Fluorination with aminosulfuranes is a chemical reaction that transforms oxidized organic compounds into organofluorine compounds. Aminosulfuranes selectively exchange hydroxyl groups for fluorine, but are also capable of converting carbonyl groups, halides, silyl ethers, and other functionality into organofluorides. Prior to the introduction of diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) in 1970 for the replacement of hydroxyl groups with fluoride, sulfur tetrafluoride was the reagent most commonly used to accomplish this transformation. However, sulfur tetrafluoride only reacts with the most acidic hydroxyl groups (its substrate scope is limited), and is difficult to handle, toxic, and capable of generating hydrogen fluoride upon hydrolysis. Thus, aminosulfurane reagents such as diethylaminosulfur trifluoride have largely replaced SF4 as the reagents of choice for replacement of hydroxyl groups with fluoride. ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Aminosulfuranes are usually prepared by reaction of the corresponding dialkylamino(trialkyl)silanes with SF4.[2] When the aminosulfurane is exposed to a second equivalent of aminosilane, bis(dialkylamino)sulfur difluorides result.[3] Tris(dialkylamino)sulfonium difluorotrimethylsilicates such as tris(diethylamino)sulfonium difluorotrimethylsilicate (TASF) have achieved synthetic utility as reagents for the fluorination of halides. These form when three equivalents of aminosilane are exposed to sulfur tetrafluoride.[4] ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The mechanism of fluorination by DAST parallels that of sulfur tetrafluoride. Attack of the hydroxyl group of the substrate on sulfur and elimination of hydrogen fluoride lead to an alkoxyaminosulfur difluoride intermediate. Nucleophilic attack by fluoride, either by an SN1[5] or SN2[6] pathway, leads to the product. Although clean configurational inversion has been observed in a number of chiral alcohols, carbocationic rearrangements have also been observed in some cases. The operative pathway depends on the structure of the substrate. ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Conversion of aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding geminal difluorides proceeds by a similar mechanism, with addition of hydrogen fluoride preceding the hydroxyl replacement mechanism described above. An important side product in fluorinations of enolizable ketones is the corresponding vinyl fluoride, which results from deprotonation of intermediate fluoro carbocations. 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)
