8老師, please check the new rule from USCIS.
https://www.uscis.gov/archive/final-rule-on-public-charge-ground-of-inadmissibility
1. Yes, Medical is issued by California State, but MediCal is supported by Medicaid. According to this new rule, both Medicaid, food stamp etc are considered as public charge after 02/24/2020.
2. Yes, after getting green for five years, the green card holder who is at least 65 years old has the right to get medicare from Federal Goverment, but need to pay much higher premium if he has not worked in US for 40 quarters. In California, MediCal pays the premium for Medicare part B. It means that green card holders have both Medicare and MediCal. MediCal pays part B Medicare fee. When medical bill happens, Medicare pay 80% medical and MediCal pay the remaining 20% of medical bill.
According to 1999 old immigration law, yes, Medicaid/MediCal is not public charge. But according to this NEW rule, they are public charge. as stated follows.
Federally funded Medicaid (with certain exclusions)
