學寫八股文

科技文章的寫作，一般都是很八股的。有了好的試驗材料和結果，還必須把它用行業通用的八股的外衣，給好好的包裝起來。不受這種訓練的人也有，往往是比較出色的政治家和藝術家，但成不了一個好的科學家和公務員。

姐姐在暑假裏，老婆給報了個寫作班，訓練她寫說明文。課堂上發了很多材料，讓閱讀和練習。還讓上網去查資料。查來查去，發現這個英語的寫作，真是他ＮＮ的八股，不僅僅是說明文，其他類型的文章，也都一個套路，就是要有五段落：第一段，是啟題，類似於科技論文的摘要和提綱協領；第二段到第四段，是詳盡論斷和說明，開頭是點題，然後是事實，要不少於三個句子，最後是小節。段落的中間，還要有啟和承，前後要呼應。最後一段，也就是第五段，是結束語，總結上麵三小節，得出總結論和引深語。

好的說明文，要求有長短句式的變化。詞匯要豐富，句子要簡練通俗，形象生動和言之有物。

咱被毛老人家的《反對黨八股》給耽誤了，上學時學的淨是喊口號，做作文也都是學習老人家的事跡和語錄。流中了不少，這不要輔導女兒們的英文寫作了，還得從頭學起！

下麵的文章，講的就是，如何訓練學生，去寫八股文！

附：英式八股文：The Five Paragraphs of a Basic Essay

Paragraph #1  

This is your introduction. Begin with a good "grabber." Restate the topic and define it. State three explanations or examples. Conclude with a transition sentence that leads into the next paragraph.

Paragraph #2, Paragraph #3, and Paragraph #4
  

These paragraphs are the body of your essay. Use a transition at the beginning of each paragraph. Try to be different. In each paragraph you develop one of your arguments, points, or explanations as fully as you can, restating the explanation and then expanding on it with examples or evidence that supports it. These are the most important paragraphs in the grading of the State Assessment Test. The judges are looking at how you support the broad statements you make. Each of these paragraphs (as well as the body of the essay) needs an introductory sentence and a concluding sentence. These are the paragraphs where it is important to use spectacular vocabulary to show a good knowledge of words. A little well placed humor and creativity definitely add to the quality of the paper.

Paragraph #5
  

This is your conclusion. Restate your topic in words that are different from those in paragraph 1. Summarize paragraphs 2, 3 and 4. Draw a one sentence conclusion. End with a "zinger" that makes the reader think or smile.

Expository Tips!

• Keep to the topic. Do not stray or go off on a tangent.
  
• Use great vocabulary. You want to show that you have a good command of words that is above and beyond what the average student your age knows.
  
• Organize yourself well. Never make a statement that you do not back up or support. Develop that support well.
  
• Use transitions such as first, second, third, next, before or after, and finally.

*The above information was taken from "Blowing Away the State Writing Assessment Test" by Jane Bell Kiester available through Maupin House Publishing.