Sorry for what has happened. You are not alone.
To decide what to do next, you have to look at the nature of job you do, e.g. service like finance, or software engineering, etc. how hot is that job market? personally, I don't recommend you switch from H1 to F1 for now unless you really have a difficulty transferring your H1. I suggest you try this first: look for similar position within same company in different dept. in different location while keeping current H1. If that doesn't work out for you, then 騎驢找馬 - find a new job and look for H1 transfer. You got to think twice before you take a big action. I am not sure how long you have on H1? Quitting job is super easy. But, you need to take a lots of factors into your consideration. For example, how important to you is green card? your life style? What is your short/long term goal? Ignore what I just said if study is something you long for. And go right ahead to pursue.
Believe me, we all have been experiencing what you have just encountered. 二等公民給人打工, sometimes you just got to get things traded off. Having said that, I am not saying you should 忍氣吞聲,instead, you should play this with a fair tactic. Be rational. Be determined!
Last but not least, make sure you know what you are doing!