早期作品1590～1600年的 伊麗莎白一世的中央主權尚屬鞏固，王室跟工商業者及新貴族的暫時聯盟尚在發展。1588年打敗西班牙“ 無敵艦隊”後英國國勢大振。這使作者對生活充滿 樂觀主義情緒，相信 人文主義思想可以實現。這時期所寫的曆史劇和喜劇都表現出明朗、樂觀的風格。 [2] | 時間 | 劇種 | 中文名 | 原名（英文） | | 1590 | 曆史劇 | | The Second and the Third Part of King Henry Ⅵ | | 1591 | 曆史劇 | 亨利六世上篇修訂 | The First part of King Henry Ⅵ | | 1592 | 曆史劇 | | The Life and Death of King Richard Ⅲ | | 喜劇 | | The Comedy of Errors | | 1593 | 悲劇 | 泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯 | Titus Andronicus | | 喜劇 | | The Taming of the Shrew | | 詩歌 | 維納斯和阿多尼斯 | Venus and Adonis | | 1594 | 喜劇 | | The Two Gentlemen of Verona | | 喜劇 | | Love's labour's lost | | 正劇* | | Romeo and Juliet | | 詩歌 | 魯克麗絲失貞記 | The Rape of Lucrece | | 1595 | 曆史劇 | | The life and death of King Richard Ⅱ | | 喜劇* | | A midsummer night's dream | | 1596 | 曆史劇 | | The life and death of King John | | 喜劇* | | The merchant of Venice | | 詩歌 | 愛人的怨訴 | A Lover's Complaint | | 1597 | 曆史劇 | | King Henry Ⅳ | | 1598 | 喜劇 | | Much ado about nothing | | 喜劇 | | The merry wives of Windsor | | 曆史劇 | | The life of King Henry Ⅴ | | 1599 | 悲劇 | | the life and death of Julius Caesar | | 喜劇* | 皆大歡喜 | As you like it | | 詩歌 | 熱情的朝聖者 | The Passionate Pilgrim | | 1600 | 喜劇* | | Twelfth night，or，What You Will 中期作品 1601～1607年英國農村的“ 圈地運動”加速進行，王權和資產階級及 新貴族的暫時聯盟正在瓦解，社會矛盾深化，政治經濟形勢日益惡化。 詹姆士一世繼位後的揮霍無度和倒行逆施，更使人民痛苦加劇，反抗迭起。在此情況下，莎士比亞深感 人文主義理想與現實的矛盾越來越加劇，創作風格也從明快樂觀變為陰鬱悲憤，其所寫的悲劇也不是重在歌頌人文主義理想，而是重在揭露批判社會的種種罪惡和黑暗。 [2] | 時間 | 劇種 | 中文名 | 原名（英文） | | 1601 | 悲劇* | | Hamlet，Prince of Denmark | | 1602 | 悲劇 | | Troilus and Cressida | | 1604 | 喜劇 | | All's well that ends well | | 喜劇 | | Measure for measure | | 詩歌 | 十四行詩 | The Sonnets | | 1605 | 悲劇* | | Othello，the Moore of Venice | | 悲劇* | | King Lear | | 悲劇* | | The tragedy of Macbeth | | 1607 | 悲劇 | | Antony and Cleopatra | | 1607 | 悲劇 | | The tragedy of Coriolanus | | 悲劇 | | Timons of Athens | | 1608 | 喜劇 | 泰爾親王佩裏克裏斯 | Pericles，Prince of Tyre | 晚期作品 1608～1612年 詹姆士一世王朝更加腐敗，社會矛盾更加尖銳。莎士比亞深感人文主義理想的破滅，乃退居故鄉寫浪漫主義傳奇劇。其創作風格也隨之表現為浪漫空幻。 [2] | 時間 | 劇種 | 中文名 | 原名（英文） | | 1609 | 喜劇 | | Cymbeline，King of Britain | | 1610 | 喜劇 | | The winter's tale | | 1612 | 喜劇 | | The tempest | | 曆史劇 | | The life of King Henry Ⅷ | 注：劇種*號標注為四大悲劇/四大喜劇/正劇 Francis Thackeray and his team from South Africa's University of the Witwatersrand were loaned 24 "tobacco pipe" fragments from Shakespeare's Stratford-upon-Avon property by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. Eight tested positive for cannabis residue and two had remnants of Peruvian cocaine.2015年8月10日 2018年8月15日 - A plant by any other name would taste as sweet. You might assume Shakespeare would agree with such paraphrasing of his work after ... “Love is a smoke made with the fume of sighs;
Being purg'd, a fire sparkling in lovers' eyes;
Being vex'd, a sea nourish'd with lovers' tears;
What is it else? A madness most discreet,
A choking gall, and a preserving sweet.
*Here’s what love is: a smoke made out of lovers' sighs. When the smoke clears, love is a fire burning in your lover’s eyes. If you frustrate love, you get an ocean made out of lovers' tears. What else is love? It’s a wise form of madness. It’s a sweet lozenge that you choke on.*” ― William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet | |
