Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging

Noninvasive cardiac tests include:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)
• Ambulatory electrocardiography/even monitoring
• Tilt table testing
• Echocardiogram – standard, contrast, stress, transesophageal, 3D imaging, intracardiac imaging, strain and strain rate imaging for advanced diagnosis
• Coronary calcium scanning
• Computed tomography imaging (CTI) and coronary angiography (CTA)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA)
• Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
• Positron emission tomography (PET)
• Multi-gated acquisition scan (MUGA)
• Sestamibi exercise stress test
• Thallium exercise stress test
• Thallium pharmacologic stress test

Noninvasive vascular tests include:

• Arterial ultrasound (of carotid, renal, peripheral arteries and the aorta)
• Carotid ultrasound and intima-media thickness (IMT)
• Venous ultrasound of both the upper and lower extremities
• Intra-operative duplex ultrasonography
• Pulse volume recordings of the upper and lower extremities
• Exercise and treadmill testing of both upper and lower extremities
• Venous reflux testing
• Computed tomography angiography (CTA)
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)