得瑟，不知道你咋查的，我用CHATGPT，GROK，COPILOT問了一下，老楊都沒排進前十，連後麵提名都沒有進。

CHATGPT： 

Top 10 Greatest Physicists (Historical Impact & Legacy)

1. Isaac Newton (1643–1727)

   • Contributions: Laws of motion, universal gravitation, calculus, optics.

   • Why #1: Founded classical mechanics; set the framework for centuries.

2. Albert Einstein (1879–1955)

   • Contributions: Theory of relativity (special & general), photoelectric effect, E=mc².

   • Why #2: Revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy.

3. James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)

   • Contributions: Electromagnetism (Maxwell’s equations), kinetic theory of gases.

   • Why #3: Unified electricity, magnetism, and light; a precursor to Einstein.

4. Galileo Galilei (1564–1642)

   • Contributions: Scientific method, kinematics, telescope observations, heliocentrism.

   • Why #4: Father of modern science; laid groundwork for Newton.

5. Niels Bohr (1885–1962)

   • Contributions: Bohr model of the atom, quantum theory.

   • Why #5: Pioneered atomic structure and quantum mechanics.

6. Richard Feynman (1918–1988)

   • Contributions: Quantum electrodynamics (QED), Feynman diagrams.

   • Why #6: Deeply influential in quantum field theory and science education.

7. Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976)

   • Contributions: Uncertainty principle, quantum mechanics.

   • Why #7: Core architect of quantum theory.

8. Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961)

   • Contributions: Schrödinger equation, wave mechanics.

   • Why #8: Developed foundational quantum theory concepts.

9. Enrico Fermi (1901–1954)

   • Contributions: Nuclear physics, quantum theory, first nuclear reactor.

   • Why #9: Bridged theoretical and experimental physics.

10. Paul Dirac (1902–1984)

    • Contributions: Dirac equation, predicted antimatter.

    • Why #10: Unified quantum mechanics and special relativity.

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Honorable Mentions

• Stephen Hawking – Black hole thermodynamics, cosmology.

• Marie Curie – Radioactivity, first woman Nobel laureate (Physics & Chemistry).

• Max Planck – Quantum theory originator.

• Michael Faraday – Electromagnetic induction, field theory.

• J.J. Thomson – Discovery of the electron.

GROK：

Ranking the greatest physicists is subjective, as it depends on criteria like impact, innovation, or breadth of contributions. However, based on historical consensus, influence on modern physics, and transformative discoveries, here’s a list of some of the most significant physicists, ordered roughly by their impact:

1. Isaac Newton (1643–1727)
   • Why? Formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation, laying the foundation for classical mechanics. His work Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica) unified terrestrial and celestial mechanics. Also made pioneering contributions to optics and calculus (independently of Leibniz).
   • Impact: Newton’s laws dominated physics for centuries and remain fundamental to engineering and astronomy.
2. Albert Einstein (1879–1955)
   • Why? Developed the theory of relativity, including special relativity (1905) and general relativity (1915), revolutionizing our understanding of space, time, and gravity. His equation E=mc² linked mass and energy, underpinning nuclear physics and cosmology.
   • Impact: Relativity reshaped modern physics, enabling technologies like GPS and advancing our understanding of the universe’s structure.
3. James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)
   • Why? Unified electricity and magnetism into a single theory with Maxwell’s equations, laying the groundwork for electromagnetism. Predicted electromagnetic waves, paving the way for radio, television, and modern communication technologies.
   • Impact: His work bridged classical physics and modern technology, influencing fields from engineering to quantum mechanics.
4. Niels Bohr (1885–1962)
   • Why? Pioneered quantum theory with his model of the atom, explaining electron orbits and spectral lines. His work on quantum mechanics, including the Copenhagen interpretation, shaped our understanding of atomic and subatomic systems.
   • Impact: Bohr’s ideas were crucial to the development of quantum mechanics, influencing chemistry, materials science, and technology.
5. Richard Feynman (1918–1988)
   • Why? Advanced quantum electrodynamics (QED) with his path integral formulation and Feynman diagrams, simplifying complex calculations. Contributed to particle physics, superfluidity, and the Challenger disaster investigation. Also a legendary educator.
   • Impact: His work clarified quantum interactions, and his teaching (e.g., The Feynman Lectures on Physics) inspired generations.
6. Galileo Galilei (1564–1642)
   • Why? Laid the groundwork for modern physics with experiments on motion, inertia, and gravity. Improved the telescope, making astronomical observations that supported the Copernican model.
   • Impact: His emphasis on experimentation and mathematical description of nature established the scientific method.
7. Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976)
   • Why? Developed matrix mechanics, the first mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, and introduced the uncertainty principle, fundamentally altering our understanding of particle behavior.
   • Impact: His work shaped quantum theory, influencing modern physics and technologies like semiconductors.
8. Paul Dirac (1902–1984)
   • Why? Formulated quantum mechanics in a relativistic framework, predicting the existence of antimatter (positrons). His Dirac equation unified quantum mechanics and special relativity for electrons.
   • Impact: His work was critical to particle physics and the discovery of antimatter.
9. Michael Faraday (1791–1867)
   • Why? Conducted groundbreaking experiments in electromagnetism, discovering electromagnetic induction and laying the foundation for electric motors and generators. His work on fields influenced Maxwell.
   • Impact: His discoveries enabled the electrical revolution, powering modern technology.
10. Max Planck (1858–1947)
    • Why? Introduced the concept of energy quanta to solve the blackbody radiation problem, founding quantum theory. His Planck constant became a cornerstone of modern physics.
    • Impact: Quantum theory revolutionized physics, leading to advancements in electronics, lasers, and more.

Notes:

• Subjectivity: The order reflects a balance of historical impact, paradigm shifts, and practical applications. Others might prioritize figures like Schrödinger, Fermi, or Hawking based on specific contributions or personal influence.
• Context: Earlier physicists like Newton had broader fields to unify, while modern ones like Feynman worked in specialized domains, making direct comparisons tricky.
• Honorable Mentions: Erwin Schrödinger (wave mechanics), Enrico Fermi (nuclear physics), Stephen Hawking (black holes), and Marie Curie (radioactivity) could also rank highly depending on criteria.

If you’d like a different perspective (e.g., focusing on modern physics, experimentalists vs. theorists, or specific fields like cosmology), let me know!

COPILOT：

The greatest physicists of all time have profoundly transformed our understanding of the universe, with Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, and Galileo Galilei consistently regarded among the most influential.

Top 15 Greatest Physicists in Ranked Order

1. Isaac Newton (1643–1727) – Known for his laws of motion and universal gravitation, Newton founded classical mechanics and calculus, fundamentally shaping physics and astronomy for centuries 

    

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2. Albert Einstein (1879–1955) – Revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity with his theories of relativity and introduced the iconic mass-energy equivalence formula, E = mc² 

    

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3. Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) – The father of modern physics; he advanced experimental methods, studying motion, inertia, and astronomy, and used the telescope to confirm heliocentric theory 

    

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4. Michael Faraday (1791–1867) – Pioneered electromagnetism and electrochemistry; discovered electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and formulated Faraday’s laws, crucial for electricity generation 

    

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5. James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) – Unified electricity, magnetism, and optics with Maxwell’s equations, laying the foundations for classical electrodynamics and modern physics 

    

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6. Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) – Father of nuclear physics; discovered the atomic nucleus, proton, and predicted the neutron, establishing nuclear science 

    

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7. Niels Bohr (1885–1962) – Developed the Bohr model of the atom and helped establish quantum mechanics and the Copenhagen interpretation 

    

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8. Marie Curie (1867–1934) – Pioneering researcher on radioactivity; first female Nobel laureate and only person to win Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry 

    

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9. Max Planck (1858–1947) – Originator of quantum theory, introducing the concept of energy quanta and the Planck constant, revolutionizing atomic and subatomic physics 

    

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10. Richard Feynman (1918–1988) – Advanced quantum electrodynamics, developed Feynman diagrams, and contributed to particle physics and nanotechnology 

     

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11. J.J. Thomson (1856–1940) – Discovered the electron and contributed to atomic structure theory, earning the 1906 Nobel Prize 

     

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12. Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961) – Developed wave mechanics and the Schrödinger equation, fundamental to quantum mechanics 

     

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13. Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976) – Originated matrix mechanics and formulated the uncertainty principle, crucial for quantum theory 

     

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14. Enrico Fermi (1901–1954) – Key figure in nuclear physics; developed the first nuclear reactor and contributed to quantum statistics and particle physics 

     

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15. Stephen Hawking (1942–2018) – Made seminal contributions to black hole physics, cosmology, and quantum gravity, popularizing complex physics concepts globally 

     

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Honorable Mentions

• Archimedes, Leonard Euler, Robert Hooke, Isaac Newton’s predecessors for classical mechanics insight.
• Paul Dirac, Murray Gell-Mann, Wolfgang Pauli, Nikola Tesla, Hendrik Lorentz for 20th-century breakthroughs in quantum mechanics and electromagnetism 

   

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These rankings balance historical significance, foundational discoveries, and influence on subsequent science, reflecting contributions from classical mechanics to modern quantum theory. Different sources may adjust the order, but the listed physicists are consistently recognized for transformative impact 

 

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