comment on (1)

You have lot of good points.

But on (1), how to translate “寒蟬”? Use its Latin name? Do the readers understand? Does that name support the sentiment of the poem? Is there a common English word (not Latin) for that insect? I doubt.

Practically, translating “寒蟬” to "cicadas in the cold" or other equivalent is not a bad idea. It supports the sentiment delivered by the poet. It is a practical way, and, possibly the only way.