【翻譯聽寫】練習之十一 - 原文 + 匯總 （On Etiquette)

On Etiquette

Etiquette to society is what apparel is to the individual. Without apparel men would go in shameful nudity which would surely lead to the corruption of morals； and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary intercourse between its members would be interfered with by needless offences and troubles. If society were a train， the etiquette would be the rails along which only the train could rumble forth； if society were a state coach， the etiquette would be the wheels and axis， on which only the coach could roll forward.（1） The lack of proprieties would make the most intimate friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the friendly or allied countries declare war against each other.（2） We can find many examples in the history of mankind. Therefore I advise you to stand on ceremony（3） before anyone else and to take pains （4） not to do anything against etiquette lest you give offences or make enemies.（5）






注釋:

　（1）If society were a train，the etiquette would be…roll forward： 這是現在時態的虛擬句，分號後麵的是一個同樣結構的語句，與這一句並列。

　（2）The lack of proprieties would make…friends turn to be…and the.……countries declare war…：本句中的make有兩個賓語。第一個賓語是 friends，turn to be是friends的補語，第二個賓語是countries，declare war是countries的補語。動詞不定式作make的賓語補語時，必須省略to.

　（3）stand on ceremony：講究禮節。
             
              EnLearner: 這個短語多用於貶義，作“拘於禮節,  講究客套”解。

    （4）take pains： 盡力。後接動詞不定式。

              EnLearner: 錄音裏的make pains據我所查不是短語，應是誤讀。

　（5）lest you give offences or make enemies： 免得觸犯人或樹敵。lest引導的狀語從句中常用should或原形動詞。

Additional words and their definitions:

et·i·quette (t-kt, -kt) n. The practices and forms prescribed by social convention or by authority. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [French, from Old French estiquet, label; see ticket.] cour·te·sy (kûrt-s) n. pl. cour·te·sies 1. a. Polite behavior. b. A polite gesture or remark. 2. a. Consent or agreement in spite of fact; indulgence: They call this pond a lake by courtesy only. b. Willingness or generosity in providing something needed: free advertising through the courtesy of the local newspaper. adj. 1. Given or done as a polite gesture: paid a courtesy visit to the new neighbors. 2. Free of charge: courtesy tickets for the reporters. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [Middle English courtesie, from Old French, from corteis, courtly; see courteous.] Synonymous: good manners a courteous manner mor·al (môrl, mr-) adj. 1. Of or concerned with the judgment of the goodness or badness of human action and character: moral scrutiny; a moral quandary. 2. Teaching or exhibiting goodness or correctness of character and behavior: a moral lesson. 3. Conforming to standards of what is right or just in behavior; virtuous: a moral life. 4. Arising from conscience or the sense of right and wrong: a moral obligation. 5. Having psychological rather than physical or tangible effects: a moral victory; moral support. 6. Based on strong likelihood or firm conviction, rather than on the actual evidence: a moral certainty. n. 1. The lesson or principle contained in or taught by a fable, a story, or an event. 2. A concisely expressed precept or general truth; a maxim. 3. morals Rules or habits of conduct, especially of sexual conduct, with reference to standards of right and wrong: a person of loose morals; a decline in the public morals. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin mrlis, from ms, mr-, custom; see m-1 in Indo-European roots.] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- moral·ly adv. Synonyms: moral, ethical, virtuous, righteous These adjectives mean in accord with right or good conduct. Moral applies to personal character and behavior, especially sexual conduct: "Our moral sense dictates a clearcut preference for these societies which share with us an abiding respect for individual human rights" (Jimmy Carter). Ethical stresses idealistic standards of right and wrong: "Ours is a world of nuclear giants and ethical infants" (Omar N. Bradley). Virtuous implies moral excellence and loftiness of character: "The life of the nation is secure only while the nation is honest, truthful, and virtuous" (Frederick Douglass). Righteous emphasizes moral uprightness; when it is applied to actions, reactions, or impulses, it often implies justifiable outrage: "He was . . . stirred by righteous wrath" (John Galsworthy). ap·par·el (-prl) n. 1. Clothing, especially outer garments; attire. 2. A covering or adornment: trees with their apparel of foliage. tr.v. ap·par·eled or ap·par·elled, ap·par·el·ing or ap·par·el·ling, ap·par·els 1. To clothe or dress. 2. To adorn or embellish. clothes (klz, klz) pl.n. 1. Articles of dress; wearing apparel; garments. 2. Bedclothes stand on ceremony to hold rigidly to protocol or formal manners. (Often in the negative.) Please help yourself to more. Don't stand on ceremony. We are very informal around here. Hardly anyone stands on ceremony. take (great) pains to do something also go to (great) pains to do something to try very hard to do something We took great pains to insure that no one felt left out. go to great lengths to do something to try very hard to achieve a result This champion marathon runner is going to great lengths to help needy children. Both sides have gone to great lengths to emphasize areas of similarity in their proposals. lest   /lɛst/  conjunction 1. for fear that; so that (one) should not (used negatively to introduce a clause expressive of an action or occurrence requiring caution): He kept his notes by his side lest faulty memory lead him astray. 2. that (used after words expressing fear, danger, etc.): There was danger lest the plan become known.

