Jin's answer is good enough

Answer in three lines with recursive functions is preferred and sufficient.

Direct functions are pure math and labor intense to me. I am bad at math.

My initiative is more related to the way of thinking –

“if A and B are both smart, B can just sit back and ‘give up/waive’ ALL HIS RIGHTS!” Understand this sentence is the same important as getting the answer.

“如果A B和閣下一樣聰明，B 從頭到尾無需動用其優先權。 “