Halides react by an essentially metathetical exchange of the halide for fluoride. Byproducts containing the exchanged halide have been isolated. Aminosulfuranes are highly selective for the replacement of hydroxyl groups with fluoride, but in the absence of alcohol functionality, they have the ability to transform a wide array of substrates into the corresponding fluorides or acyl fluorides. For example, ketones are converted to geminal difluorides.[8] However, unlike sulfur tetrafluoride, aminosulfuranes do not convert carboxylic acids into trifluoromethyl groups; the reaction halts at the acyl fluoride stage.[9] Silyl ethers are converted to organofluorides in the presence of DAST.[10] ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Aldehydes and ketones react with DAST to form the corresponding geminal difluorides. Fluorination of enolizable ketones gives a mixture of the difluoroalkane and vinyl fluoride. In glyme with fuming sulfuric acid, the vinyl fluoride product predominates.[11] Electron-rich carbonyl compounds, such as esters and amides, do not react with DAST or other aminosulfuranes. 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)
Epoxides may yield a variety of products depending on their structure. Generally, the products that form in highest yield are vicinal difluorides and bis(α-fluoroalkyl)ethers. However, this reaction results in low yields and is not synthetically useful. 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)
The polar mechanism of fluorination by DAST implies that certain substrates may suffer Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements. This process has been observed in the fluorination of pivalaldehyde, which affords a mixture of 1,2-difluoro-1,2-dimethylpropane, 1,1-difluoro-2,2-dimethylpropane, and 1-fluoro-2,2-dimethylethylene. ![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAiMAAAByCAYAAACBZ9HKAAAgAElEQVR4Ae1dB9Q7yxRfvffee2f1v16Wpz0lnn6ITnSiCw5e1Dh4ludYHtbhhOPsU6JFC8eHvyhRFi9KECVKEOQhCH7OnZ3ZnU0235fkS7KbL3fPycnWmdnfnZ35zb137hjgjRFgBBgBRoARYAQYgRQRMFLMm7NmBBgBRoARYAQYAUYATEa4EjACjAAjwAgwAoxAqggwGUkVfs6cEWAEGAFGgBFgBJiMcB1gBBgBRoARYAQYgVQRYDKSKvycOSPACDACjAAjwAgwGeE6wAgwAowAI8AIMAKpIsBkJFX4OXNGgBFgBBgBRoARYDLCdYARYAQYAUaAEWAEUkWAyUiq8HPmjAAjwAgwAowAI8BkhOsAI8AIMAKMACPACKSKAJORVOHnzBkBRoARYAQYAUaAyQjXAUaAEWAEGAFGgBFIFQEmI6nCz5kzAowAI8AIMAKMAJMRrgOMACPACDACjAAjkCoCTEZShZ8zZwQYAUaAEWAEGAEmI1wHGAFGYAoB38nDMAwYVgX9qatAxysG13MuhgnX+RQjwAgwAosgwGRkEbT4XkZgRxAIyYhhwOuOJ956ANsyJFlxmIxMoMOHjAAjsDgCTEYWx4yfYASOPAI6Gck5fux9x90aTNKa0C/nYBC7ygeMACOQjMAQbk5+N+r70f5zdiv5sR05y2RkRwTNr8kILIKA7+Rg5Eoo5w0YZtxU47tkwjFhmWTGiTQjw3YdRaUxMQzkSi66o0Vy5XvXgwB3guvBddFUlRxMFEollPRfsQi73lk0wSN1P5ORIyVOfhlGYDUI+I4FI+eiVS8LDYjXUayij7JhwKp4cAoRGRl1qoGmxMjBqTVQc0vBsVlBbzVF4lSWRoA7waWhW+mDUg6WC/U1rTT5LU+MyciWC5CLzwisAwFBRiwXw2ELOdJyOIEKeSxJR7XdRZW0JkIzMgr2jRyamjdrfy8gMnZLO7mOwnKaByDAneABAG3ospJDpE3cUMZbkQ2Tka0QExeSEdgsAoKMmA5GGMMj0mGUxayalm3BMEroYxTYvwUZGcJRtnDTgmWaMC0r9CuxdtwWvlnJJeXGnWASKps/J+VgltDq9tDtdNERvw66Pfa8YjKy+RrJOTICmUdAkRHSafQbgYaj1m6jQiYaQS7iZCRwzDNhV6uoulW4rouq58HzPNRbbKhJV+DcCaaLv8pdykFzWhVO4OK4vPOO4ExGVD3hf0aAEQgR0MkIhi3ktQbU69BUX320rRrZAtraLOBxp45ivgBnj8lICGwqO0o+STM5uBPcnEiUHIpotjtot9vy56PdSYrms7mSZSEnJiNZkAKXgRHIGAIxMoIxakVTOqTaMgiaNM3I2TSDZkVeL6DW9NGqu7AEgTHR4HY2ZelyJ5iyAGT2Ug7aDLRslCsbpWAykg05cCkYgUwhIKb2ao2mIhuFaluWcwiXfEm0CKydui0JiBqB51BtMRNJX7DcCaYvAyoBy2E/OTAZ2Q8dvsYIMAILIjDCoN/HYDCEZrFZMA2+fbUIcCe4WjyXTS2SA7urTmPIZGQaEz7DCDACjMARQoA7wWwIU8pB0yZmo1zZKAWTkWzIgUvBCGQagTPPPBOnnXYajh8/nulycuGSEOBOMAmVtM+dccYZ+MlPfpJ2MTKTP5ORzIiCC8IIZBeBn//858JB9alPfWp2C8klmwsB3/fR7XbnupdvWh8Cl7zkJXHs2LH1ZbBlKTMZ2TKBcXEZgTQQYDKSBuqrz/M///mPIJW5XG71iXOKCyHAZCQOF5OROB58xAgwAgkIMBlJAGULTzEZyY7QmIzEZcFkJI4HHzECjEACAkxGEkDZwlNMRrIjNCYjcVkwGYnjwUeMACOQgACTkQRQtvAUk5HsCI3JSFwWTEbiePARI8AIJCDAZCQBlC08xWQkO0JjMhKXBZOROB58xAgwAgkIMBlJAGULTzEZyY7QmIzEZcFkJI4HHzECjEACAkxGEkDZwlNMRrIjNCYjcVkwGYnjsRVHvpMPFiWzKnLRsnixO14xuM6R/uLA8NHSCGSBjAx9N6jXholaNyHYfL8u18bJozVc+lWP9INMRrIjXiYjcVkwGYnjsRVHIRkxDHhTjfIAtiUXKtMWOtuKF1txIUfDAfq0TspwtOKUdy+5bJARR5IRAznHnxJC2y3I6zkmI1PoBCeYjMwAJoXTTEbioDMZieOxFUc6GZlslMfdGkyxdDutqOogywsyRSNdtcpr8G/l8rBrrZkLralOx6rsJcpr1N1DMSeXvFdYmHlUm73g/lELOXV+xn/ObiWmvasns0ZGjCmtYB92TtUj1ozMqqdMRmYhs/nzqZORkY+CbP/y7jS5BwZw5DeVfH21mDEZWS2eG0lNLO+eK6FMS7ibcVON75IJx4RlGjB0zcioC7ckzTtUAa0i6u10qcrQD0a6Vr6IUqkkfsVCLhz9mqV6AiHpokzvJj6iPFqTSo9hC3n1gZVseLUa3Io0WxkGXH8IjDqwizLPcgl5qUnKF4MylIpF2LXORmS5LZlkiYzkcpaQv9eJhD/uemG9MQxdMzJGy6tI8w3VGwsVbzbR3RZ5LFvOLJCRaBCy2+a2JDLyv//9b1nRLv7cKGorJ/sRkVgvGthuYnDGZGRBEX7uc5/Dk570JHz0ox9d8MnV3e47Foyci1a9PNEo91E2DFgVD05BJyNRB160PTTqbthh6w366ko4X0qKjDh+1KmIJwfNkLFX2/Frw5Yt3tm0As1H0YuTBpVmsRZfe2PYCoiPWWlOFa4tCFwOfoIbwtTNO3riy1/+Mi560YviKU95CqhDS2NTsrXrnqi/OSfSXgmCbhTh2kS4IzLScgJyaxYqqDfqsAtBvdGfTeNd0sozG2SEzW0k/yQycp/73AfFYhF//vOf119FdDJimJjsC5QGmgZ+ee1bW1fBmIzMiWyn08F973tf0RHe/va3F/93vetd8YMf/GDOFFZ3myAjlovhMDA3qIZ13KmKclXbXVRJayI1I71GQFpK9X5UCGWqKHiId/fRLeveCzuX1rSGZtAMSIcVM5eMUSsGo9tGp4UiaUAmNEOjduDkWK7HyQjGXdiFPOx6nLzQOwYdWdSBrfu9tyn9P/3pT6DF8c52trPhpje9qahfN7jBDdBoNDb+Gqq+uO0eakS2jTICw1svIOF2E36V/EakLEd+QLoLnqZhU3Uoj0kOvPEXSiHDrJGRXTa3TZKRv/zlL7jhDW8ovrGLX/zieOtb37pe4i/7AKtYFJpD1Y8E1bKPimnAzBeCa2E7vD5NI5ORAxqE4XCIF7zgBTjXuc4lKsk973lPfOlLX8IDH/hAcXz2s58dT3/60zEYTHeoByS99GVBRkwHI4zhEekwymJWTcsm9XUJfYzgkq1PkpHIx8SEZVkwTQuW1CwYpp2aX4nqXOwEMoKxtGfmHIQTIwZ7gbo9XxWdy145UNc7ZHpR22Av9Acx8yW4Xh2tdhfDfbQeTEYUeNE/dVqnnnqq0IbQyOgmN7kJPvOZz+BZz3oWznGOc4i6f9JJJ+GnP/1p9NCa91R9cdojDPakVpA4Z1eS8O4IHanlotk0o44X+k+Zot