漢譯：
 
論禮儀

禮儀之於社會猶如衣著之於個人。人若不穿衣服，就會一絲不掛，令人恥笑，必然導致道德敗壞； 社會要是沒有禮儀，就會陷入可悲的境地，而社會成員之間所必需的交往就會被無謂的衝突和糾紛所幹擾。假定社會是一列火車，禮儀就好比軌道，火車隻能沿著它隆隆前進。假定社會是一輛貴賓車，禮儀就好比輪子與軸，馬車隻有靠它們才能滾滾前進。缺了禮節，最親密的朋友會變成死敵，友好或結盟的國家會兵戎相見。我們可以從人類曆史上找到許多這種例子。因此我勸你對於任何人都要講究禮儀，並且盡力不做違背禮儀的事，以免冒犯他人或者樹敵。 （方全　譯）


作者簡介：

HAZLITT, WILLIAM (1778-1830) English critic and essayist. His works include Lectures on the English Poets (1818), Characters of Shakespeare's Plays(1817) and The Spirit of the Age, or Contemporary Portraits(1825). He was influential in the early 19th century revival of interest in the Elizabethan dramatists. He was a lifelong friend of Lamb and was early influenced by Coleridge.

威廉· 黑茲利特(1778-1830) 英國評論家和散文家。著有：《英國詩歌演講集》(1818)、《莎士比亞劇作中的人物》(1817)、《時代精神，或當代人物畫像》(1825).十九世紀初葉伊麗莎白時代劇作家重受歡迎，是受了他的影響。他早年受科爾裏奇影響較深，和拉姆是終身摯友。 
　　

下麵框框裏是大家的英譯總匯：

(我把大家互拍的磚頭也匯總在一起了。)

