旁征博引之二十五：Barack Obama Inaugural Address

美國總統奧巴馬在國會山的就職宣誓典禮結束，奧巴馬和眾人握手談話正在離開現場。之後，奧巴馬和拜登將護送布什參加離任儀式。之後再前往白宮參加午餐會

奧巴馬夫婦和全場嘉賓、民眾一起唱國歌

美國海軍合唱團Sea Chanters合唱國歌

奧巴馬就職演講全文

　　My fellow citizens:

　　I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.

　　Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often, the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebearers, and true to our founding documents.

　　So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.

　　That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.

　　These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land -- a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.

　　Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America: They will be met.

　　On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.

　　On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.

　　We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.

　　In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the fainthearted -- for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things -- some celebrated, but more often men and women obscure in their labor -- who have carried us up the long, rugged path toward prosperity and freedom.

　　For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.

　　For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.

　　For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.

　　Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.

　　This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions -- that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.

　　For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act -- not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.

　　Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions -- who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.

　　What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them -- that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works -- whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account -- to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day -- because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.

　　Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control -- and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart -- not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.

　　As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: Know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.

　　Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.

　　We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort -- even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.

　　For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus -- and nonbelievers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.

　　To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West: Know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.

　　To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.

　　As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment -- a moment that will define a generation -- it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.

　　For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.

　　Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends -- hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism -- these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility -- a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation and the world; duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.

　　This is the price and the promise of citizenship.

　　This is the source of our confidence -- the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.

　　This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed -- why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent Mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.

　　So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:

　　"Let it be told to the future world ... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."

　　America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested, we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back, nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.

據美國媒體報道，當地時間1月20日上午12點05分(北京時間21日淩晨1點05分)第44屆美國總統奧巴馬發表了就職演說。奧巴馬說，美國仍然是年輕的國家，但這個時代受到挑戰，我們必須凝聚力量，重新塑造美國。

親愛的同胞們：

今天我站在這裏，為我們將麵對的任重道遠而慨歎。感謝你們對我寄托的信任，同時緬懷我們的前人所做出的犧牲。感謝布什總統為美國做出的貢獻，以及他在總統任期交疊過程中的慷慨合作。

至此，共有四十四位美國人曾進行過總統宣誓。這一誓言曾在國家和平、欣欣向榮時做出過。然而這一誓詞更曾在烏雲籠罩和風暴襲來之時被宣讀。美國人民之所以能夠走過那些艱難的時刻，不僅僅是因為領袖的能力或遠見；更是因為我們，我們人民，保持著對先人理想的忠誠，對我們國家創始文件的追隨。

對於我們這一代美國人來說，也是這樣，也必須這樣。

國家正麵臨危機，這一點大家已經沒有疑問。美國處在戰爭之中，麵對一個有巨大影響力、充滿暴力和仇恨的網絡。我們的經濟嚴重衰退。這來源於部分人的貪婪和不負責任，更由於作為一個整體，我們未能做出麵對一個新時代的艱難決策。人民失去房屋、工作機會減少、商業活動遭到破壞。醫療保障過於昂貴，學校教育係統出現太多失敗。而我們對能源的使用，日益讓對手強大，與此同時又威脅著我們的星球。

這些，是從數據和統計中可以看到的危機信號。還有難以度量但同樣深遠的問題，那就是整個國家信心的缺失。那縈繞在我們頭上的恐懼，認為美國的衰敗不可避免，認為我們的下一代人不可能再有太高的期望。

今天我要對你們說，我們麵臨的挑戰是真切的、嚴重的，而且有很多重。解決他們不可能很輕鬆，也不可能在短時間內發生。但美國人民，請記住這一點：這些挑戰會被解決。

今天，我們聚集在一起，因為我們選擇了希望而不是恐懼；我們選擇了為共同的目標團結在一起，而不是衝突與爭執。

今天，我們共同終結那些虛假的承諾、陳腐的教條、以及指摘與怨言。這些已經困擾了我們的政治體係太長時間。

我們的國家仍舊年輕，但借用聖經中的話，該是拋開那些孩子氣的時候了。現在，需要重新拿出我們的堅韌精神，選擇自己的曆史。我們要延續代代相傳的寶貴禮物，延續神聖的理想，那就是上帝賜予我們的承諾－－人人平等，人人自由，人人都有機會去追求最大程度的幸福。