5T/Ve+RBaaWrVZc9Ezk3yWyMium9uIjJxwwgmgPkZt//3vf+E4Di5xiUuIb8w0TXz+859Xl1f7L8lI3m2gKgZ5itwDyuzpNOpCS60GhevUNDIZmSFest25rotLX/rSolJc5zrXwac+9anY3Xt7e7jxjW8srl/sYhfDW97ylvUyWZm7IiNUhftS61Frt1EhE41gsMlkpGi7qFar4r3cahWe58Gr+5nUjADDGKGiV++IUa8BW83bVDbNQk0b+QLkwFrWfE8C/xID+bKHfgIpYTISq9b47Gc/i+td73qiXl/qUpfCO97xDlAjqbYf/ehHOPHEE8V1Iunk73PmmWeqy2v7V2TEJkehsCFtoeWSKYZIeFzLpXwTzHw5qvduVfgReV4DvYS6sLbCZyRh8v2hNu3BD34w/vnPf6ZSqlCOO25ue/jDHy6+IZLHu971Luj+ImSmIXONIv73v//98bOf/Wy18pLfUM5toyfJfVX6YQWko4TuMNAuin5lzZpGJiMJ4j1+/DhudrObiYpykYtcBG984xsxHie3XNRIv/3tbxf2P+r0rn/964P8Sla90YhGbToZgeawSfl7HSpnvCNXcUcqsaFgH04xj6JdzyYZURXfUpqbQG1I75gvVWDbNuyKmsppoaFZoBRO49EA3XYLNddGXjm9JpilmIwEiJEpkpaWJ4zPec5z4jnPeQ7++te/Kjin/uv1Oq597WuL+y9zmcvg3e9+d6xBnXpgiRN6vQ87MUFGx/CEqYY0gzTVN/AficlSNrbkCK1vfrWMfMHGhDuSfsuR2//73/+Ol7zkJTjPec6Dq1/96gKzq1zlKvjQhz608XdVctx1cxv1KdS3UB9DdZj6nK985Ssxefzwhz/EPe5xD3GdiP8LX/jC1RF/RUZomvy4Jc0xNKumj5JhwKzQN+ULTTORkXVrGpmMaKL/1a9+hYc+9KFC8GQjJ0fVP/7xj9odwPve9z40m9NOkNRoP/vZzw6ZLPmXrEKFTWTnne98J650pSuBRjW0xcgIyAYuVc+mLYOgDYMpWWo2jerYDRPlagO+30BFmHcMFCYcQGMvu+YD1SglmWnGnWB2hFkKfBOUL4hh5kDqXTI3WVYOOal2V1OcG3YBZt5NMD0N4Ip3np72GevA1vzOWUye1MTPe97zBAGhRvHe9743fvzjH89VVGpQTznlFFz4whcW383Nb35zfPWrX53r2YNu+vSnP43rXve6INJD22R96e9VRJ5UZhUELS7LMeql4NuwSi6avo+aLQlsxqe9H4TNItdJG3r5y19eYEVE5MMf/jDK5TLOe97zinP0LX33u99dJMlD3avkuA3mNvKZ8v2kaa+HgiD2MPUx1NdQn0N1mfog6ov07ROf+ASuda1rieuXvexl8Z73vOfwxF+SkUCbLsm9aaPTDtreKg1sx4FfIt2zbk0jkxEA//jHP2If553udKepCvjNb34Tt7nNbcKPV68o+j6psMmvhCoVMVnyN9Ftgvq9B+3TDAay1VNaNJNBNcqiwVVEA8CgGTTKhWpbJjkMOl4tAuuot4eSCoYmp74Wnb3UtCJU0LBRmvQkHHVRkfPbxVRcAA3ZqUwFeQuJVhH07eyVg86n0phwYEVfzpkP7tOxj3dg+pWjvU9qYVIPK1MkdfxEAJbZ/vCHP+AJT3iCaFDPcpazIJ/P49e//vUySQkiRISI6j1paEgLRltUX6SNXcVJ0IhFW3dgFU/14ZW1Ke004stX0I7M9EuVcRse+sY3voFb3/rWAscLXvCCeO1rX4t//etfYdFJPtTxkbzU4IvkuO5NyXEbzG1EAqg938RGpIf6Hqr3RBSJMFLfpLZ///vfeMMb3oALXehC4p5b3OIWiQNjdf+sf0pHbDEyEpn8Kf9wYoB+j9xfl6aRyQgANTsmSW35u9/9Do95zGPEB0sf7aMf/WjQuYM28i8hPxMSLDX25H+i2wT3e/6Xv/wlHvKQh4hnqZGg6ZTE0FexDQcD9AeDfR06V5HPPGmoRskqlMSHRx9fsRB1HFa5EfiCKFNUaLKJp64cWct7fYy7KiS4AUrXrXqoamaanD2t1TpaZESa6CThFA2Ltq/HCzj55JNFHSM1MXX4s0yRcbT3P6IR9h3veEeR7vnOdz68/OUvx2g033wt0i6SaYgICJWbTEZkOlrFNt6haLy//e1vRTtF7dVZz3pW0X7t12aRWZo0WoQ5abj2M0svKwtq+1T9Ut994PuVbXPbJsmIwpZMZ1e96lWFPK54xSviAx/4gLok/imqdKFQELIlGZPvSa8nAzrG7owf0MzPu9zlLnjyk58cXNCJBp3RpvqGQc5i96xX07gzZIT8B0iI1BFPNo2ktnzVq14Vc+iiEUSlUsEFLnABUSlIK0LakUU2ZRPUVdj04c/aiAW/7GUvE3ZdahjufOc743vf+96s27f+vFL7TXaYVq4Ap+6HTqlKHT8ZO0QBQCYdEXVW+oMMOw2UJiOwGiZKbrImKAgUt/zUXpKz7tugypXOvyIjJgoykJwKKCeCuWlTm6mDesYznjFlilxFuU8//XQQuSfZkomRnKVnbWSKJCdZml1A95PzLDnR8rYYAuSQ+prXvCZss25729ui1YpiseyXGpGFgxz293t+v2tf+9rXcMtb3hKveMUrxG0RGQlmIKrvm2SfNXNbGmSEQCJZUp90/vOfX3wTt7vd7fCtb30rBvN3vvMd3OEOdxDXr3a1q8WczPUbaSD7tKc9DTTzkzAmbZgYGEutsvK3AhTZsFBX3t2SjITkBOvTNB59MjLswC1FUT1JGBShtOQ2EvwKAhHWajWQcOneK1zhCsJPRBfuovuk+nziE58Y2gQf9rCHTdkE3//+94u8KE/KmwgSb4dDYDwaYiAI6DAkNodLMflp+rBJk0UjlA9+8IP429/+lnzjRs4q52V3inRvJHstE9KIvPKVrwRpSKheU8P57W9/W7sDYpq8bop885vfnCFiFytqpg8+8pGPxNosak+W2WhW1POf//wwlMG97nUvkOl5me03v/kNHvGIRwitMmloaHYIbYqMhFPyM2Zue+YznynCNVDIBgpCduUrXzk83m8wuQxGBz1DGD7ykY8MMXzc4x6H3//+97HHiOgT+Z/caICkT8+nmZ80A3QV2zo0jUebjAyaYaRRI1dCtVZHrarNrMi7UQwLAN///vfFvG9qOMnr/KUvfSnIC31VG9kEyVmM0lc2QarcNIKhc6SFoZFNWlPuVvWeu5gONRoUqIjkSL5CZGemWVakMt/spsiIFp9lswWYyo1UyETUlNmAVMw0qqPppYQXjdgosNqqTJFTBdjQCXrPeR1/Dy6S0nAFs4UIJ/2nm9tIo0HXqE0hzaruZ3BwPsl3kPO9CvJI00vJOZ+Ccs2zTY7qyQw+OaqfJ52ke9bRCU7mQyEa3vSmN4kf+UGRL5U6pj4ije3rX/+60C6RnMn/53Wvex1C34+EAtGMTprZSfeTxvG0006bqTlJeDyVU0eYjIxllEYDBac5MTJWzowGitoaJNRIkvCokfzFL36xNoHQ6FmpsI8dOyYckh71qEel0HGt7RV3MmHSZlH9mfyRivrVr341zjjjjA3gIjsxs4RWt4dup4uO+HXQ7W0uMF/Si9IsNHK6I3zIr4Qc8ciGnVYDn1TGw5yjiJk0K2I1myIjB5vbiHyQXxn5mq16W7RTI38H1baReW7S32HV5Vt3emmZaZLeizSw733ve3G5y11OfEPXuMY18LGPfSx2qx4pnHyviETuNz0/9nDKB0eXjPQbgR+BNuskhnVfRurUnCLJp4Siq25io9EDsW6yBVLjTKOHSRX2JsrBeawWgbvf/e5TZEQnJ9e85jXx3Oc+FzRTSg8ktrpSqE5smhRRpN506QiErZps4Te60Y0ETjRd8ZOf/OTqXj/FlNZCRqz0zW2k7idtAQV2pLpM6v4vfvGLMaSTtL6r0NDEMknhIEtkRL0+mYFf/OIX49znPreQx93udjfhzzhpXludlk7lvN7/I0tG1IJqpck1SkI8RzPjToS3rHmH/EjIlkr+BkqF/fjHP1442q45a05+TQiQOlUnH/vtk/qUZmqRj9LqGm5FRopotjtot9vy56PdSYgMtyYc9kv2bW97m8DosY99bNigUmAnCvC0zdt6yEh2zG205IXuCPmgBz1ImNsOipGxzTIlv6dNTHdeBqNut4sHPOAB4lu61a1uJf6TIoUvk3YazxxZMjLyAztqpTl7LJj2lE4iI9RZUYAb5XFOx6S+fv3rX7+vTTCNyjIrT1Ifks8EfRz864ZRSfcjIpPXyEeJprKS/f9wjZ8kI7M0grOEuMHziozQytcU4vp+97uf+A7IN4GcBzeyYukK3pfiB9FsJPUjfzBaRFAdExFcfpNyzKC5jaaI0iKhVIfJKZl8GMjcvGnnzuWxPVpPkmmMBjZkklHTp7fxDY8sGVFLxtv7kJGGWGgtl9qCWToZocpDnTpF1qMIe/Shk0r/4x//eObrFRGRyc6Vj5PMJPOdI4dOIqfLbdtFRtQ70mJgtCgY1RtaJIwWC1uPGUvlePh/cm4XyxLQ0gS2LRbPpBAA6tzh/M6UhiupzqRvbiP0yEGblgMg3wSK8EqRXnnbPAJk3qfvhkw327wdWTIy7tUDn5FifBG1SFidxCXoo+vr35skIypHsgm+6EUvClXY5IdwuFGWSnk9/xSvggJn8S/AQC1utSwho1EOjT6X2yIyMlsnuFzKq3pK14zoaZJvApk61KwkWk79C1/4gn5LpvfXYqYxsmtuI18fquNkbiPtCO1TxFeK/Mrb5hBgMrI5rJfMaSDDfxsoa4GegsSGqMnl56OAL0tmc4jHZpERlSStRUOrNdJHTqNlmqe/LSps9Q679k9O0GrNj3nJCIX6P+mkk8SImiKYkoZs+U2SEW0pgOXTWs+Ts8iIyo3qOJk6VJAmsourdZnUPVn8XwsZybC5TZERcm6lAQn5P5EPHPm/UaTqzU9rz2KtWH+ZmIysH+PD56DFGbEKZXj1Buqeg4JawVVb0+LwmS2ewkFkRKVIo0MaJVLnRqrRKHKpGUYsVPeK/74KiT69KFzsPj5YOQK0JstBJITIB8VwoLDbFG/jcORj5a+w9gQPIiOqAKQNVLOTyEky6/WeAoaRk+dqtkjDldVldHQyot6ZIr5y3CSFxmb+mYxsBufD5zJowy1NdhAWSs7sCKyHz3S+FOYlI5Qa2c/JJkuqbBXBkDo9tVqtnmPblSuTGsuHONfT4/35EKCQ5klEZNfJxyR685IR9Rz5TZHGabfqfURGVkVvFJ6r+k8iIyrtyYjSFCGWt/UgwGRkPbiuL9XxaCOhwRd5gUXIiJ6u3igbVgXxCZt92HLFW8NgzYiO2zr3aUVlZVYg3xmaGbOrmo+