B型血遊記第七篇- 厲害了,維爾紐斯出生的這部憲法
文章來源: 黑貝王妃2018-10-09 00:08:41

以前我從沒聽說過維爾紐斯這個城市,這是立陶宛的首都。

立陶宛1991年從蘇聯獨立出來,現在是立陶宛共和國。立陶宛的總統是今年64歲的單身女性-達利婭·格裏包斯凱特Dalia Grybauskaite,空手道黑帶高手,通曉英語、法語、俄語、波蘭語。她09年當選立陶宛總統,是個受國民愛戴的強硬幹練的女強人。獨立27年後的今天,維爾紐斯已經是一個現代化的歐洲城市。

對於像我這樣無知的遊人來說,維爾紐斯和別的歐洲城市也真的沒有什麽區別:一條美麗的河道蜿蜒流過市中心,這條河叫維爾尼亞河,白天可見河上徜徉的遊船,兩岸樹木鬱鬱蔥蔥,各式新老建築鱗次櫛比,很多橋梁橫跨兩岸。晚間,萬家燈火隔岸相望,彩燈點亮的橫橋如霓虹出水,水麵上飄著小城繁華的倒影。

維爾紐斯最值得稱道的是它的舊城,規模屬歐洲最大的舊城之一,有將近1500座跨幾個世紀的建築物,著名的包括多哥特式風格的聖安娜教堂、文藝複興式主教座堂及其廣場和Gediminas 城堡,另外,一條條通幽古巷自成風景,使整個小城錯落有致,魅力獨特,在1994年維爾紐斯舊城被聯合國教科文組織列為世界遺產。

圖:聖安娜教堂內

維爾紐斯和立陶宛一道在曆史上是個被宰割的地盤,曾隸屬德國,波蘭和俄羅斯,蘇聯等周邊大國。二戰時德國人在這片土地上屠戮了幾十萬猶太人,而最近發現的一處萬人坑證明斯大林蘇維埃政府也曾在此塗炭生靈。慶幸今天在這兒看到的是一派祥和的景象。我們住了兩個晚上,記得第一個傍晚,我們吃過晚餐,坐在聖安娜教堂廣場的長椅上小憩。那個時辰,廣場中心懸掛著一個空中餐廳,據說隻有夏天的兩個月才可以享受;餐廳之上的碧藍天空放飛著各色蒸汽球,由遠及近,擦過一片橘紅色的屋頂,飄向遠處;腳邊鴿子嘀咕,身旁路人輕笑,路畔酒菜飄香。第二天的日落時分,我們改去坐在主教坐堂前的廣場上,據說年底教皇會來這裏訪問,所以教堂正在為此緊鑼密鼓的裝修。夕陽如期而至,毫不吝嗇地大筆塗抹著這個世界地圖上的微小存在-黃色如金,金色如彤!

圖:主教座堂

維爾紐斯還有一個去處值得推薦,就是Galve湖邊的特拉凱城堡。從維爾紐斯市過去開車一小時左右。這是個很美的去處。城堡是14世紀立陶宛王國公爵建的家居城堡,後來用作防禦工事,又用作監獄,幾經戰亂終成廢墟。我們現在看到的是上個世紀五六十年代修複的。最好的景觀實際上是從湖邊望去的景致,好像是鑲在水中的迪斯尼城堡,又仿佛是藍天碧水之間的一座海市蜃樓。走進去時要經過一條綠茵長堤,堤邊有小船輕蕩,野鴨遊弋,還有手風琴聲悠揚。城堡是一色紅磚外觀,裏麵的院落不大,有些老式刑具供遊人玩賞。如果真的有機會去那裏,我建議一定要繞著城堡走一圈,看看周圍的湖景,另外離開之前在湖邊的餐廳吃上一隻那裏的烤酥皮角Pastie。Pastie是當地的名吃,而這裏做的又最有名。一般是羊肉餡兒的,我不吃羊肉,就要了雞肉餡兒的,的確好吃,外酥裏鮮,名不虛傳。

圖:特拉凱城堡

如果問起今天的維爾紐斯什麽最著名,前麵說的舊城和城堡恐怕都不如“對岸共和國”更有名有趣。1997年愚人節那天,住在維爾紐斯舊城東區河岸的幾個藝術家向聯合國遞交了一份申請,並宣布在其聚集地成立一個獨立的共和國,叫對岸共和國(Uzupis respublika)。他們有自己的國旗、貨幣、護照、憲法,並成立了一支12人的“軍隊”,還設有總統。當地有藝術畫廊,藝坊和零星咖啡館,據說去那裏最重要的一點是要保持微笑。可惜我們沒有機會在那裏停留,導遊說如今能看到的也就是釘在牆上的41條憲法章程了,還把章程的照片傳給我們看,讓我們一車人覺得十分有意思。我回來去網上找到了英文的憲法章程看看,有些真的令人忍俊不禁 。想起要是文學城哪天宣布為獨立共和國,其中的幾條倒是可以借鑒,比如:

21. Everyone has the right to appreciate their unimportance. 每個人都有權利對自己的不重要性有所欣賞;

24. Everyone has the right to understand nothing. 每個人都有權利保持無知;
32. Everyone is responsible for their freedom每個人要對自己的自由負責;

34. Everyone has the right to be misunderstood. 每個人都享有被誤解的權利;
35. No one has the right to make another person guilty. 沒人擁有讓他人感覺內疚的權利。。。

有時候旅行帶給人的不僅是視覺和心靈的經驗,還有腦筋急轉彎的樂趣。我在維爾紐斯獲得了這樣的樂趣。


附:對岸共和國憲法(The Uzupis Constitution terms)

1. Everyone has the right to ylive by the River Vilnele, and the River Vilnele has the right to flow by everyone.
2. Everyone has the right to hot water, heating in winter and a tiled roof.
3. Everyone has the right to die, but this is not an obligation.
4. Everyone has the right to make mistakes.
5. Everyone has the right to be unique.
6. Everyone has the right to love.
7. Everyone has the right not to be loved, but not necessarily.
8. Everyone has the right to be undistinguished and unknown.
9. Everyone has the right to idle.
10. Everyone has the right to love and take care of the cat.
11. Everyone has the right to look after the dog until one of them dies.
12. A dog has the right to be a dog.
13. A cat is not obliged to love its owner, but must help in time of need.
14. Sometimes everyone has the right to be unaware of their duties.
15. Everyone has the right to be in doubt, but this is not an obligation.
16. Everyone has the right to be happy.
17. Everyone has the right to be unhappy.
18. Everyone has the right to be silent.
19. Everyone has the right to have faith.
20. No one has the right to violence.
21. Everyone has the right to appreciate their unimportance.
22. No one has the right to have a design on eternity.
23. Everyone has the right to understand.
24. Everyone has the right to understand nothing.
25. Everyone has the right to be of any nationality.
26. Everyone has the right to celebrate or not celebrate their birthday.
27. Everyone shall remember their name.
28. Everyone may share what they possess.
29. No one can share what they do not possess.
30. Everyone has the right to have brothers, sisters and parents.
31. Everyone may be independent.
32. Everyone is responsible for their freedom.
33. Everyone has the right to cry.
34. Everyone has the right to be misunderstood.
35. No one has the right to make another person guilty.
36. Everyone has the right to be individual.
37. Everyone has the right to have no rights.
38. Everyone has the right to not to be afraid.
39. Do not defeat.
40. Do not fight back.
41. Do not surrender.

進一步了解,可讀下半場共好有關博客http://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/73980/201806/1274.html