用英語打中國“拖拉機”牌
文章來源: kylelong2010-01-19 16:42:48

 

 

所謂“拖拉機”,就是我們常說的“雙升級”、“雙升”,但也是實實在在的“升級”,因為是兩副以上的撲克牌,有兩副、3副、4副、5副、6副等等,隻是規則略有差異。一副牌的“升級”,有些地方叫著“百分”,因為K10分,10也計算10分,5 就計算5分,4樣花色共計100分,而兩副牌的“升級”,就有200分。4人玩,兩兩對家,對角座位,掙分80,就算過關,方可升級。雖然中國南北各地的規則也有不用,但大同小異。現在網絡中專門的“拖拉機”遊戲室有很多。

 

與老外聚會時,老外們很想了解是如何玩的,雖然現代的撲克牌是西方的紙牌,但撲克牌本身就是源自中國的紙牌。撲克,Poker,有兩種意思,一是指撲克牌,也叫紙牌(playingcards),另一個是指以用紙牌來玩的遊戲,稱為撲克遊戲。下麵以典型的英國“撲克牌”來介紹典型的湖北“拖拉機”,兼介紹其它國家的“撲克牌”和中國其它地區的“拖拉機”。

 

1,基本術語

 

撲克牌:cards

一副牌:deck(包含cardsbox

玩牌:play cards

4種花色:4 suits

黑桃:Spades (suit)

紅桃:Hearts (suit)

方塊:Diamonds (suit)

梅花:Clubs (suit)

拖拉機:tractor

玩牌手:player

拖拉機手:traktoristy

洗牌:stack cardsshuffle cardscut cards

抬牌(切牌,分牌):take halfhalf pass

牌頂:top

牌底:bottom

麵朝上:face up

麵朝下:face down

抓牌:draw cards

出牌:deal cards

底牌:pocket cardshole cardskitty

叫牌(叫主,定主):orderflopflip

反牌(反主,造反):reorderrefloprefliprevoltoverturn

加固(鞏固,定牌):fortify

主牌(王牌,將牌):master suittrump suit

副牌:second suit

莊家:dealerhouse

莊家位主牌:master card of dealertrump card of dealer

天絕:void(比如void in spades,天絕黑桃)

單張牌:single

一對牌:a pair

一個拖拉機:a tractor suits(比如同花色的8899

一個3連拖拉機:a 3-chain tractor suits(比如同花色的778899

一個4連拖拉機:a 4-chain tractor suits(比如同花色的66778899

一個邊三輪:a sidecar suits(比如同花色的A-A-K,或者A-K-K

花牌:royal cards

花牌同花順:royal flush

大鬼(大王):big joker

小鬼(小王):little joker

AAce(愛思,尖,梭鏢)

KKing(國王)

QQueen(王後)

JJack(王子)

調主:draw trumpsdraw trump suits

出副:draw second suit

跑副牌(墊牌):discard

出一圈牌:a trick

大牌:high card(比如high trump就是比較大的主牌)

小牌:low card(比如low diamond 就是比較小的方塊)

殺牌(槍斃):trumpkill

壓牌:overtrump(指主牌),over card(指副牌)

甩牌:throw

悔牌:regretrepent

換牌:change

攤牌:showdown

埋分:bury points

分數:points

算分:count points

加倍:double

過關:win(指高於80分)

小光:savingkeeping(指低於40分)

大光(光頭):nothingzerobareheaded

跳級(升兩級):skip

跳兩級(升三級):skip twice

 

2,基本規則

 

1A總是最大,A大於KK大於QQ大於J,等等;對牌和拖拉機也是如此。Aces are ALWAYS high. Aces are worth more than Kings which are worth more than Queens which are worth more than Jack, and so on. The sane situation is in pairs and tractors.

2)一輪牌,隻有叫牌的那一花色是主牌,其餘屬於副牌;從“2”開始,逐漸升級到“A”。During a round, only the suit which is ordered or flipped is trump suit and others are second suits (including 3 suits). “2” is the first grade as trump suits and “A” is the last one by upgrading step by step.

3)當手中沒有別人出的副牌時,主牌可以用於殺牌而得分;主牌不分大小,永遠大於副牌。While there is no second suits which someone draws in hand, trump suits can be used to trump (or kill) second suits in order to get points. Also, trump suits are always higher than second suits without counting points of trump suits.

4)單張牌需用單張主殺牌,一對牌需用一對主牌殺牌,邊三輪和拖拉機也是一樣的。A single card could be trumped by a single trump suit and a pairs could be trumped by a pairs of trump suits. The same situation is in a sidecar suits and a tractor suits.

5)對家合作掙分需要雙方互相配合,並記住對家手中有哪些牌、沒有哪些牌。It is necessary to cooperate with each other to earn points for a pairs of players, and one should remember what kinds of suits one’s cooperator has or not.