DcF6UjKj0dqveZ9/cth8ZIZnRdHV9ra0TTjjhSK+1perppv+ZjGwa8SOY32HJSC4XhJb3OtHSf+Oup43ONc3IqBvXEFlF1NtZHXNtl7ApdDatN3TKKaeIwHVZnwWSNrqHJSML1XuM0fIqsMLIuBYqXmsiInPaiGxn/geREfVW+irktExC1s1tqtzb8s9kZFskleFyHpaM2HVPrL2jO+EGsVOKcG0yTSky0kVZ+skUbQ+Nuhuu2aMTmQxDxUU7QggclozMX++BlhMskmkWKqg36rALwfRh/Zs5QtBu9FXmJSOqUBR1mKKC6houNjMrdJb/ZzKyPHb8pETgsGTEbffk+jtl9ESaPZQNA5bdhF8lv5GAjPQaZaEtKdU1g45cGtooeKmv7soVYrcQOCwZmbfeQy6RTnV8HEI8Rq1IsTvy8COFYniVd+ZHYFEyolLWyQibmRUqy/8zGVkeO35SInBYMuK0RxjsBUTD6wLoVgXpqHZH6LiRZsR3lAOvKVYNNk0LlhWMEA3TTn29Eq4Qu4XAYcnIvPV+1PGCWEOGAdOyRFC1sN4bVmrBDo+KtA9LRtjctpqawGRkNTjudCqHJSN2awRIDUfebaHlkkq6JBxa9VD3iowUbVfMyKGQ4261Cs/z4NV91ozsdC3c/MsTGaFYFJMrjh5UEjWinrfeK98EM1+O6r1bhVerwfMa6EXqkoOy5usJCByWjLC5LQHUJU4xGVkCNH4kjsDhyQhFIBjDK0Qho5UtXCcjHa8oNCaVph6xoA+nmEfRrjMZiYuFjzKKQERG5qv3iqibpXrsjfxqGfmCjTabaWK4LHpwWDLC5rZFEU++n8lIMi58dgEETj31VJx44okLL4wWNcrBbJj+XiWcQVPrBsM9nYyEtnPDRLnagO83UMkHBKbgdRYoMd/KCKSHwML1HmPUS4E50iq5aPo+araMwZNywMP0UFxdzoclI2xuW40smIysBsedSUWpjA3j8FFTVaPs+FLTMfJRoKmLWgPb1hxYCeRRbw8lK9KgUHCuorPHWpGdqYHpvqgvfJji9S8MEGc5c/ktLVPvgT68svKZCvI38xW0dSVhutBsbe6HJSNsbluN6JmMrAbHnUlFNaRpR00dDgboDwYYsr18Z+peFl5U+S3liyWUSvqviGKljnVzg/FwIKK4DoZsm1lVfTg8GWFz2ypkQXGOSMNOK75v83ZkV+3NmlB0MsLT2bImHS7PuhFQZkOfSfC6od5Y+sePH8exY8dw+umnL5Snagvt1pxmZja3xfBVxH66HwluUz6CRoYXy4y9kDxgMpKEyhrOqQ+Qp7OtAVxOMvMIKDJCE8B420IElCnYMJB3/YQXiFZJT74ePaLawkXMzGxui/ALyYhhwJM+gtHVAWxljs/wis9ReaM9JiMRFmvdUx8gT2dbK8yceEYRCMiIBc/votftotPpotPtiP91m2gyCsl2FWvUCqM2G+bkelgAerUwpkvObq3t3djcBuhkZDKC7bgbyUH3IVybQFaYMJORFYK5X1KKjPB0tv1Q4mtHFQG9AQ0dV+V6MXvMRrIvdp2MGCYml5GIVgo3kHfWR0ayD9T6SyiIfa6EMs2InCCGgaO4CYuW/9A0I8N2HUWlMaHV3ksuuhnTUjIZWX/dETkoMsLT2TYEOGeTKQSUZqTabKPTbqMtf77fYWfqTElqRmFkcEWrWBSLDqp4RsHdfVRMA2a+EFzTNCPb0AnOeOPMnvYdC+QP0qrL6NvhQqn9YDmQigeHYk9JMjLqBJG5aXkQp9ZAzS0FoSDMilxGJBuvymRkQ3JQZISns20IcM4mUwiwz0imxLF4YcJIzw1Uxdo+aj0sQK0U7jTqIsSAJcnItnSCi4OR7hOCjFguhsMWcqTlkJqosSQd1XYXVdKaCDIyCvaNXGz5g75cRsRuZUctyWRkQ/UqIiM8nW1DkHM2GUIgJCPZafsyhM4WFEWSkZzbRnPhkDgAAAm7SURBVE92ZFU5Ig9WRi6hO/SFX0lARranE9wC9GNFFGTEdDCi6NsieGVZLAHSsi25HMgIbk6RkSEc2ieTKK1JZprBOk3SRKqIYyyDlA6YjGwI+IiM8HS2DUHO2WQIASYjGRLGMkVRZMTxgXFLmmNoVk0fJVqIsEJ+Ir4YqQcd3PZ0gsvAkeYziowQr+/LFdlr7TYqYsV2kkOcjAhiYpiwq1VU3SpobbIqrUvmeai3gvXe03wflTeTEYXEmv8VGeHpbGsGmpPPJAKBY10OGdIKZxKnzBZK+YwIE4xcD8u00Wl7YtRd7YwFSSGzgSIj29IJZhbzGQXTyQiG2iwnmupLcsAwphkJ5FBAW4vxM+7UUcwX4OwxGZkBM59OQoCnsyWhwucYAUZgYwjEyEg0Ig/U/3Kqb+we2SEa2e8EN4bhijKKkRGMUSsG6y8Zpi3MNURGhGlGOrAOmnLtMrOAWtNHq+4KzRYtTdLor6hQK0iGNSMrAJGTYAQYAUbgSCMQIxpkCYhG5GGQs4l7tqUT3Da5CZOnNm1X4VyotuWrDOGSL4kWgbVTtyUBUetD5VBtZYiJAGAysm01kcvLCDACjMCmERgFzqlq5gbCEO0W6j2p/5dkJCQnALahE9w0lOnlN8Kg38dgMIRmsUmvOBM5MxmZAIQPGQFGgBFgBFaJQLY7wVW+Kae1PAJMRpbHjp9kBBgBRoARYAQYgRUgwGRkBSByEowAI8AIMAKMACOwPAJMRpbHjp9kBBgBRoARYAQYgRUgwGRkBSByEowAI8AIMAKMACOwPAJMRpbHjp9kBBgBRoARYAQYgRUgwGRkBSByEowAI8AIMAKMACOwPAJMRpbHjp9kBBgBRoARYAQYgRUgwGRkBSByEowAI8AIMAKMACOwPAJMRpbHjp9kBBgBRoARYAQYgRUgwGRkBSByEowAI8AIMAKMACOwPAJMRpbHjp9kBHYTgfEQ/f5wpe8+GvTRHySlOcagP8BoIrdhv49hFhfYmChnpg9ZjtkSz47Lg8lItqojl4YRyDgCQ1RzBgzLlQRhiIZTgmnI1UDNPNy9XvI7DFvIGQYqrUHseqtahFiKntLIO9Cf7tWDa3uxR0bwaFVSy0HsdCxVPtgfgQQ5upocDRMlp4EkekiL5NVKtGx9Ab7GElmO+yO+/9Ul5DHswClY4bdj5sto9iKBbJs8mIzsX0P4KiPACGgIqOXKvU7Q6InlzA0DZqGCWs1FwQxISbU90Y0NfJTkNVsnI6OWWNo87zbR86uiYS14HZljB0XDgFVpaiWQu72auLfU0KnL9G18JhmBSTk27aBTow7Nq3ko54lsJGPfq5dlB5hDU4mZ5ZgM9JxnF5bHuIuSHAAUHQ+eowh9OSDzWygPJiNzVha+jRFgBAZwLNJeVKVWpCvIgmFW0Ffg9OtCS2LZLXUGvaYrCIfSfuhkZNQNSIXbJpvLSKRvymc7XgGGoXV4YYq0M0atYCCWd+w6H8xGYEKO4zby1LHFNE0D2CRro4SunlB/T2i3Alnm0ZJkhOWog7To/uLy6DcCQhgRd6AlCWWtO8Y2yoPJyKL1hu9nBHYUgVE70FyUG5J6jAfY81xUG1p3NWwK4pFzFBkZoCJGcBacqiOIik5Ghr4jRtlVoQwJyEjObQMIOsic489EW40mHV3TMvNuvqAQmJLjqINK3kKpSrhHW12YYnQyOIBDJjojj3KRNCm5kIywHCPcFt1bXB4jVMlMaZTlIGCMseDyffitNgZjYBvlwWRk0ZrD9zMCO4pAy87N1FSMBl00Gx6KYjRtwgvNNGN0mi0IU/bYF6NqnYxgFJzLVepoNezA9LLXQ6eaF52e7pMwBfvIFyN6s7I3dYlPzEZgPzmGTykNiOWEfiO+SzIx4PgDKZ+IjLAcQ+QW3llcHkNJCguwK8o8Y8DMV+ArJ6ot/K6YjCxcdfgBRmAXERjCFY6rUeeko+A7kSOdYZhodCNHuvA+aceOkREgZsYp2HsYyYY075HGZYhWo456fQ9d5Z8QJhiVSbXB4SXemYFAhNkUnOqJfhMF6Y/g+sFdo44niIgliV/gK6SREZajQm/B/2XkMYQrNCOkHbHgeHXUnJKQj+5UrJtHt+G7YjKyYNXh2xmB3URAjsa0kXIchzFIU9xv1wP/A6MY9zWgm2eQkXg6yvZdQnfcl34L1OgG5oFmjHXM0ZBPJr7zx/vLceB7oX+P01TmuI50liwh8Fseoym0ZBb2+rPnVwc+DCzH/avcEvKA0oxYqGv+28qPZJLsq/yzLg8mI0pS/M8IMAL7IJDUaI7R67TRHcS1IDPVzvOQkcGe8Csp1vuAnDHjkK1mFEwLjvuQMBnZR2AzLiXJMbi17anRdQ61TqQ3GTYrkgwqUhj/r8QZYpAYy3EG/pOnF5cHIB1eTTlzRiY5artCTsWa5sOlstsCeTAZUcLif0aAEdgHAaka1mdcDJtBfJFCTXtuhCrNcjGsaNqnujoHGWmUaUppSUxPHLaoE8zJWBbDYKZNRTnGUqIRGYkpTFR+/J+AQIIcAXS8wPfALMTjvFAC40EH9VoN9TqZy+qoN+qwZXyLsltDO0E7wnJMgD7x1OLyoGQa5cAs6nUizdRgLyCNtpripOW3DfJgMqIJjHcZAUZgNgKhn0CoCJHBxwwDhYoHv92EWyInVwNmqS7MNrHUDiIjvbp4Vs3Wic0ykFOGC8G0myDZcVv4NiTGIYllzAc6AlNyHOyFphmjUEalXEapXEa5XEKx5KIb9XdhMm03cGb2E66B5RjiNM/OUvLoBVPoaWZTda+FZt0OBgZGCRo/CbLfEnkwGZmntvA9jAAjgL4aeelqeYoCKaZ5Rqr7fKWWHBlVmlqSbdqK2GgxSzCEJ7QsKu0S2iERiqYvljnw2UK1c1KOw1YwvZocjwPfHIU3/cedVFVGvjNrthPLUWE07/+y8hj4NS3mC8XcKSQ4jm+PPJiMzFtj+D5GYOcR6KNCUVTDoGcRIKPhAP1+H4NR0lA5um/23hidVhO+Fs46uHeEjt9Es+WL+AnR8zLomRG3m0fXeW82ArPlOPuZea+wHOdFKrrvMPIYYdCfta4T5bA98mAyEtUI3mMEGIEDEFB2aS9Jd3/Asyu9LFXPHA5+OVRZjsvhtq6nWB4Ak5F11S5OlxE4kggMg+iPORUSPo2XlKrnnBsG5EqjFNudJ8sxW/JjeTAZyVaN5NIwAluAwAiDQTT1M40CDweDaQfZNAqy1XmyHLMlvt2WB5ORbNVGLg0jwAgwAowAI7BzCDAZ2TmR8wszAowAI8AIMALZQoDJSLbkwaVhBBgBRoARYAR2DoH/Az2LM6jb7UWMAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
Diols can undergo pinacol rearrangement under fluorination conditions. ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
When sulfoxides are treated with DAST, an interesting Pummerer-type rearrangement occurs to afford α-fluoro sulfides. ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Aminosulfuranes compare favorably with many of the other fluorination methods available. They are easier to handle than sulfur tetrafluoride; however SF4 does not promote cationic rearrangements.[15] With respect to carboxylic acids, aminosulfuranes and SF4 are complementary: the former gives acid fluorides, while the latter gives trifluoromethyl compounds. ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Perfluorinated alkylamines, such as Ishikawa's reagent (N,N-Diethyl-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropylamine),[16] are highly selective for hydroxyl groups and do not react with aldehydes and ketones. The amide byproducts of these reagents, however, are harder to separate from the desired products than aminosulfurane byproducts. 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)
Alkali and tetraalkylammonium fluorides can be used to displace sulfonate esters; however, these reactions require higher temperatures than aminosulfurane fluorination of the corresponding free alcohols. ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Typical ConditionsFluorinations with DAST can be carried out in conventional glass equipment, although etching of the glass may result from reaction byproducts. Reactions are typically carried out in aprotic or non-polar solvents. Moisture and atmospheric oxygen should be excluded from the reaction. Reactions are generally started at -78 °C and warmed to room temperature or above; however, reactions should not be heated above 80°C, as decomposition of the fluorinating reagent begins to occur at this temperature. Workup usually involves pouring the reaction mixture over water or ice, followed by neutralization of acidic byproducts with sodium bicarbonate. Standard purification methods can be used to isolate the desired fluorinated products. Example Procedure![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A solution of 13.0 g (0.1 mol) of 1-octanol in 25 mL of dichloromethane was added dropwise to a solution of 16.1 g (0.1 mol) of diethylaminosulfur trifluoride in 60 mL of dichloromethane cooled to –70° to –65°. The reaction mixture was warmed to 25°, 50 mL of water was added, and the lower organic layer was separated and dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and distilled to give 12.0 g (90%) of 1-fluorooctane as a colorless liquid, bp 42–43° (20 mm). 19F NMR (CCl3F): 218.8 ppm (tt, 2J = 49 Hz, 3J = 25 Hz). |