【語法補補課】 動名詞 （ZT)

動名詞：

1．動名詞定義：具有名詞性質，可在句中擔任主語，賓語表語，定語，具有所有格作修飾語。

2．形式：以do為例

doing → being done

having done → having been done

3．用法：

（1）主語：

Saving is easier than doing.

His coming here will be a great help.

It is no use waiting here, he has left.

It is no good smoking.

There is no getting along with him.（簡直無法和他相處）

……以上例句皆必須要背誦！……

（2）表語：His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.

Seeing is believing.

（3）賓語：

a. 動詞賓語：He admitted taking the book.

I do mind your smoking here.

重磅要點，請讀20 遍：下列動詞須跟動名詞作賓語：

admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...

特注：以allow為例：allow doing sth（動名詞作賓語）。但可以：Allow ***** to do sth（不定式作賓補）。

這類動詞常見如 advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.

b. 作介詞賓語：

He left without saying goodbye to us.

I'm looking forward to meeting you.（to 在這裏是介詞）

（4）定語：

reading room， swimming pool， walking stick

4．動名詞複合結構：由名詞所有格或物主代詞與動名詞構成。

His leaving is a great loss.

Mother dislikes my (me) working late.

John's having seen her did not make her worried.

注：動名詞複合結構多作主語或賓語，作主語是必須是所有格。如上二例，但作賓語時可以用所有格，也可用普通格。（解釋得很拗口，請將例句看透即可！）

5．動名詞時態：

I am thinking of setting a new dictionary.（以後）

He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.（以前）

6．動名詞語態：

He doesn't like being flattered.

I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.

7．動名詞與不定式在用法上的幾點比較：

（1）在 begin，start，continue 等詞後用動名詞或不定式區別不大。

He began writing / to write in 1980.

（2）下列動詞跟不定式或動名詞所表示意義差別很大，注意使用。（用心咀嚼！）

He stopped talking. 停止講話。

He stopped to talk. 停下來開始講話。

Please remember to post the letter. 記住寄走這封信。

I remember posting the letter. 我記得寄出了這封信。

I forgot to lock the door yesterday. 昨天我忘記鎖門了。（未鎖）

I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告訴過他這個消息。（做過的事情忘記了）

轉自：http://www.qiewo.com/html/20100228/32663.html