posthumously promoted on the Retired List of the US Army to the rank of General of the Armies of the United States, with an effective date of rank of 4 July 1976.

 

“On March 2, 1899, Congress approved the creation of the grade of Admiral of the Navy. On March 3, President McKinley transmitted to the Senate his nomination of George  Dewey for the new grade, which was approved the same day.”

 

General John Joseph Pershing head on shoulders.jpg

潘興

File:Pershing and his General Staff at Headquarters, Chaumont.jpg

前排中 潘興 WW I

General of the Armies John Joseph "Black JackPershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948) 

“In 1919, by Congressional directive, the rank of General of the Armies was formally established and John J. Pershing became the first person to hold the rank.”

潘興獨有特有的 4顆金星徽章

----------------

 

 

6-星上將 徽章,僅僅是提議,實際上美國會從來沒有決定

Proposed six-star rank from December 14, 1944.

(Congress never officially adopted the proposed six-star insignia for the General of the Armies rank.)

General of the Army was created as five-star rank by an Act of Congress on a temporary basis with the enactment of Public Law 78-482. The law creating the five-star rank stipulated that Pershing was to be considered senior to the five-star generals of World War II.

The United States Infantry Association's Infantry Journalof 1949 states 'Presumably a "General of the Armies" could wear six stars if he was so-minded'. 

Pershing's death before Congress decided whether to adopt the six-star insignia rendered the question moot.

美國實際上隻曾有建議但沒有真正實行 6-星上將軍銜

"General of the Armies"  全美國軍事力量統帥

是最高統帥

高於任何五星上將

-----------

 

 Washington-Franklin Issue of 1917, 5c

華盛頓

“On March 13, 1978, George Washington was posthumously promoted to the full grade ofGeneral of the Armies of the United States, with effective date from July 4, 1976.

The promotion was authorized by a congressional joint resolution on January 19, 1976 which recommended Washington's promotion and further declared that no officer of the United States armed forces should ever outrank George Washington.

國會宣布:美國任何軍人的軍銜不能高於華盛頓。

 

 

------------

The only equivalent six-star flag officers in U.S. military historydagger and their chosen rank insignia

GeoDewey.jpg
US Admiral of Navy shoulderboard.svg
The rank of Admiral of the Navy was created for George Dewey in 1903, out of recognition for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War, and the date of rank was made retroactive to 1899. In 1944, the U.S. Navy declared Dewey's rank to be senior to that of the newly created five-star rank of Fleet Admiral.

General John Joseph Pershing head on shoulders.jpg

General of Armies insignia.svg

General of the Armies
John Pershing

The rank of General of the Armies had previously been granted, in 1919, to active-duty four-starGeneral John J. Pershing. As the five-star rank did not exist at that time, the concept of this being a six-star rank was moot. The markings used to identify Pershing's new ranking as higher than general was a bank of four gold (rather than silver) stars.

 
daggerNot including George Washington
 
德威和潘興打仗時,美軍還沒有5-星軍銜, 隻有40星
但是 此二人的 4星 高於任何其它4星
兩個特製的4星,德威的加了2個鐵錨, 潘興的以金星代替那時4星的銀星
 
-----------------
 

Highest-Ranking Officers in U.S. History

 

General and Commander-in-Chief1

General George Washinton.Source: Library of Congress.
  • George Washington (1732–1799), b. Westmoreland County, Va., unanimously voted by Congress on June 15, 1775, to the rank of general and commander-in-chief (of the Continental army).

General of the Armies2

  • John Joseph Pershing (1860–1948), b. Linn County, Mo., made permanent general of the armies, 1919.

General of the Army, General of the Air Force 
(Five-Stars)

  • George Catlett Marshall (1880–1959), b. Uniontown, Pa., promoted Dec. 1944.
  • Douglas MacArthur (1880–1964), b. Little Rock, Ark., promoted Dec. 1944.
  • Dwight David Eisenhower (1890–1969), b. Denison, Tex., promoted Dec. 1944.
  • Henry Harley Arnold (1886–1950), b. Gladwyne, Pa. Arnold had the unique distinction of being a five-star general twice—in 1944 as general of the army, and in June 1949 as general of the air force. He is the only air force general to have held the five-star rank.
  • Omar Nelson Bradley (1893–1981), b. Clark, Mo., promoted Sept. 1950.

Admiral of the Navy

  • George Dewey (1837–1917), b. Montpelier, Vt., promoted March 1899.

Fleet Admiral (Five-Stars)

1. On March 15, 1978, George Washington was promoted posthumously to the rank of General of the Armies of the United States—which had been created in 1919—to make it clear that Washington was the army's senior general.
2. General Pershing was given the option of five stars but he declined. Source: Department of Defense and U.S. Army Historian, Research and Analysis Center.
 
 
------------
 
 
 
 
      •   George Marshall 16 December 1944
      •   Douglas MacArthur 18 December 1944
      •   Dwight D. Eisenhower     20 December 1944
      •   Henry H. Arnold 21 December 1944
      •   Omar Bradley 22 September 1950

The timing of the first four of these appointments was coordinated with the following appointments of the U.S. Navy's first three five-star Fleet Admirals:

      •   William D. Leahy 15 December 1944
      •   Ernest J. King 17 December 1944
      •   Chester W. Nimitz           19 December 1944

This was to establish both an order of seniority among the generals and a near-equivalence between the services. The final naval appointment of a five-star rank was that of

 William Halsey, Jr.    on 11 December 1945.

 

-------------

 Name Date of Rank  Place of Burial 

 Adm. William D. Leahy  

Dec. 15, 1944            

Arlington National Cemetery                       

 Gen. George C. Marshall Dec. 16, 1944 Arlington National Cemetery
 Adm. Ernest J. King Dec. 17, 1944  Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. 
 Gen. Douglas MacArthur Dec. 18, 1944  Norfolk, Va. 
 Adm. Chester Nimitz Dec. 19, 1944  Golden Gate, Calif. 
 Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower Dec. 20, 1944  Abilene, Kan. 

 Gen. Henry H. Arnold

Dec. 21, 1944 

Arlington National Cemetery 

 Adm. William F. Halsey Dec. 11, 1945  Arlington National Cemetery 
 Gen. Omar N. Bradley Sept. 20, 1950  Arlington National Cemetery 
 

五星將軍始於 第二次世界大戰中的 1944年。1950年 布萊德雷 是最後任命的一位五星上將,此後美軍不再新任五星將軍。

 

Image result for List of 5-star American navy generals in WW2

布萊德雷

 

US President Harry Truman pinning the five-star general insignia onto Omar Bradley's uniform, 22 Sep 1950

US President Harry Truman pinning the five-star general insignia onto Omar Bradley's uniform,

22 Sep 1950 ww2dbase   

最後授予最後

最後 授予的一位 五星上將  布萊德雷

總統 杜魯門 親自為其 加星

是布萊德雷等將 麥克阿瑟 攆下台的

 

 

Portrait of US Navy Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, circa early 1945; note five-star tie clasp, which was a gift to him

Chester Nimitz 尼米茲

 

2016 TOP art - World War II -American five-star general Bill Halsey William Frederick Halsey Jr.-OIL painting-free shipping costWilliam F. Halsey 豪爾希

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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