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度量衡傳統上是計量長度、體積、輕重的標 準的統稱。度是計量長短,量是計量對某物質的容量,衡是計量輕重。現代對度量衡的廣泛定義為任何表示物理量(如溫度、時間)的公製單位。在香港,雖然政府 曾大力推廣十進製,但1擔=100司馬斤、1斤(和清朝官府庫平製不太一樣,司馬斤相等於 604.79克,庫平製1斤相等於 596.82克)=16兩、1兩=10錢、1錢=10分”等換算仍被廣泛用於糧食和貴金屬買賣中至今。 時代 | 度製 | 統一換算(厘米) | 商 | 1尺 = 10寸,1寸 = 10分 | 1尺 = 15.8, 1寸 = 1.58 | 戰國 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸,1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 231,1尺 = 23.1,1寸 =2.31 1分 = 0.231 | 秦 | 1引 = 10丈, 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1引 = 2310, 1丈 = 231 1尺 = 23.1, 1寸 = 2.31 1分 = 0.231 | 漢 | 1引 = 10丈, 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1引 = 2310, 1丈 = 231 1尺 = 23.1, 1寸 = 2.31 1分 = 0.231 | 三國 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸,1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 242, 1尺 = 24.2 1寸 = 2.42, 1分 = 0.242 | 西晉 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 242, 1尺 = 24.2 1寸 = 2.42, 1分 = 0.242 | 東晉及十六國 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 245, 1尺 = 24.5 1寸 = 2.45, 1分 = 0.245 | 南北朝 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 245, 1尺 = 24.5 1寸 = 2.45, 1分 = 0.245 1丈 = 296, 1尺 = 29.6 1寸 = 2.96, 1分 = 0.296 | 隋 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸,1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 296, 1尺 = 29.6 1寸 = 2.96, 1分 = 0.296 | 唐 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 小尺: 1丈 = 300, 1尺 = 30 1寸 = 3, 1分 = 0.3 大尺: 1丈 = 360, 1尺 = 36 1寸 = 3.6, 1分 = 0.36 | 宋元 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸,1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 312, 1尺 = 31.2 1寸 = 3.12, 1分 = 0.312 | 明 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 裁衣尺: 1尺 = 34, 1寸 = 3.4 量地尺: 1尺 = 32.7, 1寸 = 3.27 營造尺: 1尺 = 32, 1寸 = 3.2 | 清 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 裁衣尺: 1丈 = 355, 1尺 = 35.5, 1寸 = 3.55 量地尺: 1丈 = 345, 1尺 = 34.5, 1寸 = 3.45 營造尺: 1丈 = 320, 1尺 = 32, 1寸 = 3.2 | 中國曆代量製演變簡表 時代 | 量製 | 統一換算(毫升) | 戰國 | 齊: 1鍾 = 10釜, 1釜 = 4區 1區 = 4豆, 1豆 = 4升 秦: 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 楚: 1筲 =5升 三晉: 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 | | 秦 | 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 | 1斛 = 20000, 1鬥 = 2000, 1升 = 200 | 漢 | 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 1合 = 2龠, 1龠 = 5撮, 1撮 = 4圭 | 1斛 =20000, 1鬥 = 2000, 1升 = 200 1合 = 20, 1龠 = 10, 1撮 = 2, 1圭 = 0.5 | 三國兩晉 | 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1斛 =20450, 1鬥 = 2045, 1升 = 204.5 1合 = 20.45 | 南北朝 | 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1斛 =30000, 1鬥 = 3000, 1升 = 300 1合 = 30 | 隋 | 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 開皇: 1斛 = 60000, 1鬥 =6000, 1升 =600 1合 = 60 大業: 1斛 =20000, 1鬥 =2000, 1升 =200 1合 = 20 | 唐 | 1斛 = 10鬥, 1鬥 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 大: 1斛 = 60000, 1鬥 =6000, 1升 =600 1合 = 60 小: 1斛 =20000, 1鬥 =2000, 1升 =200 1合 = 20 | 宋 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 67000,1斛 =33500, 1鬥 = 6700, 1升 = 670,1合 = 67 | 元 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 95000,1斛 = 47500, 1鬥 = 9500, 1升 = 950,1合 = 95 | 明 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 100000,1斛 = 50000, 1鬥 =10000, 1升 = 1000,1合 = 100 | 清 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5鬥, 1鬥 = 10升 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 100000,1斛 = 50000, 1鬥 =10000, 1升 = 1000,1合 = 100 | 中國曆代衡製演變簡表 時代 | 衡製 | 統一換算(克) | 戰國 | 楚: 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 趙: 1石 = 120斤, 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 魏: 1鎰 = 10釿, 1釿 = 20兩 | 秦: 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | | 1斤 = 250, 一兩 = 15.6 1銖 = 0.65 | 1石 = 30000, 1斤 = 250 1兩 = 15.6, 1銖 = 0.65 | 1鎰 = 315 1釿 = 31.5 | 1石 = 30360, 1鈞 = 7590 1斤 = 253, 1兩 = 15.8 1銖 = 0.69 | | 秦 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 1石 = 30360, 1鈞 = 7590 1斤 = 253, 1兩 = 15.8 1銖 = 0.69 | 漢 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | | 1石 =29760, 1鈞 = 7440 1斤 =248, 1兩 = 15.5, 1銖 = 0.65 | 1石 = 26400, 1鈞 = 6600 1斤 = 220, 1兩 = 13.8, 1銖 = 0.57 | | 三國 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 1石 = 26400, 1鈞 = 6600 1斤 = 220, 1兩 = 13.8, 1銖 = 0.57 | 兩晉 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 1石 = 26400, 1鈞 = 6600 1斤 = 220, 1兩 = 13.8, 1銖 = 0.57 | 南北朝 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 梁、陳:1斤 = 220, 南齊:1斤 = 330, 北魏、北齊:1斤 = 440,北周:1斤 = 660 | 隋 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 大: 1石 = 79320, 1鈞 = 19830, 1斤 = 661, 1兩 = 41.3 小: 1石 = 26400, 1鈞 = 6600, 1斤 = 220, 1兩 = 13.8 | 唐 | 1石 = 4鈞, 1鈞 = 30斤 1斤 = 16兩, 1兩 = 24銖 | 1石 = 79320, 1斤 = 661 1兩 = 41.3, 1錢 = 4.13 1分 = 0.41 | 宋 | 1石 = 120斤, 1斤 = 16兩 1兩 = 10錢, 1錢 = 10分 | 1石 = 75960, 1斤 = 633, 1兩 = 40 1錢 = 4, 1分 = 0.4 | 元 | 1石 = 120斤, 1斤 = 16兩 1兩 = 10錢, 1錢 = 10分 | 1石 = 75960, 1斤 = 633, 1兩 = 40 1錢 = 4, 1分 = 0.4 | 明 | 1石 = 120斤, 1斤 = 16兩 1兩 = 10錢, 1錢 = 10分 | 1石 = 70800, 1斤 = 590, 1兩 = 36.9, 1錢 = 3.69, 1分 = 0.37 | 清 | 1石 = 120斤, 1斤 = 16兩 1兩 = 10錢, 1錢 = 10分 | 1石 = 70800, 1斤 = 590, 1兩 = 36.9, 1錢 = 3.69, 1分 = 0.37 | |
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