6)當對家牌大,或者殺牌時,自己手中的分數牌(510K)便可打出,以獲得分數。While a player has a high card, or trumps, cooperator would draw points’ cards (such as 5, 10 and K) for points.

7)如果底牌數量錯誤,屬於失敗;對手拿到底牌,底牌的分數要加倍;如果是一對牌拿到底牌,底牌的分數要加4倍。If the number of pocket cards (which are any 8 cards put by dealer or house in each game) is wrong, the players are failed in this game. When opponents get pocket cards, the points from pocket cards would be doubled. When opponents get pocket cards using a pairs of cards, the points from pocket cards would be fourfold. How about a tractor?

8)莊家要保住自己的莊位,必須阻止對手得分;對手要想做莊,必須想辦法得分。對手獲得80為過關,做莊打牌;120分升一級,160分升兩級,200分升三級。The dealers or houses (2 players) have to stop opponents to get points for keeping their position, but opponents (another 2 players) have to get points for replacing dealers or houses. Opponents would become dealers or houses after getting 80 points, and they would run one more high-grade if 120 points and two more high-grades if 160 points and three more high-grades if 200 points, and so on.

9)當對家出牌A,你自己也有同花色的A,可以出牌Q或者J(即信號牌),即使有K或者10(兩個分牌),這樣,對家就知道你有A,可以繼續出分牌。When your cooperator draws A, and you have the same A in hand, you would draw Q or J (that is called the message card), even if you have the point card (such as 10 or K card) in hand, so that your cooperator would know you have A in hand and will draw his point card continually.

 

3,一些國家撲克牌的花色及名稱對比

 

中國:黑桃、紅桃、方塊、梅花

英國:Spades (suit)Hearts (suit)Diamonds (suit)Clubs (suit)

北美:Spades (suit)Hearts (suit)Diamonds (suit)Clubs (suit)

法國:Spades (Espadas, Listy/Piky, Picas, Pik, Pikes, Piques, Spader, Spadi, Schoppen, Picche)Hearts (Cœurs, Copas, Corazones, Herz, Hjärter, Srdce, Hjarta, Harten, Cuori)Diamonds (Carreaux, Diamantes, Kára, Karo, Ouros, Ruter, Squares, Tigull, Ruiten, Quadri)Clubs (Clovers, Klöver, Kreuz, Kříže, Paus, Tréboles, Trèfles, Lauf, Klaveren, Fiori)

德國:Leaves, Grass or Green (Laub, Gras, Blau, Grün, Blatt, Zelený)Hearts (Herz)Bells (Schellen, Kule)Acorns (Eichel, Žaludy)

瑞士:Shields (Schilten)Roses (Rosen)Bells (Schellen)Acorns (Eicheln)

西班牙:Swords (Espadas)Cups (Copas)Coins (Oros)Clubs (Bastos)

意大利(拉丁):Swords (Spade / Espadas)Cups (Coppe / Copas)Coins (Denari / Oros)Clubs (Bastoni / Bastos) 

占卜(算命,Tarot):Swords/SpadesCups/HeartsPentacles, Coins, Rings,  Discs/DiamondsWands, Clubs, Batons, Staves/Clubs

 

4,中國不同地方“拖拉機”規則差異

 

1)先手抓牌:有的地方按照每個人各抓一張牌最大者,有的地方按隨機抓一張牌,按照玩家的順序數點數,最後一個是誰就是先手;抓牌的順序(順時針或逆時針)沒有限製;

2)底牌:有的地方可以埋分,有的地方不能埋分;有的地方埋分隻能有5分,有的地方埋分沒有限製;對手搶到底牌時,可以加倍分數,有的地方不加倍;

3)叫牌後,自己可以定牌(加固),對家也可以定牌(加固),但有的地方不能;有的地方叫牌時,必須要有大鬼或小鬼做伴;

4)有的地方在莊家或對家不能叫牌時,便是失敗,對手做莊;有的地方是從底牌中翻開第三張就是主牌;而有的地方沒有這個限製,幹脆重新開始;

5)邊三輪(如A-A-K,或者A-K-K)出牌,殺牌時也得用邊三輪,但有的地方沒有這個限製,隻需要一對牌加上臨近的一張牌即可;

6)當自己認為其他人手中已經沒有自己手中的某一花色牌時,有的地方可以甩牌,而有的地方不能;有的地方,如果甩牌錯誤,需要扣分,一張牌一分;

7)有的地方,逢J必須做莊打牌,不可跳過;有的地方逢510K做莊打牌,不可跳過。

8)對於有意出假牌(錯牌),有的地方需要罰,有的地方幹脆就認定作弊,屬於失敗,對手上台做莊。