在重溫我們國家偉大的同時，我們必須明白，偉大不是憑空而來的，而是贏得的。在我們的曆程中，從來沒有走捷徑或是退而求其次。這一曆程不是為懦弱者準備的，不是為那些享樂高於工作、隻知追求名利的人準備的。相反，是那些甘於承擔風險的人，實幹家，創造者－－有些眾人皆知，而更多的在辛勤工作中默默無聞－－是他們帶著我們穿越漫長、崎嶇的道路走向繁榮與自由。

為了我們，他們把僅有的財物裝進行囊，漂洋過海追求新的生活。

為了我們，他們開拓西部，在條件惡劣的工廠中流血流汗；他們忍受鞭笞，開墾貧瘠的土地。

為了我們，他們戰鬥和犧牲在協和鎮（Concord）、葛底斯堡（Gettysburg）、諾曼底和科薩恩(KheSahn)。

一次又一次，這些男男女女，他們奮鬥和犧牲；他們將雙手磨破為了給我們帶來更好的生活。在他們眼中，美國超越了我們每個人雄心的總和，超越了個人、財富和派係的差別。

今天，我們仍在這樣的曆程上。我們仍舊是地球上最繁榮、最強大的國家。美國工人們的效率並不比危機開始之前低。我們的頭腦具有同樣的創造力。我們的產品與服務和上周、上月、或者去年一樣有需求。我們的能力從未被削弱。但墨守陳規、維護狹隘的利益、麵對艱難的決策畏首畏尾的日子將一去不複返了。從今天開始，我們必須重新找回我們自己，撣去身上的塵土，開始重塑美國的重任。

環顧四周，有無數工作等著我們。經濟狀況期待著我們大膽和快速的行動。我們會付諸行動－－不僅僅是創造就業機會，同時還要為未來的增長打下新的基礎。我們將建設公路、橋梁和電網，以及將我們緊密聯係起來、提供商業信息的數字高速公路。我們會重新樹立科學應有的地位，並利用技術手段提高醫療保障的質量，同時降低其費用。我們將利用太陽、風與土壤，來驅動我們的汽車和工廠。我們將改革我們的學校和大學，以滿足新時代的需要。這些都有可能實現，更會去實現。

現在，有人還在懷疑我們的信心──他們認為我們的國家無法承擔這樣的重大計劃。他們太健忘了，他們忘記了這個國家曾經取得的成就，他們忘記了當擁有了理想、共同的目標和必要的勇氣，這些自由的人民曾經取得的輝煌成就。

這些憤世嫉俗的人無法理解這個國家所發生的轉變──那些陳腐的政治已經纏繞了我們太久太長。我們現在麵臨的問題不是政府太大還是太小，而是政府所扮演的角色──應該幫助家庭獲得體麵的收入，購買他們的所需，有尊嚴地退休。當這些答案都是肯定的時，我們才能繼續前進。如果答案是否定的，一切都將不複存在。我們這些管理公共財產的人應該負起責任──把錢花在刀刃上、改掉惡習、光明正大地行事──因為隻有這樣我們才能重塑人民和政府之間的信任。

市場力量的好壞不是我們的問題。市場在創造財富和推進自由進程方麵是無可代替的，但是這場危機也提醒了我們沒有審慎的監管，市場的力量將如野馬一樣脫韁──一個僅有財富的國家不可能持續繁榮。我們在經濟上所取得的成功不僅體現在我們的經濟總量上，也體現在我們的繁榮程度上，體現在我們為每個渴望成功的心靈所提供的機會上─這並非出自惻隱之心，而是我們實現共同利益的必經之路。

我們拒絕在安全和理想之間妥協。我們的建國先輩們，麵對我們無法想象的凶險，卻依然用幾代人的鮮血維護了神聖的法律和人權。那些理想依然在照亮著這個世界，我們不會因一時的困難而放棄這些理想。我要對那些正在看著我們的國家和人民說，無論你身處繁華的都市還是像養育了我父親那樣的小村莊：對於那些追求和平與尊嚴的男人、女人和孩子，美國將永遠是你們的朋友，我們將繼續和你們一起前進。

我們是這種傳統的捍衛者。我們繼續追尋這些信念的指引，我們將直麵這些挑戰並更加努力─更多的溝通與合作。我們會負責地將伊拉克還給當地的人民，並在阿富汗保衛來之不易的和平。我們將與老朋友和原來的敵人一道，共同消除核威脅，解決全球變暖的根源。我們不會為自己的做法道歉，更不會動搖捍衛和平的決心，對於那些崇尚恐怖、濫殺無辜的人，我們的精神是強大而不可戰勝的。你拖不垮我們，我們將會打敗你。

我們多種族混居是一種優勢。我們是一個由基督徒、穆斯林、猶太教徒、印度教徒和無神論者共同組成的國家。我們吸收了各種文化的精髓，從世界的每個角落學習。因為我們經曆過內戰和種族隔離的痛苦洗禮，並在黑暗中更加堅強和團結，我們無法保證，但是我們相信憎恨終將消弭，分隔終將散去。隨著世界越來越緊密地聯係在一起，我們共同的人性將顯露出來，美國必須承擔引領新時代和平的重任。

對於穆斯林世界，我們將基於共同的利益和信仰，尋找更好的合作之路。對於那些在世界各個地方挑起衝突或一味批評西方不良影響的領導者：你的人民評判你的依據是你建立了什麽，而不是破壞了什麽。對於那些依靠腐敗和欺騙並壓製異議而追求權利的人們：你們站在了人類曆史的對立麵。如果你們能張開緊握的拳頭，我們也將伸出友誼之手。

對於那些貧窮的人們，我們保證和你們一起建設繁茂的農場和幹淨的水源，滋養那些饑寒交迫的身體和心靈。對於那些與我們一樣相對富裕的國家，我們不能再對外界的苦難漠不關心，更不能繼續大肆索取世界的資源。世界必須改變，我們都必須改變。

當我們審視前方的道路時，我們會感激那些跨越千山萬水來到這裏的人們。今天，他們有話對我們說，也是安息在阿林頓國家公墓裏的先烈們時刻提醒我們的。我們尊敬他們不僅因為是他們捍衛了我們的自由，更因為他們正是奉獻精神的化身；他們致力於尋找遠高於自身的生命真諦。而此時，在這個特殊的時代，我們更需讓這種精神長存。

因為歸根結底，政府所能做的，也是必須做到的，是體現每個美國人的信念和決心，這也是這個國家賴以生存的精神力量。這種力量是洪災泛濫時，陌生人之間的溫暖善舉；是經濟困難時期，人們自損利益保全朋友工作的無私忘我。這是消防員們毅然衝入濃煙火海的勇氣，也是父母培養孩子的無私之心，這些都決定了我們的命運。

或許，我們今日遇到挑戰前所未有，所有的情況完全陌生。但是，我們賴以走向成功的價值觀從未改變——誠實、勤勉、勇敢、公正、寬容、好學、忠貞和愛國。我們的曆史亦由這些真理推進，亙古不變。如今，我們麵對的是一個全新的責任時代——人人都需重視，對我們自己，我們的國家乃至整個世界，都有一份責任。我們會欣然接受這份責任，人生也正因此而充實。

這是公民的價值和承諾。

這是我們信心的源泉——上帝賜予我們知識以應對無常的命運。

這是我們所崇尚的自由與信念的真諦——這就是為什麽今天，不同膚色，不同信仰的男女老少在此匯聚一堂；這就是為什麽六十年前，一位父親走入餐廳甚至無人理睬，而今天他的兒子可以站在這裏，在你們麵前許下最莊嚴的誓言。

所以讓我們記住這一天，記住自己，記住為此的付出。在我們的國家誕生之初，先輩們在最寒冷的日子裏，圍聚在結冰的河邊靠微弱的篝火取暖。離鄉背井，後有敵軍，鮮血染紅了白雪。就在革命的道路如此模糊，意誌也開始躊躇之時，我們的國父有這樣幾句話：

“告訴未來的世界……當一切陷入寒冬，萬物俱滅，隻有希望和勇氣可以長存……這座城市和這個國家，在共同的危機下團結起來，共同麵對前方的艱難。”

美國，麵對我們共同的危機，在這艱難的寒冬，讓我們牢記那些永恒的字句。懷著希望和美德，讓我們再一次勇敢地麵對冰冷的現實，迎接任何可能的風浪。讓我們的子孫傳唱，當我們麵對挑戰時，我們沒有怯懦、沒有退縮，更沒有踟躕不前。我們在上帝的關愛下眺望遠方，我們在自由的道路上繼續前進，我們的精神將永遠閃耀著光芒