Source: http://bbs.wenxuecity.com/yingyuziliao/109541.html bolang Etiquette  Etiquette to socity is alike like clothing to people.  If people do not wear clothing, they will be naked and will be mocked,   and these will cause moral corruption.   If there is no etiquette in socity, the socity will be pathetic; the interactions between the members will be interrupted by the usless confilctions and disruption. If the socity is were a train, etiquette would be just likes would be the rails; train can only travel along the trails. If socity is were a luxury car, etiquette would be just likes wheel, car can only travel with wheels.  Without etiquette, closest friend will become enemy, friendl y countries and parters partners will face each other in war. We can find lot of examples through the history.  I suggest you act politely to everyone, and try not to do something against etiquette to avoid offensing others or creating enemies. EnLearner (Referenced Google Translation) On Etiquette Etiquette to society is as cloth clothese to human being.  It will be ridiculous if no one wears clothes and this will leads to bad moral.  It will be a tragic for a society to have no etiquette.  In such a society, interactions among its members will be interfered by unwothy unworthy conflicts and disputes.  If a society is were a train, then etiquette is would be the track, along which the train can only move forward.  If a society is a VIP car, etiquette is then like the wheels and axles on which the wagon rely to roll.  Without courtesy, even the closest  friends would become deadly enemies and friendly or allied countries would fight each other.  We can find many such examples in human history.  Therefore my advice is that you should pay attention to eqiquette, and avoid doing anything contrary to etiquette etiqueete so that you will not offend anyone else or make enemies. NewVoice Etiquette Etiquette to society is like clothing to a person. Without wearing clothes, a person is naked and laughable, leading inevitably to the degeneration of morality; a society without etiquette may fall into a desperate situation, and the necessary interactions among the members of a society will be needlessly disturbed by conflicts and disputes. If a society was were a train, etiquette would be its track, along which the train rolls. If a society was a carriage boarded with honored guests, etiquette would be its wheels and axils, upon which the carriage depends to rattle onward. Without etiquette, the most intimate friends may become archenemies and friendly or allied nations may go to war. We can find many such cases in human history. Therefore, I plead that you pay attention to the rules of etiquette, and try not to violate them, so as not to offend others and make enemies. lmao Note: 開始“禮儀”用了manners，交作業的時候誤看到愚公的etiquette了，就改成etiquette。軸：查了字典知道是axle的。 What etiquette is to a society is like clothes to an individual. An individual without clothes would be ridiculed for being naked and would cause deterioration of morals. Without etiquette, a society would be in a mess and the necessary interaction between members of the society would be disrupted by meaningless conflicts and turmoil. If the society were a train, then etiquette would be like the rail along which can the train march. If the society were a carriage, etiquette would be like the wheels and axles, only with which can the carriage go forward. Without etiquette, the closest friends would become enemies and allies or unions of countries would fight with each other. We can find many examples like this in the human history. Therefore, I suggest you to obey the  use etiquette when dealing with anyone  everyone, and try not to do things against it, in avoidance of offending in order to not offend others or making enemies. beautifulwind Etiquette to the society is like clothes to people. A person will be naked without wearing clothes and be mocked by the others， that which will lead to demoralization. The society will land in a sad plight without etiquette.  The interpersonal communication will be interrupted by the conflict and fuss. If the society is were a train, the etiquette would be like a railway track on which the train could run. If the society is a limousine, the etiquette would be like a wheel and axis on which the carriage could move.  Lacking of etiquette, the most intimate friends will would become enemies, and the allied countries will would fight against each other. We may find lots of cases in human history. I suggest that you should be polite to everybody, and try your best to avoid doing things against propriety so as not to offend others or have enemies. newton123 Etiquette to a society is like clothes to an individual. If an individual has no clothes on and becomes completely naked, he will be shamed and teased, and his morality will be ruined; a society with no etiquette will be in tragedy and the communication among its members will be disrupted by meaningless conflictions and dissensions. If a society acts like a train, etiquette will be like the track which the train can only run on. If a society is a carriage for honor guests, etiquette will be the wheels and axil which the carriage can move on. Without etiquette, intimate may turn to an implacable foe, and friendly states or allies can become at war. We can find many such examples in history.  Therefore I advise you to follow etiquette to all individuals and try not to violate any rule so that you won’t offend others or make an enemy. selfselfself Social etiquette is like clothing to a human being.  A person who bears nothing is ridiculous, and, undeniably degenerates to moral corruption.  A society would collapse into chaos with no etiquette.  The necessary interactions among its members would be plagued with unnecessary conflicts and controversies.  Take the society as a train, the etiquette would be the tracks, upon which the train rumbles.  Take the society as a VIP carriage, the etiquette would be the wheels and axles, upon which the carriage rides.  Without etiquette, the best friends can descend to deadly foes; allies can turn against each other in war.  Such examples are abundant in the human history.  Therefore, if I may suggest, treat everyone with proper etiquette, and abide by it, so that one may never offend others or make enemies. jennea Etiquette to a society is just like clothes to a person. A person with proper clothes on, or a person naked in public, is not only laughable, but also unethical; likewise, a society without adequate etiquette could fall into chaos, since regular social interactions could be easily interrupted by pointless conflicts and disputes. If a society were a train, etiquette would be the rail, for the train could only move forward along the rail; if a society were a VIP coach, etiquette would be the wheels or axles, for the coach could not roll without them. Without etiquette, best friends could become deadliest enemies, friendly or allied countries could resort to war. Numerous such examples can be found in human history. Therefore, I would advice advise you to treat others  with proper social etiquette, and to try your best not to break its code of conduct in order to avoid offending others or making enemies unnecessarily. 同學小薇 Manners to society is similar as clothes to people. If people are not wearing clothes, they would be ridiculed and deemed immoral. Similarly if a Society lacks etiquettes, the normal interactions between its members would be interrupted by unnecessary conflicts and disputes. If the society were a train, etiquettes would be tracks along which can the train only move. If the society were a wagon, manners would be wheels and axles on which the wagon would depend. Without manners, the dearest friends could turn into foes and closest allied countries could face each other at war. Many such examples can be found throughout history. Therefore, having good manners towards others and making efforts to follow etiquettes would be my advice, so that one can avoid offending anyone or making enemies. toast2011 On etiquette   Etiquette to society is like clothes to an individual. Without clothes on, he is naked and ridiculed and will result in moral hazard; without etiquette, society would be set in a miserable situation and the necessary social interaction among members would be disturbed by unnecessary inflicts and disputes. If society were a train, etiquette would be tracks only along which the train can precede; if society were a luxury carriage, etiquette would be wheels and axis only on which the carriage can move forward. While lack of etiquette, the closest friends can be enemies, friendly or allied countries can fight against each other. We can find many examples like these in history. So I advise that you always behave in good manner to anybody and try not to do things contrary to etiquette, so as to avoid offending others or making enemies.